134,409 Results Found

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, which mainly include malignancies of the esophagus, stomach, intestine, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, and bile duct, pose a significant global health burden. Unfortunately, the prognosis for most GI cancers remains poor...

Poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) have demonstrated antitumor activity in cancers with a homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) and have recently been approved by the FDA for the treatment of germline BRCA1/2-mutat...

Retinal neurodevelopment, vascularization, homeostasis, and stress response are influenced by factors such as nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and erythropoietin (EPO). As retinopathy of...

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a multifactorial disease involving complex genetic and environmental factors interactions. Gene-gene and gene-environment interactions associated with PCa in Chinese men are less studied. We explored the association between 3...

The importance of gene conversion for the evolution of gene families is reviewed. Four problems concerning gene conversion, i.e., concerted evolution, generation of useful variation, deleterious effects, and relation to neofunctionalization, are disc...

The evolutionary impact of gene duplication events has been a theme of Drosophila genetics dating back to the Morgan School. While considerable attention has been placed on the genetic novelties that duplicates are capable of introducing, and the rol...

The reasons for selecting a gene for further study might vary from historical momentum to funding availability, thus leading to unequal attention distribution among all genes. However, certain biological features tend to be overlooked in evaluating a...

Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs) are a unique population of cells, capable of reconstituting the blood system of an organism through orchestrated self-renewal and differentiation. They play a pivotal role in stem cell therapies, both autologous and al...

Drug interactions are a well-known cause of adverse drug events, and drug interaction databases can help the clinician to recognize and avoid such interactions and their adverse events. However, not every interaction leads to an adverse drug event. T...

Characterizing the mechanisms of duplicate gene retention using phylogenetic methods requires models that are consistent with different biological processes. The interplay between complex biological processes and necessarily simpler statistical model...

Gene conversion contributes to gene copy number changes, DNA mutations, and functional innovation and has been widely reported in three domains of life. However, it has hardly been described in Aspergillus, including industrially and commercially imp...

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited monogenic disorder, amenable to gene-based therapies. Because CF lung disease is currently the major cause of mortality and morbidity, and the lung airway is readily accessible to gene delivery, the major CF gene...

Tens of thousands of chimeric RNAs, i.e., RNAs with sequences of two genes, have been identified in human cells. Most of them are formed by two neighboring genes on the same chromosome and are considered to be derived via transcriptional readthrough,...

Asians are more susceptible to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and its coronary heart disease (CHD) complications than the Western populations, possibly due to genetic factors, higher degrees of obesity, insulin resistance, and endothelial dysfunction...

There are many co-regulated genes in eukaryotic cells. The coordinated activation or repression of such genes occurs at specific stages of differentiation, or under the influence of external stimuli. As a rule, co-regulated genes are dispersed in the...

Chromosomal rearrangement and genome instability are common features of cancer cells in human. Consequently, gene duplication and gene fusion events are frequently observed in human malignancies and many of the products of these events are pathogenic...

Rhabdomyosarcoma is subclassified by the presence or absence of a recurrent chromosome translocation that fuses the FOXO1 and PAX3 or PAX7 genes. The fusion protein (FOXO1-PAX3/7) retains both binding domains and becomes a novel and potent transcript...

Genome-wide expression study is a powerful genomic technology to quantify expression dynamics of genes in a genome. In gene expression study, gene set analysis has become the first choice to gain insights into the underlying biology of diseases or st...

Hereditary anemia has various manifestations, such as sickle cell disease (SCD), Fanconi anemia, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDD), and thalassemia. The available management strategies for these disorders are still unsatisfactory a...

Cytosine methylation contributes to the regulation of gene expression and normal hematopoiesis in mammals. It is catalyzed by the family of DNA methyltransferases that include DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B. Peripheral T–cell lymphomas (PTCLs) repre...

Nanotheranostics—where nanoscale materials serve both diagnostic and therapeutic functions—are rapidly transforming gene therapy by tackling critical delivery challenges. This review explores the design and engineering of various nanopart...

The growing volume and complexity of gene expression data necessitate biologically meaningful and statistically robust methods for feature selection to enhance the effectiveness of disease diagnosis systems. The present study addresses this challenge...

In this manuscript, we use an exactly solvable stochastic binary model for the regulation of gene expression to analyze the dynamics of response to a treatment aiming to modulate the number of transcripts of a master regulatory switching gene. The ch...

The functional gene is a product of functional information expression methods inspired by biological genes. Product innovation design is essentially a process of functional problem-solving, which has an intrinsic connection with biological gene expre...

A vast amount of literature has confirmed the role of gene-environment (G×E) interaction in the etiology of complex human diseases. Traditional methods are predominantly focused on the analysis of interaction between a single nucleotide polymorphism...

A critical step for gene selection algorithms using rough set theory is the establishment of a gene evaluation function to assess the classification ability of candidate gene subsets. The concept of dependency in a classic neighborhood rough set mode...

This commentary is written in response to the recent article from Herring et al., discussing the eradication of the offensive term “retardation” from gene nomenclature. We discuss the work of the HUGO (Human Genome Organisation) Gene Nome...

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common inherited cause of autism and intellectual disability. The majority of FXS cases are caused by transcriptional repression of the FMR1 gene due to epigenetic changes that are not recapitulated in current ani...

Cellulose is the world’s most abundant renewable energy resource, and a variety of cellulose synthase genes are involved in the biosynthesis of cellulose. In the process of cellulose synthesis, all cellulose synthases are interrelated and act synergi...

Identifying genes associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is crucial for understanding the underlying mechanisms of the disorder. However, ASD is a complex condition involving multiple mechanisms, and this has resulted in an unclear understand...

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive form of brain cancer, with a dismal prognosis and extremely low percentage of survivors. Novel therapies are in dire need to improve the clinical management of these tumors and extend patient survival. Geneti...

Effective regulation of gene-edited products and resolution of public concerns are the prerequisites for the industrialization of gene-edited crops and their derived foods. CRISPR-associated protein, the core element of the CRISPR system, requires to...

WD40 repeat (WDR) proteins are pleiotropic molecular hubs. We identify a WDR gene that is a conserved genomic neighbor of a chitin synthase gene in Ascomycetes. The WDR gene is unique to fungi and plants, and was called Fungal Plant WD (FPWD). FPWD i...

Despite the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) ban on gene doping in the context of advancements in gene therapy, the risk of EPO gene-based doping among athletes is still present. To address this and similar risks, gene-doping tests are being developed...

Gene relocation from the residual genomes of organelles to the nuclear genome still continues, although as a scaled down evolutionary phenomenon, limited in occurrence mostly to protists (sensu lato) and land plants. During this process, the structur...

Parthenocarpy and male sterility are highly desirable traits in tomato breeding and molecular study. The stamen carpelloid mutant generally displays male sterility. A natural mutant displaying carpelloid stamen and parthenocarpy (csp) was identified...

The highly conserved Sal1 encodes a bifunctional enzyme with inositol polyphosphate-1-phosphatase and 3′ (2′), 5′-bisphosphate nucleotidase activity and has been shown to alter abiotic stress tolerance in plants when disrupted. Prec...

In this study, we investigate how drugs systemically affect genes via pathways by integrating information from interactions between chemical compounds and molecular expression datasets, and from pathway information such as gene sets using mathematica...

Background/Objectives: Sickle cell disease (SCD) and β-thalassemia are autosomal recessive disorders of erythroid cells due to gene mutations occurring at the level of the β-globin gene. The severe forms of these hemoglobinopathies observed...

Gene or genome editing, often known as GE, is a technique utilized to modify, eliminate, or substitute a mutated gene at the DNA level. It serves as a valuable tool in the field of genetic manipulation. Gene therapy (GT) is a therapeutic approach tha...

The cellular transport process of DNA is hampered by cell membrane barriers, and hence, a delivery vehicle is essential for realizing the potential benefits of gene therapy to combat a variety of genetic diseases. Virus-based vehicles are effective,...

Inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous degenerative disorders. To date, mutations have been associated with IRDs in over 270 disease genes, but molecular diagnosis still remains elusive in about a...

The GH3 gene family plays a vital role in the phytohormone-related growth and developmental processes. The effects of allopolyploidization on GH3 gene structures and expression levels have not been reported. In this study, a total of 38, 25, and 66 G...

Novel genome editing and transient gene therapies have been developed the past ten years, resulting in the first in-human clinical trials for monogenic disorders. Syndromic autism spectrum disorders can be caused by mutations in a single gene. Given...

Sporisorium scitamineum is a biotrophic fungus responsible for sugarcane smut disease. To investigate the key genes involved in S. scitamineum infection, we conducted RNA sequencing of sugarcane sprouts inoculated with S. scitamineum teliospores. A w...

Bone is the most frequent organ for breast cancer metastasis, and thus it is essential to predict the bone metastasis of breast cancer. In our work, we constructed a gene dependency network based on the hypothesis that the relation between one gene a...

Background: The Niemann–Pick C2 (NPC2) gene family plays an important role in olfactory communication, immune response, and the recognition of host plants associated with environmental adaptation for insects. Methods: In this study, we conducte...

Angiosperm genomes differ from those of mammals by extensive and recursive polyploidizations. The resulting gene duplication provides opportunities both for genetic innovation, and for concerted evolution. Though most genes may escape conversion by t...

Rice is a vital component in the diets of many people worldwide, supplying necessary calories for subsistence. Nevertheless, the yield of this crucial agricultural crop is consistently hindered by a range of biotic stresses. Out of these, rice blast,...

Despite the great success of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in ameliorating the course of HIV infection, alternative therapeutic approaches are being pursued because of practical problems associated with life-long therapy. The eradicati...