In this study, we investigate a numerical-modeling method uniquely performing analyses of 50 different metal hydrides to find the optimized thermal effect. This paper presents a metal-hydride thermal energy conversion method, which offers an alternat...
Here, the authors report the results of their study on the key characteristics of microscale periodic Ni-Mg-Ni-Mg film structures as metal-hydride hydrogen accumulators, namely, the microstructure, phase state, operation temperatures and rate of the...
High-power cylindrical nickel metal/hydride batteries using a misch metal-based Al-free superlattice alloy with a composition of La11.3Pr1.7Nd5.1Mg4.5Ni63.6Co13.6Zr0.2 were fabricated and evaluated against those using a standard AB5 metal hydride all...
Helium is insoluble in most metals and precipitates out to form nanoscale bubbles when the concentration is greater than 1 at.%, which can alter the material properties. Introducing controlled defects such as multilayer interfaces may offer some leve...
The development of transition metal clusters is an active area of research in inorganic chemistry, as they can be used as catalysts to perform chemically or biologically relevant reactions. Computational chemistry, employing density functional theory...
As the world evolves, so does the energy demand. The storage of hydrogen using metal hydrides shows great promise due to the ability to store and deliver energy on demand while achieving higher volumetric density and safer storage conditions compared...
Continuing from a special issue in Batteries in 2016, nineteen new papers focusing on recent research activities in the field of nickel/metal hydride (Ni/MH) batteries have been selected for the 2017 Special Issue of Ni/MH Batteries. These papers sum...
Metal hydride alloys are considered as a promising alternative to conventional hydrogen storage cylinders and mechanical hydrogen compressors. Compared to storing in a classic gas tank, metal hydride alloys can store hydrogen at nearly room pressure...
Traditional high-pressure mechanical compressors account for over half of the car station’s cost, have insufficient reliability, and are not feasible for a large-scale fuel cell market. An alternative technology, employing a two-stage, hybrid s...
The responses of one AB5, two AB2, four A2B7, and one C14-related body-centered-cubic (BCC) metal hydrides to an alkaline-etch (45% KOH at 110 °C for 2 h) were studied by internal resistance, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, inductive...
U.S. patents filed on the topic of nickel/metal hydride (Ni/MH) batteries have been reviewed, starting from active materials, to electrode fabrication, cell assembly, multi-cell construction, system integration, application, and finally recovering an...
Patent applications in the field of nickel/metal hydride (Ni/MH) batteries are reviewed to provide a solid technology background and directions for future developments. As the fourth review article in the series of investigations into intellectual pr...
C14 Laves phase alloys play a significant role in improving the performance of nickel/metal hydride batteries, which currently dominate the 1.2 V consumer-type rechargeable battery market and those for hybrid electric vehicles. In the current study,...
Energy production, distribution, and storage remain paramount to a variety of applications that reflect on our daily lives, from renewable energy systems, to electric vehicles and consumer electronics. Hydrogen is the sole element promising high ener...
Both the patents issued and applications filed in China regarding nickel/metal hydride (Ni/MH) battery technology are reviewed in the article. Selective works from 39 battery manufactures, 9 metal hydride alloy suppliers, 13 Ni(OH)2 suppliers, 20 har...
Nineteen papers focusing on recent research investigations in the field of nickel/metal hydride (Ni/MH) batteries have been selected for this Special Issue of Batteries. These papers summarize the joint efforts in Ni/MH battery research from BASF, Wa...
Mg, the A-site atom in C14 (MgZn2), C15 (MgCu2), and C36 (MgNi2) Laves phase alloys, was added to the Zr-based AB2 metal hydride (MH) alloy during induction melting. Due to the high melting temperature of the host alloy (>1500 °C) and high volatil...
Hydrogen is one of the energy carriers that has started to play a significant role in the clean energy transition. In the hydrogen ecosystem, storing hydrogen safely and with high volumetric density plays a key role. In this regard, metal hydride sto...
An approach to various metal hydrides based on electronic principles is presented. The effective medium theory (EMT) is used to illustrate fundamental aspects of metal-hydrogen interaction and clarify the most important processes taking place during...
As the world is keen on cleaner and sustainable energy, hydrogen energy has the potential to be part of the green energy transition to replace fossil fuels and mitigate climate change. However, hydrogen energy storage is a difficult task since physic...
Thermochemical energy storage systems, based on a high-temperature metal hydride coupled with a low-temperature metal hydride, represent a valid option to store thermal energy for concentrating solar power plant applications. The operating characteri...
The efficient operation of a metal hydride reactor depends on the hydrogen sorption and desorption reaction rate. In this regard, special attention is paid to heat management solutions when designing metal hydride hydrogen storage systems. One of the...
The hydrogen compression that occurs in a metal hydride compressor is based on the chemical and thermal processes of hydrogen absorption and desorption into an intermetallic structure of metals. The concept presented in this article is centred on the...
This study aims to shed light on the unusual trend in the stabilities of Zr(MoxFe1−x)2, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, hydrides. Both the rule of reversed stability and the crystal volume criterion correlate with the increased hydride stabilities from x = 0...
Metal hydride-based hydrogen storage (MHHS) has been used for several purposes, including mobile and stationary applications. In general, the overall MHHS performance for both applications depends on three main factors, which are the appropriate sele...
A safe and efficient method for storing hydrogen is solid state storage through a chemical reaction in metal hydrides. A good amount of research has been conducted on hydrogenation properties of metal hydrides and possible methods to improve them. Ba...
In this paper we report that cold rolling could drastically improve hydrogen desorption kinetics under microwave irradiation. Samples of metal hydride powders (TiH2, ZrH2, and MgH2) in as-received conditions and after cold rolling were microwave irra...
To meet the massive increase in energy demand, extensive research has been conducted over the past few decades on developing clean and sustainable energy storage methods. Hydrogen is considered as one of the most promising future energy carriers due...
Hydrogen storage technologies are key enablers for the development of low-emission, sustainable energy supply chains, primarily due to the versatility of hydrogen as a clean energy carrier. Hydrogen can be utilized in both stationary and mobile power...
The Japanese Patent Applications filed on the topic of nickel/metal hydride (Ni/MH) batteries have been reviewed. Patent applications filed by the top nine battery manufacturers (Matsushita, Sanyo, Hitachi Maxell, Yuasa, Toshiba, FDK, Furukawa, Japan...
This study investigates the structure of a metal hydride (MH) cartridge as a hydrogen storage tank for small-scale fuel cells (FCs). This cartridge is designed to be stacked and used in layers, allowing flexible capacity adjustment according to deman...
The utilisation of fossil fuels has resulted in the continuous increase in anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and has led to significant environmental impacts. To this end, the catalytic hydrogenation of captured CO2 into value-added C1 che...
The performance of cylindrical cells made from negative electrode active materials of two selected AB2 metal hydride chemistries with different dominating Laves phases (C14 vs. C15) were compared. Cells made from Alloy C15 showed a higher high-rate p...
The analysis of metal hydride (MH) tanks requires numerical modeling, which can be complemented by analytical studies. These analytical studies are valuable for swiftly sizing efficient reservoirs intended for hydrogen or thermal energy storage syste...
A combination of analytic tools and electrochemical testing was employed to study the contributions of Palladium (Pd) in a Zr-based AB2 metal hydride alloy (Ti12Zr22.8V10 Cr7.5Mn8.1Co7Ni32.2Al0.4). Pd enters the A-site of both the C14 and C15 Laves p...
The voltage of an alkaline electrolyte-based battery is often limited by the narrow electrochemical stability window of water (1.23 V). As an alternative to water, ionic liquid (IL)-based electrolyte has been shown to exhibit excellent proton conduct...
The consistency in capacity degradation in a multi-cell pack (>100 cells) is critical for ensuring long service life for propulsion applications. As the first step of optimizing a battery system design, academic publications regarding the capacity...
In a fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) powered by a metal hydride tank, the performance of the tank is an indicator of the overall health status, which is used to predict its behaviour and make appropriate energy management decisions. The aim of this...
The effects of seven constituent phases—CeNi3, NdNi3, Nd2Ni7, Pr2Ni7, Sm5Ni19, Nd5Co19, and CaCu5—on the gaseous phase and electrochemical characteristics of a superlattice metal hydride alloy made by induction melting with a composition of Sm14La5.7...
Effects of substitutions of rare earth (RE) elements (Y, La, Ce, and Nd) to the Zr-based AB2 multi-phase metal hydride (MH) alloys on the structure, gaseous phase hydrogen storage (H-storage), and electrochemical properties were studied and compared....
The electrochemical reactions of multi-phase metal hydride (MH) alloys were studied using a series of Laves phase-related body-centered-cubic (BCC) Ti15.6Zr2.1V43Cr11.2Mn6.9Co1.4Ni18.5Al0.3X (X = V, B, Mg, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, La, and Nd) alloys. These all...
Herein, we present a comparison of the electrochemical hydrogen-storage characteristics of two state-of-art Laves phase-based metal hydride alloys (Zr21.5Ti12.0V10.0Cr7.5Mn8.1Co8.0Ni32.2Sn0.3Al0.4 vs. Zr25.0Ti6.5V3.9Mn22.2Fe3.8Ni38.0La0.3) prepared b...
The utilisation of hydrogen in ships has important potential in terms of achieving the decarbonisation of waterway transport, which produces approximately 3% of the world’s total emissions. However, the utilisation of hydrogen drives in maritim...
Hydrogen possesses distinctive characteristics that position it as a potential energy carrier to substitute fossil fuels. Nonetheless, there is still an essential need to create secure and effective storage solutions prior to its broad application. T...
In this study, boron, a metalloid element commonly used in semiconductor applications, was added in a V-containing Zr-based AB2 metal hydride alloy. In general, as the boron content in the alloy increased, the high-rate dischargeability, surface exch...
The formation of palladium hydrides is a well-known phenomenon, observed for both bulk and nanosized samples. The kinetics of hydrogen adsorption/desorption strongly depends on the particle size and shape, as well as the type of support and/or coatin...
The large volume expansion and self-locking phenomenon of metal hydride particles during hydrogen sorption often leads to a high stress concentration on the walls of a container, which may cause the collapse of the container. In present study, silico...
Hydrogen fuel cell-based UAM (urban air mobility) systems are gaining significant attention due to their advantages of higher energy density and longer flight durations compared to conventional battery-based UAM systems. To further improve the flight...
Microstructures of a series of La-Mg-Ni-based superlattice metal hydride alloys produced by a novel method of interaction of a LaNi5 alloy and Mg vapor were studied using a combination of X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy and electron backscatter...
In transport applications, metal hydride tanks represent a promising solution for safe and effective hydrogen storage. In this paper, we examine the effects of operational conditions on hydrogen supply continuity from MNTZV-159 tanks into the fuel ce...
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