Search Results (29,501)

Patients with severe structural tooth wear present significant restorative challenges, including compromised oral function and the loss of essential anatomical landmarks such as marginal ridges, incisal edges, cusps, occlusal planes, and vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO). Successful management requires meticulous diagnosis, comprehensive treatment planning, and careful selection of restorative materials with appropriate biomechanical properties. Digital technologies have become integral to this process, particularly for enhancing diagnostic accuracy, material selection, and tooth preparation design within a fully digital workflow. This clinical case report illustrates a complete digital approach, beginning with an initial intraoral scan merged with a digital wax-up STL file featuring varying translucency dimensions to guide tooth preparation. This workflow enabled precise planning of tooth reduction, accurate assessment of available interocclusal space, and determination of material thickness requirements prior to irreversible procedures. Additionally, the integration of digital visualization improved patient communication, treatment predictability, and interdisciplinary collaboration. Overall, this case highlights the value of CAD/CAM technology in supporting complex oral rehabilitation for patients with advanced tooth wear, demonstrating its capacity to enhance efficiency, precision, and outcome quality in full-mouth zirconia ceramic restorations. Full article

With advances in deep-sea exploration technologies, utilizing human-occupied vehicles (HOV) in marine science has become widespread. The observation window is a critical component, as its structural strength affects submersible safety and performance. Under load, it experiences stress concentration, deformation, cracking, and catastrophic failure. The observation window will experience different stress distributions in high-pressure environments. The maximum principal stress is the most significant phenomenon that determines the most likely failure of materials in windows of HOV. This study proposes an artificial intelligence-based method to predict the maximum principal stress of observation windows in HOV for rapid safety assessment. Samples were designed, while strain data with corresponding maximum principal stress values were collected under different loading conditions. Three machine learning algorithms—transformer–CNN-BiLSTM, CNN-LSTM, and Gaussian process regression (GP)—were employed for analysis. Results show that the transformer–CNN-BiLSTM model achieved the highest accuracy, particularly at the point exhibiting the maximum the principal stress value. Evaluation metrics, including mean squared error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and root squared residual (RSR), confirmed its superior performance. The proposed hybrid model incorporates a positional encoding layer to enrich input data with locational information and combines the strengths of bidirectional long short-term memory (LSTM), one-dimensional CNN, and transformer–CNN-BiLSTM encoders. This approach effectively captures local and global stress features, offering a reliable predictive tool for health monitoring of submersible observation windows. Full article

Background and Rationale: Tinospora crispa (L.) Hook.f. & Thomson (T. crispa) is a climbing medicinal plant with long-standing ethnopharmacological use, particularly in inflammatory and hepatic disorders and cancer-related conditions. There is a knowledge gap regarding how wild versus cultivated ecotypes differ in chemotype, bioactivity, and safety, and how this might support or refine traditional use. Study Objectives: This study aimed to compare wild and cultivated ecotypes of T. crispa from the Nile Delta (Egypt) in terms of quantitative and qualitative phytochemical profiles; selected in vitro biological activities (especially antioxidant and cytotoxic actions); genetic markers potentially associated with metabolic variation; and short-term oral safety in an animal model. Core Methodology: Standardized extraction of plant material from wild and cultivated ecotypes. Determination of total phenolics, total flavonoids, and major phytochemical classes (alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids). Metabolomic characterization using UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS, supported by NMR, to confirm key compounds such as berberine, palmatine, chlorogenic acid, rutin, and borapetoside C. In vitro bioassays including: Antioxidant activity (e.g., radical-scavenging assay with EC₅₀ determination). Cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines, with emphasis on HepG2 hepatoma cells and calculation of IC₅₀ values. Targeted genetic analysis to detect single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gen1 locus that differentiate ecotypes. A 14-day oral toxicity study in rats, assessing liver and kidney function markers and performing histopathology of liver and kidney tissues. Principal Results: The wild ecotype showed a 43–65% increase in total flavonoid and polyphenol content compared with the cultivated ecotype, as well as substantially higher levels of key alkaloids, particularly berberine (around 12.5 ± 0.8 mg/g), along with elevated chlorogenic acid and borapetoside C. UHPLC-MS and NMR analyses confirmed the identity of the main bioactive constituents and defined a distinct chemical fingerprint for the wild chemotype. Bioassays demonstrated stronger antioxidant activity of the wild extract than the cultivated one and selective cytotoxicity of the wild extract against HepG2 cells (IC₅₀ ≈ 85 µg/mL), being clearly more potent than extracts from cultivated plants. Genetic profiling detected a C → T SNP within the gen1 region that differentiates the wild ecotype and may be linked to altered biosynthetic regulation. The 14-day oral toxicity study (up to 600 mg/kg) revealed no evidence of hepatic or renal toxicity, with biochemical markers remaining within physiological limits and normal liver and kidney histology. Conclusions and Future Perspectives: The wild Nile-Delta ecotype of T. crispa appears to be a stress-adapted chemotype characterized by enriched levels of multiple bioactive metabolites, superior in vitro bioactivity, and an encouraging preliminary safety margin. These findings support further evaluation of wild T. crispa as a candidate source for standardized botanical preparations targeting oxidative stress-related and hepatic pathologies, while emphasizing the need for: More comprehensive in vivo efficacy studies. Cultivation strategies that deliberately maintain or mimic beneficial stress conditions to preserve phytochemical richness. Broader geographical and genetic sampling to assess how generalizable the present chemotypic and bioactivity patterns are across the species. Full article

Thermally compressed fast-growing wood exhibits superior mechanical properties, presenting a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to solid wood. However, to prevent structural damage and achieve higher densification during this process, effective pretreatment is essential. This study systematically evaluates the efficacy of hydrothermal and alkaline sulfite pretreatments in modifying Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata Hook.) and poplar (Populus tomentosa Carr.). The resulting compressed wood was comprehensively characterized in terms of mass loss, mechanical strength, microstructure, chemical composition, and cellulose crystallinity. Results indicate that, under the conditions tested, alkaline sulfite pretreatment was more effective than hydrothermal pretreatment in enhancing the material properties of densified wood, with peak density, compressive strength, and hardness achieved after 5 h for fir and 3 h for poplar, respectively. The results obtained under the present experimental conditions support the fact that alkaline sulfite pretreatment is an effective approach for producing densified wood with enhanced mechanical properties, suggesting its potential suitability for higher-value applications. Full article

Low work function (LWF) materials are essential for enabling efficient systems’ behavior in applications ranging from vacuum electronics to energy conversion devices and next-generation opto-electronic interfaces. Recent advances in theory, characterization, and materials engineering have dramatically expanded the candidates for LWF systems, including alkali-based compounds, perovskites, borides, nitrides, barium and scandium oxides, 2D materials, MXenes, functional polymers, carbon materials, and hybrid architectures. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental mechanisms governing the work function (WF) and discusses the state-of-the-art measurement techniques, as well as the most used computational approaches for predicting and validating WF values. The recent breakthroughs in engineering LWF surfaces through different methods are discussed. Special emphasis is placed on the relationship between predicted and experimentally measured WF values, highlighting the role of surface contamination, reconstruction, and environmental stability. Performance, advantages, and limitations of major LWF material families are fully analyzed, identifying emerging opportunities for next applications. Finally, current and fundamental challenges in achieving scalable, stable, and reproducible LWF surfaces are considered, presenting promising research directions such as high-throughput computational discovery and in situ surface engineering with protective coatings. This review aims to provide a unified framework for understanding, achieving, and advancing LWF materials toward practical and industrially relevant technologies. Full article

Strawberry is widely cultivated due to its short growth cycle, high yield, and significant profits. In high-latitude cold regions, the planting area of overwintering strawberry has expanded rapidly in recent years. However, although daytime temperatures inside solar greenhouses rise quickly with solar radiation, plants are frequently subjected to persistent nocturnal low-temperature stress (nocturnal temperature below 10 °C). This stress restricts photosynthesis, delays growth, and markedly reduces yield. Therefore, accurately evaluating the tolerance of strawberry varieties to low nocturnal temperatures is crucial for unheated overwintering production in cold regions. This study selected Snow White, Benihoppe, and Kaorino as experimental materials for overwintering cultivation trials in a typical cold-region solar greenhouse. We measured and analyzed growth and development, photosynthetic characteristics, phenological traits, and fruit yield. Based on photosynthetic physiology and phenotypic traits, we constructed the Photosynthesis–Fluorescence Index (PFI), the Production–Phenotype Index (PPI), and the Nocturnal Cold Tolerance Index (NCTI). The results showed that Kaorino exhibited significantly higher values in all three indices compared with Benihoppe and Snow White. After exposure to low night temperatures, Kaorino exhibited rapid photosynthetic induction, strong maintenance of PSII activity, vigorous growth, early maturation, and high yield. Moreover, all three composite indices were strongly and positively correlated with total yield (R² > 0.97), demonstrating their effectiveness in distinguishing the nocturnal low-temperature tolerance of strawberry cultivars. These composite indices provide a scientifically robust method for selecting suitable cultivars for unheated overwinter strawberry production in high-latitude cold regions. Full article

Background and Objectives: Our study aimed to investigate the effect of RAS and TP53 mutations, either alone or in combination, on survival in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma (mCRC). Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with mCRC and followed up at our center between January 2019 and November 2023, who underwent somatic mutation analysis via next-generation sequencing (NGS) testing, were retrospectively evaluated. A total of 155 patients were evaluated within the scope of the study. Patients were grouped as mutant type (m) or wild type (w) for RAS and TP53. Survival times between the groups were examined using the Kaplan–Meier method. Cox regression analysis was performed for factors with a prognostic effect on survival. Results: Among the patients, 35.4% exhibited an RASm/TP53w mutation profile, 30.9% had RASw/TP53w, 20% had RASw/TP53m, and 13.5% had RASm/TP53m. The lowest median progression-free survival (mPFS) and median overall survival (mOS) durations were observed in the RASm/TP53w group (7.3 months and 16.9 months, respectively). Median OS was significantly lower in the RASm/TP53w group compared to the RASw/TP53w group (16.9 months vs. 26.0 months, p = 0.003), whereas no significant difference was found between mPFS durations. No statistically significant difference was observed between the RASw/TP53m and RASm/TP53m groups and the RASw/TP53w group for mPFS and mOS. The RASm/TP53w mutation profile was identified as an independent prognostic factor for decreased OS in the multivariate Cox regression analysis. Conclusions: In mCRC cases with the RASm/TP53w mutation profile, the mOS was significantly lower. The RASm/TP53w mutation profile was identified as an independent prognostic factor for decreased OS. These findings are expected to contribute to the literature as real-world evidence regarding the prognostic value of different RAS and TP53 mutation combinations in mCRC. Full article

Grinding is an essential process in mineral processing. Hydrogen-based mineral phase transformation, used to efficiently process refractory iron ores, can alter the physical and chemical properties of the ore, affecting its grinding characteristics. This paper uses iron ore from Baoshan, Shanxi Province, as the raw material for laboratory-scale hydrogen-based mineral phase transformation (HMPT) experiments and grinding tests. It examines the impact of four cooling methods on the ore’s grinding characteristics. The results show that samples cooled in a reducing atmosphere to 200 °C and then water-quenched exhibit the best relative grindability. For the same grinding time, the content of coarse-sized particles (+0.074 mm) in the product is lowest, while the fine-sized particles (−0.030 mm) is highest. The grinding kinetic parameters of the samples with this cooling method are the highest. After 2 min of grinding, the value of n is 1.3363, and the particle size distribution of the product is the most uniform. The BET and SEM test results indicate that samples with this cooling method have more internal pores, the largest pore size, and the most surface cracks and pores. This paper clarifies the effects of the HMPT cooling methods on grinding characteristics, providing a theoretical foundation for the efficient separation of iron ores. Full article

An alkali-activated slag binder based on biochar was developed in this research. The biochar was produced from waste wood and is referred to as biochar waste (BW). In the alkali-activated slag system, a small amount of biochar (up to 0.5%) was used as an additive, and a larger amount (from 1% to 25%) was used as a filler. The influence of the biochar powder on compressive strength was determined. The hydrated samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the thermal, acoustical properties, and hydration temperature were also determined. The compressive strength of the alkali-activated slag composite, especially after 7 days, was found to increase slightly due to the introduction of a small amount (0.05–0.5%) of BW powder. The powder in the alkali-activated slag matrix was distributed homogenously, resulting in a reduction in the crack propagation. A larger amount of BW led to a non-homogeneous distribution, and this resulted in a gradual reduction in compressive strength with increasing BW. The highest values of compressive strength at 28 days of hydration (44.4 MPa) were recorded for samples with 0.25% of BW. According to mathematical analysis methods, the compressive strength is mainly influenced by the specific surface area of the initial mix ingredients and the amount of BW additive. In the alkali-activated slag matrix, BW acted as an inert micro-filler, with the dilution effect possibly being the reason for the decrease in the hydration temperature. SEM analysis demonstrated that the BW had a good adhesion with the alkali-activated slag matrix. The thermal and acoustic insulation performance of samples with BW improved. These investigations suggest that BW can be successfully incorporated in alkali-activated material, resulting in low thermal conductivity and adequate acoustic insulation performance. Full article

Organophilic acidic magadiites were prepared after an acidic magadiite (A-Mgd) reaction with cetyltrimethylammonium solutions containing different anions, such as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (C16TMABr), cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (C16TMACl), and cetyltrimethylammonium hydroxide (C16TMAOH). The resulting materials were studied as adsorbents for Eosin Y removal from artificially contaminated solution. Successful preparation of oganophilic A-Mgd was achieved using C16TMAOH solution with an increased basal spacing from 1.21 nm to 3.15 nm and uptake C16TMA amount of 1.16 mmol/g. Meanwhile, no variation in the basal spacing of 1.20 nm occurred using C16TMACl and C16TMA Br solutions with an uptake mount of 0.07 to 0.09 mmol/g, respectively. Other techniques supported the behavior of the counteranion of surfactant solution on the synthesis of organophilic A-Mgd samples. 13C CP/MAS NMR data revealed that C16TMA cations displayed all-trans conformation comparable to C16TMABr solid, and ²⁹Si MAS NMR confirmed the stability of the host silicate layers during the reaction. The specific surface area of A-Mgd was reduced after the intercalation of C16TMA cations from 38 m²/g to 11 m²/g. The removal properties of organophilic samples were investigated under different conditions, including the Eosin Y pH solution, initial concentration, dosage mass, and content of C16TMA cations. The maximum removal amount was 70 mg/g at acidic pH and using A-Mgd prepared from C16TMAOH solution, while the other organophilic A-Mgds exhibited low removal amounts of 3 to 5 mg/g. The regeneration tests indicated that the efficiency was maintained after four reuse tests with a drop of 30 to 50% from the initial value after seven cycles. The adsorber batch design was employed to estimate theoretically the required masses of used samples to treat an effluent volume of 10 L at a removal percentage of 95% at a fixed initial concentration of 200 mg/L. In total, 20 g of organophilic prepared from A-Mgd and C16TMAOH solution was needed, while 243 g of sample prepared from C16TMABr solution was required. This study proposes the development of a cost-effective, sustainable solution for dye-contaminated wastewater treatment. Full article

Surface charge accumulation and trap distribution are the core factors affecting the surface flashover characteristics of insulating materials. Considering the low-temperature gradient environment of superconducting energy pipeline terminations, this paper systematically studies the surface charge dynamic characteristics and trap distribution law of epoxy glass fiber (GFRP) by using the isothermal surface potential decay (ISPD) method combined with finite element simulation. A temperature-controlled ISPD test platform of −30~20 °C (193~293 K) was built to measure the surface potential decay curves at different temperatures and calculate the trap energy level and density; a charge migration model considering temperature gradient was established to analyze the influence of trapped charges on surface potential and electric field distribution. The results show that low temperature significantly reduces the surface potential decay rate (the residual potential after 5000 s is 92.91% of the initial value at 193 K, and only 3.51% at 293 K); the traps of GFRP at 193 K are dominated by deep traps (central energy level 0.68 eV, density 1.63 × 10²⁰ m⁻³·eV), while there is a bimodal distribution of shallow traps (0.92 eV) and deep traps (0.98 eV) at 293 K; under temperature gradient, the accumulation of deep trap charges in the low-temperature region leads to a surface electric field distortion rate of 12.60, which is the key microscopic mechanism for the decrease of flashover voltage. Full article

The adaptive reuse of industrial heritage is increasingly recognized as an effective low-carbon strategy that reduces resource consumption, lowers embodied carbon emissions, and supports sustainable urban transitions. Developing appropriate reuse strategies, however, requires a robust understanding of heritage value. As material evidence of China’s modern industrialization, railway-associated industrial heritage possesses the characteristics of linear cultural heritage. Yet systematic and multi-scalar value assessments from a linear heritage perspective remain limited. Focusing on the Guanzhong Section of the Longhai Railway—one of the most representative industrial development axes in Northwest China—this study establishes a two-level value assessment framework and conducts a comprehensive evaluation of fourteen textile industrial heritage units. At the individual level, five dimensions—historical significance, architectural features, structural integrity, authenticity, and rarity—were assessed through field investigation, and type-specific weights were introduced to correct structural imbalances between quantity and value across building categories. At the unit level, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was employed to determine the weights of spatial–functional integrity, process completeness, railway connectivity, industrial landscape characteristics, and the integrated individual-level value. The results show that factory workshops and warehouses consistently exhibit the highest value, whereas structures and residential buildings, despite their numerical dominance, contribute relatively little. Spatially, a clear west–east gradient emerges: high-value units cluster in Baoji and Xi’an, medium-value units in Xianyang, and low-value units mainly in Weinan and surrounding counties. The findings indicate that textile industrial heritage along the Guanzhong Section forms a railway-linked linear cultural heritage system rather than isolated sites. The proposed evaluation framework not only supports heritage identification and conservation planning but also provides a theoretical basis for promoting low-carbon adaptive reuse of existing industrial buildings. Full article

Optimizing the blast energy distribution is crucial for enhancing rock fragmentation, minimizing overexcavation, and boosting profitability in mining operations. This study introduces a theoretical model to predict the blasting Energy Factor ${(\mathrm{F}}_{\mathrm{e}})$ in mining tunnels, based on the Cracking Energy ${(\mathrm{E}}_{\mathrm{g}})$ of the rock mass, derived from the deformation energy of brittle materials (Young’s modulus) and adjusted by the Rock Mass Rating (RMR). The model was validated using 42 blasting datasets from horizontal galleries at El Teniente mine, Chile. Data included geometric parameters (tunnel sections, drilling length, diameter, number of holes, meters drilled), explosive type and consumption, and geomechanical properties, particularly the RMR. Results show that as rock mass quality improves (higher RMR), both ${\mathrm{F}}_{\mathrm{e}}$ and $\%{\mathrm{E}}_{\mathrm{g}}$ increase, more competent rock masses require higher input energy to initiate and propagate cracks, and a greater portion of that energy is effectively utilized for crack formation. For instance, rock masses with an RMR of 66 exhibited an average ${\mathrm{F}}_{\mathrm{e}}$ of 7.62 MJ/m³ and $\%{\mathrm{E}}_{\mathrm{g}}$ of 4.8%, while those with an RMR of 75 showed higher values (${\mathrm{F}}_{\mathrm{e}}$ = 8.47 MJ/m³, $\%{\mathrm{E}}_{\mathrm{g}}$ = 6.4%). This confirms that less fractured rock masses require higher ${\mathrm{F}}_{\mathrm{e}}$ and $\%{\mathrm{E}}_{\mathrm{g}}$ for effective fragmentation. Lithology also plays a significant role in energy consumption. Diorite displayed the highest ${\mathrm{F}}_{\mathrm{e}}$ (8.34 MJ/m³) and higher efficiency ($\%{\mathrm{E}}_{\mathrm{g}}$ = 7.0%), whereas andesite showed lower ${\mathrm{F}}_{\mathrm{e}}$ (7.61 MJ/m³) and lower crack propagation efficiency ($\%{\mathrm{E}}_{\mathrm{g}}$ = 3.7%). Unlike traditional ${\mathrm{F}}_{\mathrm{e}}$ prediction methods, which rely solely on explosive data and excavation volume, this model integrates RMR, enabling more precise energy allocation and fostering sustainable mining practices. This approach enhances decision-making in blast design, offering a more robust framework for optimizing energy use in mining operations. Full article

This study evaluates lead-free high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites reinforced with high-Z oxides (Bi₂O₃, WO₃, Gd₂O₃, TeO₂, and a Bi₂O₃/WO₃ hybrid) as lightweight materials for gamma-ray and fast-neutron shielding. A hybrid computational framework combining Phy-X/PSD with Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations was used to obtain key shielding parameters, including the linear and mass attenuation coefficients (μ, μ/ρ), half-value layer (HVL), mean free path (MFP), effective atomic number (Z_eff), effective electron density (N_eff), exposure and energy-absorption buildup factors (EBF, EABF), and fast-neutron removal cross section (Σ_R). The incorporation of heavy oxides produced a pronounced improvement in gamma-ray attenuation, particularly at low energies, where the linear attenuation coefficient increased from below 1 cm⁻¹ for neat HDPE to values exceeding 130–150 cm⁻¹ for Bi- and W-rich composites. In the intermediate Compton-scattering region (≈0.3–1 MeV), all oxide-reinforced systems maintained a clear attenuation advantage, with μ values around 0.12–0.13 cm⁻¹ compared with ≈0.07 cm⁻¹ for pure HDPE. At higher photon energies, the dense composites continued to outperform the polymer matrix, yielding μ values of approximately 0.07–0.09 cm⁻¹ versus ≈0.02 cm⁻¹ for HDPE due to enhanced pair-production interactions. The Bi₂O₃/WO₃ hybrid composite exhibited attenuation behavior comparable, and in some regions slightly exceeding, that of the single-oxide systems, indicating that mixed fillers can effectively balance density and shielding efficiency. Oxide addition significantly reduced exposure and energy-absorption buildup factors below 1 MeV, with a moderate increase at higher energies associated with secondary radiation processes. Fast-neutron removal cross sections were also modestly enhanced, with Gd₂O₃-containing composites showing the highest values due to the combined effects of hydrogen moderation and neutron capture. The close agreement between Phy-X/PSD and Geant4 results confirms the reliability of the dual-method approach. Overall, HDPE composites containing about 60 wt.% oxide filler offer a practical compromise between shielding performance, manufacturability, and environmental safety, making them promising candidates for medical, nuclear, and aerospace radiation-protection applications. Full article

Freshwater scarcity is increasing day by day and has already reached a threatening level, especially in remotely populated areas. One of the technological solutions to this rising concern could be the use of the solar-based humidification–dehumidification (SHDH) method for water desalination. This technology is a promising solution but has challenges such as solar intermittency. This challenge can be solved by integrating SHDH with the phase change material as a solar energy storage medium. Therefore, a novel nano-enhanced binary eutectic phase change material (NEPCM) was developed in this project. PCM consisting of 70 wt.% stearic acid (ST) and 30 wt.% suberic acid (SBU) with a varying concentration of silicon carbide (SiC) nanoparticles (NPs) (0.1 to 3 wt.%) was synthesized specifically considering the need of SHDH application. The systematic thermophysical characterization was conducted to investigate their energy storage capacity, thermal durability, and performance consistency over repeated cycles. DSC analysis revealed that the addition of SiC NPs preserved the thermal stability of the NEPCM, while the phase transition temperature remained nearly unchanged with a variation of less than 0.74%. The value of latent heat is inversely related to the nanoparticle concentration, i.e., from 142.75 kJ/kg for the base PCM to 131.24 kJ/kg at 3 wt.% loading. This corresponds to reductions in latent heat ranging between 0.98% and 8.06%. The FTIR measurement confirms that no chemical reactions or no new functional groups were formed. All original functional groups of ST and SBU remained intact, showing that incorporating the SiC NP to the PCM lead to physical interactions (e.g., hydrogen bonding or surface adsorption). The TGA analysis showed that the SiC NPs in the NEPCM act as supporting material, and its nano-doping enhanced the final degradation temperature and thermal stability. There was negligible change in thermal conductivity for nanoparticle loadings of 0.1% and 0.4%; however, it increased progressively by 5.2%, 10.8%, 23.12%, and 25.8% at nanoparticle loadings of 0.7%, 1%, 2%, and 3%, respectively, at 25 °C. Thermal reliability was analyzed through a DSC thermal cycling test which confirmed the suitability of the material for the desired applications. Full article