The structure, status, and processes of the groundwater system, which can only be acquired through scientific research efforts, are critical aspects of water resource management. Isotope hydrology and hydrogeology is a genuinely interdisciplinary sci...
Nitrate contamination in stream water and groundwater is a serious environmental problem that arises in areas of high agricultural activities or high population density. It is therefore important to identify the source and flowpath of nitrate in wate...
Stable (16O, 17O, 18O, 1H, 2H) and radioactive (3H) isotopes in water are powerful tools in the tracking of the path of water molecules in the whole water cycle. In the last decade, a considerable number of studies have been published on the use of w...
Carbon isotopes in magmatic systems serve as powerful tracers for understanding magma evolution, mantle processes, the deep carbon cycle, and the origin of Earth’s carbon. This review provides a comprehensive overview of carbon isotope measurem...
The terrestrial components of the hydrological cycle include rainwater, surface water, and groundwater. Carbon (C) isotopes allow hydrologists to pinpoint the age of groundwater, track its flow rate, and identify the sources and processes. This resea...
Hydrothermal venting is an important transfer process of energy and elements between the Earth’s solid material and the oceans. Compared to mid-ocean-ridge hydrothermal vent fields, those at intra-oceanic island arcs are typically in shallower...
The widely-distributed altitude effect of stable isotopes in meteoric water, i.e., the negative correlation between stable hydrogen (or oxygen) isotope compositions and altitude, is the theoretical basis of isotope paleoaltimetry in climate proxies....
The petrogenesis of the Pridoli to Early Lochkovian granites in the Miramichi Highlands of New Brunswick, Canada, is controversial. This study focuses on the Pridoli Nashwaak Granite (biotite granite and two-mica granite). In situ trace elements and...
While there are many studies that have reported methods for tracing the geographical origin of seafoods, most of them have focused on identifying parameters that can be used effectively and not the direct application of these methods. In this study,...
Clumped isotope values (Δ47) of carbonates forming in high pH conditions do not correspond to mineral precipitation temperatures due to certain effects including kinetic isotope fractionation and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) endmember mixin...
Lead isotopes have been widely used to assess the sources of Pb in the soil environment since lead isotopes ratios have a specific signature that allows us to use them as environmental tracers. However, some lead sources are difficult to be identifie...
In this paper, we introduce the notion of an
The identification of recharge areas in karst aquifers allows us to perform sustainable management of these groundwater resources. Stable isotopes (δ18O and δ2H) have been largely used to provide information about recharge elevation in many mountaino...
The stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen in precipitation provide a useful reference for the study of hydrological processes, but concerns have been raised regarding the established patterns in their variations in a monsoon climate zone. In this st...
Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace element widely present in rivers and plays a crucial role in ecosystems. Human activities have led to the extensive migration and dissemination of Zn in the environment. When the accumulation of Zn in rivers reaches ex...
The production of reactor-based medical isotopes is fragile, which has meant supply shortages from time to time. This paper reviews alternative production methods in the form of cyclotrons, linear accelerators and neutron generators. Finally, the sta...
Nitrate pollution is a global environmental problem, and mean nitrate levels have risen by an estimated 36% in global waterways since 1990. Tracing nitrate sources is important for water quality management, and nitrate isotopes (δ15N-NO3−...
The present study is focused on revealing a characteristic kink of the neutron shell closure N = 126 across the Hg-isotopic chain within the relativistic mean-field (RMF) approach with the IOPB-I, DD-ME2, DD-PC1 and NL3 parameter sets. The RMF densit...
12 November 2019
Stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes are important indicators for studying water cycles. The isotopes are not only affected by climate, but are also disturbed by human activities. Urban construction has changed the natural attributes and underlying su...
This article presents the original descriptions of some recent physics mechanisms (based on the thermodynamic, kinetic, and quantum tunnel effects) providing stable 2H/1H isotope fractionation, leading to the accumulation of particular isotopic forms...
There is widespread use of nuclear radiation for medical imagery and treatments. Worldwide, almost 40 million treatments are performed per year. There are also applications of radiation sources in other commercial fields, e.g., for weld inspection or...
Greenhouse gases emitted from soil play a crucial role in the atmospheric environment and global climate change. The theory and technique of detecting stable isotopes in the atmosphere has been widely used to an investigate greenhouse gases from soil...
Environmental isotope tracers have been a useful tool in providing new insights into hydrologic processes. In Mexico, there have been several studies reporting different values for
In recent years, the lake area of the Chahannur Basin has been decreasing, leading to an increase in salt dust storms. In order to find out the recharge mechanism of groundwater in the Chahannur Basin, a total of 51 groundwater and surface water samp...
In this study, the stable isotope values of oxygen and hydrogen were used to identify the seasonal contribution ratios of precipitation to groundwater recharge in the Hualien River basin of eastern Taiwan. The differences and correlations of isotopes...
An accurate representation of the spatial distribution of stable isotopes in modern precipitation is vital for interpreting hydrological and climatic processes. Considering the dominant impact of moisture sources in controlling water isotopes and deu...
Isotope measurements were performed on dissolved nitrate (NO3−) and ammonium (NH4+) in the coastal waters of the northeastern Beibu Gulf, China, to investigate the seasonal nitrate sources and their biogeochemical processes, which are due to the rapi...
Helium, as a strategic resource with broad applications in industry and science, has drawn increasing global attention due to its scarcity and non-renewable nature. Noble gas isotopes, especially those of helium, neon, and argon, provide unique geoch...
The effects of the tensor force on the ground properties of Zr isotopes are studied in the framework of the Skyrme–Hartree–Fock approach. It is found that the tensor force strongly affects the ground state energies and the geometric symmetry properti...
We report accurate quantum calculations of the sieving of Helium atoms by two-dimensional (2D) graphtriyne layers with a new interaction potential. Thermal rate constants and permeances in an ample temperature range are computed and compared for both...
This study used stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes as natural tracers to investigate their isotopic composition in precipitation, and in shallow and deep groundwater in the Penghu Islands in the Taiwan Strait. We aimed to understand the differences...
Groundwater is essential in the management of water resources globally. The water quality of aquifers is affected by climate change and population growth, aspects that can be addressed with stable isotope analysis. This study aims to carry out an ana...
Food choices affect the isotopic composition of the body with each food item leaving its distinct isotopic imprint. The common view is that the natural abundance of the stable isotopes of nitrogen (expressed as δ15N) is higher in animals than i...
Diverse isotopes such as 2H, 3He, 10Be, 11C and 14C occur in nuclear reactions in ion beam radiotherapy, in cosmic ray shielding, or are intentionally accelerated in dating techniques. However, only a few studies have specifically addressed the biolo...
In metamorphic rocks, mineral species react over a range of pressure–temperature conditions that do not necessarily overlap. Mineral equilibration can occur at varied points along the metamorphic pressure–temperature (PT) path, and thus a...
Isotopic investigations focused on determining the mobility and provenance of ancient human civilizations and sourcing of archeological artifacts continue to gain prominence in archeology. Most studies focus on the premise that the geographic variati...
Stable isotopes in natural water bodies serve as hydrologic tracers, with a history of extensive application in karst groundwater research. The present paper is a systematic review of previous research results, with the objective of sorting out and s...
The current study presents Ag isotopic values of 45 silver artifacts with known Pb isotopic composition from the Southern Levant. These items originate from seven pre-coinage silver hoards, dating from the Middle Bronze Age IIC to the end of the Iron...
To understand the sources and migration pattern of PM2.5 in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), China, the total carbon (TC) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations and the corresponding stable isotope ratios (δ13CTC and δ15NTN) were determined...
In terms of isotopic technologies, it is essential to be able to produce materials with an enriched isotopic abundance (i.e., a compound isotopic labelled with 2H, 13C, 6Li, 18O or 37Cl), which is one that differs from natural abundance. The isotopic...
Nitrate (NO3−) is a prominent atmospheric pollutant and a key chemical constituent of snow and ice, which plays a crucial role in the atmosphere and significantly impacts regional climate and environment conditions through a series of complex c...
Compound-specific stable isotope analysis (CSIA) is an efficient method for source apportionment and the identification of the transformation process in organic compounds. However, most studies of CSIA are still limited to laboratory experiments. Few...
The year 2017 was anomalously warm and dry across the whole Italian Peninsula, and the paucity of precipitation was emphasized during the extreme summer drought of the main Italian river, i.e., the Po river, which was characterized by a discharge per...
The isotopic composition of precipitation provides insight into the origin of water vapor, and the conditions attained during condensation and precipitation. Thus, the spatial variation of oxygen and hydrogen stable isotope composition (δp) and...
Travertine deposits in Deir Alla, Suwayma, and Az Zara areas were investigated. Mineralogy, geochemistry, stable isotopes and age dating indicate the presence of low-Mg calcite, with minor quartz components. The variable isotope (δ13C and δ18O) signa...
Sulfate and nitrate are important components of atmospheric PM2.5, which is the main contributor of haze. Therefore, studying the sources and formation mechanisms of atmospheric sulfate and nitrate is very important for the prevention and control of...
Altitude is one of the important factors influencing the spatial distribution of precipitation, especially in a complex topography, and simulations of isotope-enabled climate models can be improved by altitude correlation. Here we compiled isotope ob...
We present the lead isotopic composition of ceramic fragments from the Kyrenia shipwreck (Cyprus), selected from three chemical groups related to the Rhodes and Alimos regions (Greece). Fragments of the lead sheathing covering the ship’s hull and bio...
This study presents isotopic compositions and their vertical profile of meteoric and surface water samples collected in the Southern Himalaya since 2015, with elevations extending all the way up to Mt. Everest’s summit. The data covering a wide...
Xanthohumol (XN), isoxanthohumol (IX) and 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN) are important prenylflavonoids present in hops with potential beneficial properties. In this study, we examined differences in the content of XN, IX and 8-PN in hops and beer produce...
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