Search Results (322)

Background and Objectives: Nausea and vomiting (NV) are common and distressing adverse effects among cancer patients undergoing treatment. Despite the widespread use of pharmacological antiemetics, these medications are often insufficient for controlling nausea and may cause medication interactions and side effects. Acupuncture has been proposed as a complementary therapy; however, the comprehensive analysis of its effects on NV across all emetogenic cancer treatments remains limited. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture in managing NV in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or surgery. Materials and Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search across three electronic databases and two clinical registry platforms from inception to December 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating acupuncture for NV in cancer patients were included. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model. Safety outcomes were assessed based on the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). Results: Seventeen RCTs met the inclusion criteria, with twelve studies included in the meta-analysis. Acupuncture did not demonstrate significant effects on acute nausea (RR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.84–1.15; p = 0.80) or acute vomiting (RR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.65–1.32; p = 0.67). However, it significantly reduced delayed vomiting (RR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.61–0.95; p = 0.02). Subgroup analysis demonstrated significant effects when acupuncture was administered for at least five days (RR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.39–0.81; p = 0.002). The most frequently used acupoints were PC6, ST36, CV12, LI4, LR3, and ST25. No serious adverse events related to acupuncture treatments were reported, with only minor AEs such as localized bleeding and mild bruising observed. Conclusions: Acupuncture represents a safe and effective complementary therapy for managing delayed vomiting in cancer patients receiving emetogenic treatments. Clinicians can anticipate optimal benefits from at least five days of treatment, particularly using acupoints PC6, ST36, CV12, LI4, LR3, and ST25. Further high-quality studies are needed to establish standardized treatment regimens and explore its comprehensive effects on NV. Full article

Emergency calls, including medical emergency team and code blue calls, aim to respond to and assess patients at an earlier stage of clinical deterioration (to potentially avoid cardiac arrest and death). With an increasing prevalence of hospital access block, more admitted patients are boarding in the Emergency Department (ED). Although emergency calls were traditionally a ward-based system, they are now occurring more often in the ED. Large variations exist in the staffing mix and specialist skill sets between ED- and ward-based care. There is a paucity of evidence describing the epidemiology of patients that require emergency calls in the ED setting. Objectives: We aim to evaluate the population of adult patients that require emergency calls in our tertiary ED. Methods: This study utilised the Tasmanian Emergency Care Outcomes registry (TECOR) to perform a retrospective cohort study of emergency calls occurring over a 13-month period. Descriptive statistics are used to summarize the data. Categorical variables are presented as frequencies and their percentages and continuous variables are depicted as means and standard deviations (SDs) or medians and interquartile ranges (IQRs), as appropriate. Results: There were 600 emergency calls in the ED, involving 423 unique patients and 596 (99.33%) MET calls. The mean patient age was 68.68 years (SD 17.87). The mean ED length of stay for patients with an emergency call was 18.28 h (SD 8.96). Calls made were predominantly for systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg (310, 51.67%). The mean duration of an emergency call was 40.89 min (SD 20.48). Most patients had a single emergency call (311, 73.18%). For our cohort, goals of care remained unchanged following 341 (56.83%) emergency calls. Conclusions: Emergency calls in the ED are uncommon, representing 2.08% of all admissions from the ED. Patients in the ED requiring an emergency call have a mean length of stay twice that of all ED presentations. Recognising and responding early to address the concerns that trigger a call may help to mitigate this additional burden. More research is required to explore the factors that will lead to effective and appropriate care before, during, and after an ED emergency call is made. Full article

The management of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) poses a substantial clinical and economic challenge, characterized by a growing patient burden, rising healthcare costs, and persistent unmet needs to enhance survival outcomes and quality of life. Background/Objectives: Conventional high-flux hemodialysis (HD) remains the dominant form of renal replacement therapy for ESKD but is still associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. High-volume post-dilution online hemodiafiltration (HVHDF) offers a promising alternative by enhancing the convective removal of uremic toxins. Methods: We conducted a narrative review of randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, real-world cohort studies, and registry analyses published between 2010 and 2024. Evidence was categorized into short-term, medium-term, and long-term outcomes, including hemodynamic stability, inflammation, anemia, infection risk, cardiovascular events, cognitive decline, quality of life, and survival. Results: HVHDF improves short-term outcomes by enhancing toxin clearance, stabilizing blood pressure, reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, and improving anemia management. Medium-term benefits include improved nutritional status, reduced hospitalizations related to infections, and improved neurological and immune function. Long-term data from major trials (e.g., ESHOL, CONVINCE) and large real-world studies show consistent reductions in all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, particularly with convection volumes ≥ 23 L/session. A clear dose–response relationship supports the clinical relevance of convection volume targets. HVHDF has also shown benefits in preserving cognitive function and enhancing health-related quality of life. Conclusions: Strong and converging evidence supports HVHDF as a superior dialysis modality. Given its survival benefits, better tolerance, and broader impact on patient outcomes, HVHDF should be considered the new standard of care in dialysis, especially in light of the recent regulatory approval of the machine that provides the ability to perform HDF in the United States. Full article

Introduction: Total temporomandibular joint replacement (TMJR) is a well-established surgical solution for patients with severe TMJ disorders. It aims to relieve chronic pain, restore jaw mobility, and significantly enhance quality of life. This systematic review evaluates QoL outcomes following TMJR, analyzes complication profiles, compares custom versus stock prostheses, explores pediatric applications, and highlights technological innovations shaping the future of TMJ reconstruction. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was conducted throughout April 2025 in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Sixty-four studies were included, comprising 2387 patients. Results: Primary outcomes assessed were QoL improvement, pain reduction, and functional gains such as maximum interincisal opening (MIO). Secondary outcomes included complication rates and technological integration. TMJR consistently led to significant pain reduction (75–87%), average MIO increases of 26–36 mm, and measurable QoL improvements across physical, social, and psychological domains. Custom prostheses were particularly beneficial in anatomically complex or revision cases, while stock devices generally performed well for standard anatomical conditions. Pediatric TMJR demonstrated functional and airway benefits with no clear evidence of growth inhibition over short- to medium-term follow-up. Complications such as heterotopic ossification (~20%, reduced to <5% with fat grafting), infection (3–4.9%), and chronic postoperative pain (~20–30%) were reported but were largely preventable or manageable. Recent advancements, including CAD/CAM planning, 3D-printed prostheses, augmented-reality-assisted surgery, and biofilm-resistant materials, are enhancing personalization, precision, and implant longevity. Conclusions: TMJR is a safe and transformative treatment that consistently improves QoL in patients with end-stage TMJ disease. Future directions include long-term registry tracking, growth-accommodating prosthesis design, and biologically integrated smart implants. Full article

Background: Local audits of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) prescriptions and outcomes are necessary to assess guideline awareness among clinicians and treatment effectiveness. Aims: The aims were to investigate first-line prescriptions and effectiveness over a 10-year period in Ireland and evaluate the influence of the 2017 Irish consensus guidelines on these trends. Methods: Data were collected at e-CRF AEG-REDCap from the European Registry on H. pylori management (Hp-EuReg) and quality reviewed from 2013 to 2022. All treatment-naïve cases were assessed for effectiveness by modified intention-to-treat (mITT) analysis. Multivariate analysis was also performed. Results: Data from 1000 patients (mean age 50 ± 15 years; 54% female) were analyzed. Clarithromycin (C) and amoxicillin (A) triple therapy represented 88% of treatments, followed by sequential C, A, and metronidazole (M) therapy (4.3%) and triple C + M (2.7%). Bismuth quadruple therapy was prescribed in 1.7% of cases. Treatment durations of 14, 10, and 7 days accounted for 87%, 4.5%, and 8.5% of prescriptions, respectively. High-, standard-, and low-dose proton pump inhibitors (PPIs; 80 mg, 40 mg, and 20 mg omeprazole equivalent b.i.d.) were used in 86%, 0.9%, and 13% of cases, respectively. The overall eradication rate was 80%, while it was 81% for triple C + A. Good compliance and high-dose PPI were associated with higher overall mITT eradication rates (OR 4.5 and OR 1.9, respectively) and triple C + A eradication rates (OR 4.2 and OR 1.9, respectively). Overall eradication rates increased from 74% pre-2017 to 82% (p < 0.05) by the end of 2022. Similarly, the triple C + A eradication rates increased from 76% to 83% (p < 0.05). Conclusions: While first-line treatment effectiveness improved in clinical practice over time, cure rates remain below 90%. Alternative first-line strategies are required in Ireland. Full article

Background: Local recurrence for high-risk extremities/trunk soft tissue sarcoma (STS) after treatment can range from 15 to 30%. The modified Eilber protocol (MEP) using low-dose intravenous chemotherapy with a reduced dosage of radiation in the preoperative setting has demonstrated excellent local control and reduced wound complications in these patients. The aim of the current study was to assess long-term local control and overall survival in patients with STS treated with the MEP versus standard preoperative or postoperative radiotherapy. Methods: Patients diagnosed with STS from 2004 to 2016 were identified using the Alberta Cancer Registry. Patients with STS treated with the MEP, preoperative or postoperative radiotherapy, were included. Patient and tumor characteristics, treatments and outcomes were abstracted from the registry and primary chart review. Characteristics were compared using one-way ANOVA for continuous variable and chi-square test and Fisher test for the categorical outcomes. Local recurrence-free survival and overall survival were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier Analysis with Log-rank test. Results: A total of 242 patients with STS were included, among which 100 (41.3%) received the MEP prior to surgery, 91 (37.6%) had preoperative radiation, and 51 (21.1%) had postoperative radiation. After a median follow up of 4.9 years, there were no significant differences in local recurrence or local recurrence-free survival between patients treated with the MEP vs. preoperative or postoperative radiotherapy (10 vs. 6.6% and 7.8%, respectively, p-value NS). There were also no significant differences between groups for recurrence-free survival and overall survival. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the use of the MEP has non-inferior oncologic outcomes compared to standard preoperative or postoperative radiation in a population-based analysis despite reducing the overall dosage of radiation administered. The modified Eilber preoperative chemoradiation protocol may be considered as an additional option for patients with STS. Full article

Transcranial pulse stimulation (TPS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation method that uses, high-intensity acoustic shockwaves to deliver focused mechanical stimulation to neural tissue with minimal thermal effects. The mechanism of action includes but is not limited to promotion of blood flow and angiogenesis through mechanotransduction. Clinical data to date are limited and preliminary. In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), TPS has demonstrated cognitive and mood improvements in pilot studies and secondary endpoint analysis in first randomized trials. The enhancement of gamma-band oscillations and network connectivity has been reported. Clinical observations in Parkinson’s disease (PD) suggest TPS as a hypothesis-generating approach to address non-motor symptoms—such as depression, cognitive decline, and the freezing of gait—through theoretical modulation of basal ganglia–cortical circuits. TPS is CE-marked in Europe for AD and shows a favorable safety profile; however, ethical considerations arise from the limited evidence base, potential impairment of patient autonomy and judgment in dementia, and the risk of withholding established treatments. TPS should only be offered under structured scientific protocols or within patient registries to ensure rigorous oversight. Ensuring that consent processes account for cognitive capacity, and that TPS is applied as adjunct rather than replacement therapy, is paramount. Future research must include large-scale randomized controlled trials (RCTs), standardize stimulation protocols, deepen mechanistic insight, and embed robust ethical frameworks. Full article

Background/Objectives: Effective communication between healthcare professionals and patient caregivers is paramount in the surgical waiting area, particularly during periods of heightened stress and emotional vulnerability. Globally, communication practices exhibit considerable variability, from traditional face-to-face interactions to integrating advanced digital technologies. Despite innovations, a comprehensive understanding of the impact of diverse communication strategies on patient caregiver satisfaction remains underdeveloped. This scoping review was designed to systematically map the existing literature on healthcare communication practices and identify strategies that may influence satisfaction among patient caregivers. Methods: A thorough search of multiple databases—Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, ProQuest, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and clinical trial registries—was conducted. Only studies published in English or those for which an English full text was accessible were included. Eligible studies were those undertaken in hospital settings, including operating theaters, surgical units, surgical waiting areas, postoperative intensive care units, emergency departments, and other clinical areas focusing on patient caregivers. The review adhered to the methodological framework recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute for scoping reviews and was reported following the most recent PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Results: Ultimately, five studies met the inclusion criteria. The selection process involved a structured search utilizing Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), keywords, and index terms, supplemented by manual reference list screening. Initial screening was performed based on titles and abstracts, followed by full-text evaluation using a standardized selection form. Data extraction focused on the communication methods, study designs, and outcomes related to patient caregiver satisfaction. The findings are synthesized narratively and presented through tables and figures, offering a comprehensive overview of global communication practices and their influence on patient caregiver satisfaction in surgical environments. Across the five included studies, digital communication interventions such as SMS, mobile apps, or video updates reported improved patient caregiver satisfaction (e.g., 70.8% in Canada and 97% in Switzerland) and also reduced patient caregiver anxiety (e.g., STAI score ≥ 44) in 74.2% of Ethiopian patient caregivers. Worldwide evidence highlights the practical importance of tailored digital communication practices to support providing timely and accessible information to patient caregivers, while also revealing gaps linked to insurance status, digital literacy, and various communication approaches in healthcare systems. Conclusions: The five studies included showed considerable variation in communication practices across surgical settings. The main findings reveal that structured, timely, and transparent communication, mainly via digital tools such as SMS updates and mobile applications, enhanced patient caregiver satisfaction and alleviated their emotional distress too. Nevertheless, gaps were identified in postoperative communication, and challenges, such as technological accessibility, digital literacy skills of patient caregivers, and inconsistent methods for measuring satisfaction outcomes, were noted across studies. This scoping review identified the different types of healthcare communication practices adopted globally in surgical care settings and also demonstrated their influence on patient caregiver satisfaction. Traditional and digital communication practices both have their significant impact on patient caregiver experiences in surgical healthcare settings, focusing more on timely and consistent real-time updates and culturally sensitive information. Addressing the existing communication gaps and having tailored communication approaches to specific contexts may lead to improved patient caregiver support and surgical outcomes. Full article

Background/Objectives: Phyllodes tumors (PTs) are rare fibroepithelial breast neoplasms with a high propensity for local recurrence, particularly in borderline and malignant forms. Although wide local excision with negative margins is standard, the role of full-thickness chest wall resection (FTCWR) for PTs invading the chest wall remains unclear. This systematic review evaluated the outcomes of FTCWR in such cases, focusing on oncologic effectiveness and reconstruction. Methods: A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus databases, and Google Scholar (up to the end of November 2024) identified 18 case reports describing 18 patients (mean age of 42.9 years) with locally invasive PTs. Results: Most patients presented with large (>5 cm), recurrent malignant tumors fixed to the chest wall, with the largest measuring 38 cm. Median disease-free survival was 12 months (range: 1–60), with local recurrence in 5.6% and distant metastases in 22.2% of cases. Common complications included respiratory and wound-related issues. Despite the radical surgery, all patients achieved satisfactory cosmetic results. Conclusions: While FTCWR appears feasible and provides symptom relief and short-term disease control in select patients, the evidence remains limited to case reports. Its long-term oncologic benefit is still uncertain, and further research, including prospective studies and multi-center registries, is needed to elucidate its role in clinical practice. Full article

Background: Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a common condition in older adults with rising rates of incidence. While burr hole drainage remains the standard treatment, it is associated with significant recurrence and complications. This study assesses MMA embolization with Squid, both as a standalone procedure and as an adjunct to surgery. Methods: Our prospective registry included 101 patients with 134 CSDH cases treated at two tertiary care centers from December 2020 to January 2024. Patients were divided into two groups: embolization alone and embolization combined with surgery. Demographic, clinical, radiological, and procedural data were collected. Follow-up imaging was conducted at 1, 3, and 6 months. Treatment failure was defined as rescue surgery, hematoma thickness ≥ 10 mm, midline shift > 3 mm at 6 months, or procedure-related death. Results: Fifty-two patients (51.5%) underwent combined treatment, and forty-nine (48.5%) received embolization alone. Most were men (68.3%) and the median age was 82 years. Combined-treatment patients had larger hematomas and more symptoms. Procedures were performed under general anesthesia in 72.3% of patients, with radial and femoral access used equally frequently, and 32.7% underwent bilateral embolization. Patients’ hematoma thickness in follow-up imaging showed a significant decrease (p = 0.000), reaching a median of 0 mm at six months, with no significant difference between groups. Complications occurred in 5.9%, and treatment failure in 4%. Mortality was higher in the embolization-only group, likely reflecting greater rates of comorbidities. Conclusions: This study supports the use of MMA embolization with Squid as a safe and effective treatment for CSDH. Comparable procedural and radiological outcomes in both groups suggest embolization alone may suffice in select patients, offering a less invasive alternative. Full article

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a rare genetic condition classically associated with pulmonary emphysema and liver disease. However, the potential link between AATD and other respiratory diseases, particularly bronchial asthma, remains poorly understood and highly debated. This narrative review explores the current evidence regarding the epidemiological, clinical, and pathophysiological relationship between AATD and asthma. Data from prevalence studies show marked variability in the frequency of AATD-associated alleles among asthma patients, ranging from 2.9% to 25.4%, suggesting either a true association or selection biases. Conversely, asthma prevalence among AATD patients also varies widely, from 1.4% to 44.6%, with higher frequencies observed in countries with long-standing national registries. However, methodological inconsistencies and a lack of standardized diagnostic criteria limit the interpretation of these findings. Current evidence is insufficient to support a direct causal role for AATD mutations in asthma development, and no clear impact of AATD on asthma severity or prognosis has been established. Furthermore, there is no conclusive evidence that augmentation therapy is beneficial in asthma patients carrying AATD mutations. Despite these uncertainties, screening for AATD in selected asthma populations—especially those with severe or atypical phenotypes—may be warranted, as recommended by major respiratory societies. Future research should focus on large, well-powered, prospective studies that evaluate the potential pathophysiological interactions between AATD and specific asthma endotypes, particularly T2-low asthma. These efforts may help clarify the relevance of AATD mutations in asthma pathogenesis and identify potential therapeutic targets. Full article

Background: Postural imbalance with falls affects 80% of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) at 10 years. Standard PD therapies (e.g., levodopa and/or deep brain stimulation—DBS) are poor at improving postural imbalance. Additionally, the mechanistic complexity of interpreting postural control is a major barrier to improving our understanding of treatment effects. In this paper, we review the effects of DBS on balance as measured using posturography. We also critically appraise the quantitative measures and analyses used in these studies. Methods: A literature search was performed independently by 2 researchers using the PUBMED database. Thirty-eight studies are included in this review, with DBS at the subthalamic nucleus (STN-) (n = 25), globus pallidus internus (GPi-) (n = 6), ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM)/thalamus (n = 2), and pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) (n = 5). Results: STN- and GPi-DBS reduce static sway in PD and mitigate the increased sway from levodopa. STN-DBS impairs automatic responses to perturbations, whilst GPi-DBS has a more neutral effect. STN-DBS may promote protective strategies following external perturbations but does not improve adaptation. The evidence regarding the effects on gait initiation is less clear. Insufficient evidence exists to make conclusions regarding VIM- and PPN-DBS. Conclusions: STN- and GPi-DBS have differing effects on posturography, which suggests site-specific and possibly non-dopaminergic mechanisms. Posturography tests should be utilised to answer specific questions regarding the mechanisms of and effects on postural control following DBS. We recommend standardising posturography measures and test conditions by expert consensus and greater long-term data collection, utilising ongoing DBS registries. Full article

Background: Vascular access in emergency departments (ED) is challenging for patients with difficult venous access (DIVA), causing delays and discomfort. Ultrasound-guided techniques may offer improved outcomes, making it crucial to assess their benefits, risks, and the effectiveness of validated identification systems. Objectives: To contribute new evidence regarding the effectiveness of validated tools for identifying DIVA and to assess the clinical benefits of ultrasound-guided vascular access in emergency care, and to assess their utility in arterial puncture for arterial blood gas sampling, from now on ABG, within the ED. Methods: This study follows the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) guidelines for protocol development and the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines for the conduct and reporting of the randomized clinical trial (RCT). The trial will be conducted in Spain throughout 2025. The study population will consist of 114 subjects with difficult intravenous access (DIVA), identified using the DIVA scale for individuals under 14 years of age and the A-DICAVE scale for adults, along with 80 subjects from the general surgical area (GSA). Participants will be randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, to either the Control Group (CG) (traditional technique) or the Experimental Group (EG) (ultrasound-guided technique). Data collected will include sociodemographic characteristics, procedure-related variables (e.g., time required, human resources, and materials used), as well as pain levels, assessed using validated scales (EVA, FLACC, PAINAD), and overall satisfaction from both patients and healthcare professionals. Ethical approval has been obtained, and the trial will be registered as an RCT through an official clinical trial registry before recruitment begins. Results: Expected results suggest ultrasound guidance will significantly improve first-attempt success rates, reduce procedural time, enhance patient comfort, and optimize resource utilization compared to traditional techniques. Conclusions: The integration of ultrasound-guided vascular access into routine emergency protocols could enhance patient safety, satisfaction, and procedural efficiency in emergency care settings. Full article

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a common genetic disorder affecting up to 2.6% of the population in Saudi Arabia. SCD results in severe disability, reduced quality of life, extensive use of medical resources, increased economic burden, and a high likelihood of increased mortality. Red blood cell transfusion remains a cornerstone in the management of SCD complications. This position paper highlights the current state of SCD management within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Despite the advantages of automated red blood cell exchange (aRBCX) and guideline recommendations, its use remains limited. In practice, aRBCX is used for a variety of indications, including acute management and prophylaxis of stroke, systemic fat embolism, severe forms of acute chest syndrome, preoperative management, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, hepatic crisis, and priapism. However, aRBCX is underutilized in pregnancy. Common gaps identified by the advisory panel include the absence of standardized national guidelines, limited access to aRBCX, issues with vascular access, lack of equipment, and insufficient staff training. Another limitation to the use of aRBCX is the higher blood requirements compared to other blood transfusion modalities. These factors contribute to geographical disparities in the management of SCD and suboptimal patient outcomes. To address these issues, the advisory panel recommended developing and implementing evidence-based national guidelines, expanding access to aRBCX, enhancing health staff education and training, and establishing a robust national SCD registry. By prioritizing these recommendations, we can help streamline SCD care, reduce practice variation, and nationalize sickle cell disease management in Saudi Arabia to improve patient care. Full article

Cardiac tumors, though rare, present significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to their heterogeneous nature and anatomical complexity. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on prevalence, diagnostic modalities, and management strategies for primary and metastatic cardiac tumors. Echocardiography, cardiac MRI, and CT remain cornerstone imaging tools for differentiating tumors from non-neoplastic masses, while advances in PET/CT and tissue characterization techniques refine staging and treatment planning. Surgical resection with clear margins (R0) is critical for resectable tumors, particularly benign myxomas, though malignant tumors like sarcomas require multimodal approaches combining surgery, radiotherapy, and systemic therapies. Emerging strategies such as heart autotransplantation and staged resections offer promise for complex cases, while oligometastatic disease management highlights the role of stereotactic radiotherapy and immunotherapy. Key challenges include standardizing resection margins, optimizing neoadjuvant therapies, and addressing high recurrence rates in malignancies. Future directions emphasize integrating AI-driven imaging analysis, molecular biomarkers, and genomic profiling to personalize therapies, alongside global registries to enhance data on rare tumors. Equitable access to advanced diagnostics and multidisciplinary collaboration are essential to improve outcomes. This review underscores the need for standardized guidelines, technological innovation, and patient-centered research to address gaps in cardiac oncology. Full article