Search Results (1,547)

Construction safety texts are commonly used only for descriptive statistical analysis, and systematic approaches for uncovering latent semantic risk correlations remain limited. In particular, risk identification and prioritization under unlabeled conditions remain challenging. To address this issue, this study proposes a semantic risk association and ranking framework based on Sentence-BERT (SBERT). First, a domain-specific keyword library is constructed, and representative risk terms are extracted through tokenization, stop-word removal, and TF-IDF weighting. A fine-tuned SBERT model is then employed to generate sentence embeddings. FAISS-based similarity search is applied to match safety inspection records with historical accident reports, enabling automatic identification and ranking of the most relevant accident types. In addition, a seven-day inspection window is introduced to capture the temporal accumulation effect of hazards and support risk assessment without explicit labels. Experiments conducted on 1368 accident reports and 484 inspection records show that the proposed framework achieves an accuracy of 0.75, a recall of 1.00, and an F1-score of 0.8571. Cross-project validation yields an F1-score of 0.5607, and the performance remains stable under 10% noise interference. The results demonstrate that the proposed semantic risk association and ranking framework is effective and robust for practical construction safety management. Full article

To address the challenges of low accuracy and poor robustness in industrial crayfish weight estimation caused by variable postures, this paper proposes a lightweight method that integrates pose awareness. First, a multi-task perception model, Crayfish-YOLO, is developed based on the YOLOv8s-Seg framework. By reconstructing the backbone with MobileNetV3 and integrating Coordinate Attention (CA), CARAFE upsampling, and the Wise Intersection over Union (Wise-IoU) loss function, the model is significantly compressed while enhancing its ability to output high-fidelity pixel-level masks and pose categories. Second, a pose-adaptive weight estimation strategy is proposed, which leverages perceived pose information to dynamically invoke the optimal regression model from a pre-constructed heterogeneous model library. Using seven core geometric features extracted from the segmentation masks, the system achieves precise weight estimation. Experimental results on a self-built dataset show that Crayfish-YOLO reduces parameters by 75.2% compared to YOLOv8s-Seg, while core segmentation accuracy (mAP_50~95 (Seg)) improves by 1.1%. The integrated end-to-end system achieves a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 2.1 g and a mean coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.92, significantly outperforming comparative algorithms. This research provides an efficient visual perception and estimation solution for the automated grading of crayfish and similar non-rigid aquatic products. Full article

To address the efficiency and cost limitations of traditional manual cataloging, this study proposes a large language model-driven automated cataloging workflow in which the Metadata Extraction Agent (MEA), Description Cataloging Agent (DCA), Subject Analysis & Indexing Agent (SAIA), and Quality Control Agent (QCA) collaborate to perform cataloging tasks. Experiments are conducted using a dataset of over 33,000 CNMARC bibliographic records from a University Library, together with data from the Chinese Library Classification (5th edition). Meanwhile, the agent-based workflow framework directly employs large language models without additional enhancement techniques, thereby providing a useful experimental benchmark for evaluating future AI-assisted cataloging systems. The results show that the framework performs well in metadata recognition, bibliographic description, and macro-level classification tasks, and can relatively stably generate standardized records. However, limitations remain in fine-grained semantic indexing and the interpretation of complex contexts. Therefore, in light of the capability limitations revealed by the experimental results, the study argues that fully automated end-to-end cataloging relying solely on generative AI is not yet entirely feasible. Future improvements should integrate techniques such as retrieval-augmented generation, supervised fine-tuning, and structured reasoning prompts, while establishing traceable mechanisms to enhance the reliability of intelligent cataloging. Full article

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a biologically targeted, high–linear energy transfer radiotherapy that selectively delivers cytotoxic α-particles to boron-loaded tumor cells and has re-emerged with the development of hospital-compatible accelerator neutron sources and improved boron carriers. We performed a structured literature review of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library through October 2025 to summarize the radiobiological rationale, boron delivery strategies, and clinical outcomes of BNCT in glioblastoma (GBM) and other high-grade central nervous system tumors. Eligible clinical and translational studies were screened independently, and data on patient populations, boron agents, neutron source technologies, dosimetry, survival, response, and toxicity were extracted. Contemporary series and phase II trials indicate that BNCT is technically feasible and generally well tolerated, with encouraging survival outcomes in selected newly diagnosed and recurrent GBM, meaningful activity in recurrent high-grade meningiomas, and acceptable safety in limited pediatric cohorts. Current practice relies primarily on second-generation carriers such as boronophenylalanine and sodium borocaptate, while third-generation molecular and nanocarrier platforms remain in preclinical development. Overall, BNCT represents a promising high-LET, pharmacologically targeted modality for heavily pretreated and radioresistant CNS tumors, and ongoing prospective studies are needed to define its comparative effectiveness and optimal integration into patient care. Full article

Background and Objectives: Dental implant placement in grafted alveolar cleft sites has become an integral component of comprehensive cleft rehabilitation. However, survival outcomes vary across studies, and temporal trends in clinical performance have not been systematically quantified. This review aimed to evaluate implant survival in grafted alveolar cleft patients and to compare outcomes between early and modern treatment eras. Materials and Methods: A systematic search of the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Wiley databases was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Clinical studies reporting implant survival in grafted alveolar cleft sites with a minimum follow-up of 12 months were included. Data extraction encompassed implant survival, timing of placement, grafting protocols, and reported causes of failure. For temporal comparison, studies were stratified into an early era (1997–2008) and a modern era (2010–2026). Weighted pooled survival rates were calculated, and differences between proportions were assessed using a two-proportion Z-test (p < 0.05). Results: 18 studies met the inclusion criteria, representing 1561 implants placed in grafted alveolar cleft sites. Overall reported survival ranged from 80% to 100%. Weighted pooled survival increased from 91.2% (95% CI: 87.9–94.5) in early studies to 94.2% (95% CI: 92.9–95.5) in modern cohorts, demonstrating a statistically significant 3.0% absolute improvement (p = 0.038). Implant failures occurred predominantly during the early osseointegration phase and were commonly associated with insufficient graft volume or inadequate primary stability. Late biological complications were infrequently reported. Conclusions: When appropriate bone reconstruction, healing, and multidisciplinary coordination are achieved, implant therapy represents a reliable component of comprehensive cleft care. Further prospective studies with standardized protocols and long-term follow-up are needed to strengthen evidence-based recommendations. Full article

This review examines the historical development, ethnopharmacology, traditional applications, phytochemistry, and pharmacological attributes of Atractylodis Rhizoma (AR). Data were collected from a range of electronic databases, academic libraries, and classical literature. In China, AR is highly valued for its medicinal properties. Research has identified 327 compounds, including sesquiterpenes, triterpenes, flavonoids, and phenolics, which contribute to its diverse pharmacological activities, such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective effects. AR is particularly effective in treating modern gastrointestinal disorders and influenza. As a traditional herb with a rich historical background, AR exhibits significant therapeutic potential. This review aims to correlate its active components with its primary therapeutic effects and highlight existing research gaps. Current studies primarily focus on extraction methods and pharmacodynamics. Future research should employ multi-omics and molecular biology techniques to further elucidate active components and their targets, while also addressing the challenge of low bioavailability. Full article

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is widely used in orthopedics and sports medicine as an autologous product; however, substantial heterogeneity in manufacture and incomplete reporting of preparation parameters limits reproducibility and inter-study comparability.: We performed a PRISMA-guided methodological review of studies describing PRP preparation, subsequently focusing on orthopedic applications. MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched. 7330 records were retrieved; following merging and de-duplication, more than 2500 unique records were screened. The inclusion criteria for our study required studies on PRP that focused on orthopedic use of this preparation and studies that reported a defined methodology for PRP, reported in the abstract or in the manuscript. Extracted variables covered collection and anticoagulation, centrifugation strategy, cellular composition, activation/lysis, processing environment, storage, and time-to-use. Twenty-three orthopedic studies met the inclusion criteria. Whole blood draw volume and anticoagulant were reported in 15/23 studies each; centrifugation parameters (relative centrifugal force/RPM and duration) in 12/23; and PRP phenotype (e.g., leukocyte-poor vs. leukocyte-rich) in 15/23. Platelet metrics (baseline and/or final platelet count/concentration) were reported in 6/23. Sterility/environmental controls were mentioned in 17/23, whereas storage conditions and time-to-use were described in only 3/23. An explicit exogenous activation agent was reported on 1/23. Orthopedic PRP studies frequently omit critical manufacturing and handling descriptors—particularly platelet dose, leukocyte/lymphocyte handling, temperature control, storage/freezing conditions, and time-to-administration—impairing reproducibility and dose comparability. We propose a pragmatic, standardized protocol for preparation of leucocyte/lymphocyte-depleted PRP for orthopedic use (PRP only, without gelification), together with a minimum set of data and parameters to be evaluated. In our opinion these parameters should be included in future studies in order to standardize the production process. The quality of PRP itself could be impacted by such standardization, and the ability to objectively evaluate the results of studies could be enhanced by facilitating the comparison of data emerging from the literature. Full article

Objectives: This systematic review evaluated the clinical performance and survival of adhesive attachments used as retention elements for removable partial dentures (RPDs) and analyzed associated biological and technical complications. Methods: A systematic electronic search was conducted in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase in August 2025. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, prospective or retrospective clinical studies, and case series with at least 10 patients and a minimum 6-month follow-up. The primary outcome was attachment survival; secondary outcomes included biological and technical complications. Two reviewers independently performed screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Due to high heterogeneity, results were analyzed descriptively. This review was prospectively registered (PROSPERO registration number CRD420251116027) and conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Results: Of 5514 records identified, five longitudinal clinical studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Sample sizes ranged from 10 to 123 patients, with follow-up periods between 3 and 270 months. Reported attachment survival ranged from 96% at one year to 61% at 15 years. Technical complications, mainly debonding, occurred in 9% to 18.5% of cases, while biological complications such as caries or abutment fractures were infrequent. All studies were rated as poor-quality owing to missing control groups and incomplete outcome reporting. Conclusions: Within the limitations of the available evidence, adhesive attachments represent a potential option as an invisible retention element for removable prostheses. However, the available findings are based on a limited number of studies with methodological limitations and therefore represent low-certainty evidence. While some studies suggest favorable short-term performance, long-term survival appears to be limited. Debonding was the most frequently reported technical complication, highlighting the technique sensitivity of adhesive cementation. Further well-designed comparative clinical studies with larger sample sizes are required to better clarify their long-term efficacy and clinical indications within removable prosthodontics. Full article

Soft tissue sarcomas are rare malignant mesenchymal tumors for which accurate diagnosis, prognostic stratification, and therapeutic decision-making remain challenging. Although histopathology and immunohistochemistry are essential diagnostic tools, they frequently fail to capture the molecular complexity underlying tumor aggressiveness and treatment resistance. In this study, we evaluated the utility of RNA-based next-generation sequencing for the molecular characterization of STS and for elucidating transcriptomic mechanisms associated with aggressive tumor behavior. An observational cohort of 24 patients with histologically confirmed soft tissue sarcomas was analyzed, using adipose and skeletal muscle tissue as controls. RNA was extracted from tumor samples, libraries were prepared with a targeted pan-cancer panel, and sequencing was performed on the Illumina platform, followed by bioinformatic analysis using DRAGEN pipelines and DESeq2. RNA-NGS identified a predominance of single-nucleotide polymorphisms and significant differential gene expression, with overexpression of proliferation-related genes (TOP2A, MKI67, BUB1B), extracellular matrix and microenvironment-associated genes (COL11A1, SPP1), and developmental regulators (HOXD13, MELK). Subgroup analysis revealed a distinct transcriptomic profile in leiomyosarcoma, while gene fusion analysis detected clinically relevant alterations. These findings demonstrate that RNA-NGS provides biologically and clinically meaningful insights into the molecular landscape of soft tissue sarcomas and supports its integration into precision medicine-oriented diagnostic workflows. Full article

Background/Objectives: Tenosynovial giant cell tumours (TGCT) are a group of mesenchymal tumours involving the synovium, bursae, and tendon sheaths, comprising two subtypes: nodular and diffuse. Although predominantly benign, diffuse forms can be locally aggressive, resulting in bone destruction. The pathogenesis of TGCTs is still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to systematically review the current literature on the factors, mechanisms, and markers involved in TGCT disease, focussing on their potential role in bone destruction. Methods: This systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA guidelines. A search was performed using PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library, and all original scientific research into mechanisms/pathways/signalling involving TGCTs was included. Results: After the review process, 51 studies were included for data extraction. Extracted data included authorship, publication year, patient numbers and aetiology (nTGCT/dTGCT), demographics, investigative methods, and studied biological factors, mechanisms, and markers. Cross-tabulation of reported elements revealed 159 unique factors, with most appearing only once. Eight elements were reported five or more times: CSF1, CD68, Ki-67, MMP9, CD163, TRAP, TNF-α, and IL-1β. Although representing just 5% of all identified factors, these appeared in 69% of the included studies, highlighting their prominence in the literature. Conclusions: Apart from the well-known osteoclastogenesis factor CSF1, inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) and monocyte–macrophage lineage makers (CD68, CD163) are signalling pathways key to TGCT disease progression and associated bone destruction. Full article

Background: The maxillary canine is the second-most frequently impacted tooth, affecting 1–3% of the population. It plays a crucial role in occlusion, facial esthetics, and arch development, making orthodontic traction the preferred approach over extraction or clinical monitoring without intervention. This systematic review aimed to identify the factors associated with the duration of orthodontic traction for impacted maxillary canines and to evaluate their influence. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and grey literature following PRISMA guidelines. Traction duration was defined as follows: (A) time from traction initiation to alignment; (B) time to cusp emergence; and (C) time to appliance removal. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2 and ROBINS-I v2. Results: Out of 1156 initial studies, 43 were included in qualitative analysis and 24 in quantitative analysis. The pooled mean treatment duration was 43.13 months (95% CI: 32.50–53.77; I² = 99.6%) for definition A, 44.81 months (95% CI: 23.28–66.34; I² = 99.8%) for definition B, and 87.48 months (95% CI: 69.80–106.07) for definition C. Alpha angle, vertical height, and sector were the most frequently reported factors, potentially influencing traction duration. Meta-regression showed a significant association between mean patient age and treatment duration for definition B (β = −8.168, 95% CI: −15.299 to −1.037; p = 0.025), whereas no significant associations were observed for definition A. Heterogeneity across studies was high, and most non-randomized studies showed moderate to serious risk of bias, while randomized trials presented some concerns. Conclusions: Patient- and treatment-related factors, including higher alpha angle, greater vertical height, and more midline positioning, appear to influence traction duration. Despite variability across studies, these findings provide valuable insights for clinical practice. Full article

Background: Nudging has become a prominent approach for influencing secure digital behavior, yet its theoretical coherence and long-term effectiveness remain unclear. Objectives: This systematic review examines how the “nudging paradigm” is interpreted and operationalized in cybersecurity research and evaluates the short-term effectiveness and durability of nudging interventions on user behavior. Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we searched Scopus, APA PsycInfo, IEEE Xplore, and the ACM Digital Library using the query “(cybersecurity OR security) AND nudg*”. We included peer-reviewed empirical studies that explicitly self-identified their intervention as a “nudge” within a digital security context. Two reviewers independently screened records and extracted data. Studies were classified by cybersecurity domain, nudge type, and functional mechanism. Risk of bias was assessed descriptively using a behavior-analytic quality lens focusing on ecological validity, outcome type, and temporal scope. Results were synthesized narratively and descriptively at the study level. Results: Sixty-five studies (2012–December 2025) met inclusion criteria. Most focused on password security and privacy/data security. Informational/feedback nudges predominated, followed by default/design, framing, and social nudges. Many studies reported significant short-term behavioral effects, particularly when interventions embedded response-contingent feedback or altered response effort via protective defaults. Effects were most consistent for direct behavioral outcomes (e.g., password strength, clicks, configuration choices). Only one study met the criterion of post-withdrawal follow-up (≥2 weeks), and it did not demonstrate sustained maintenance of secure behavior once prompts and interface support were fully removed. Limitations: Evidence is constrained by heterogeneous designs, frequent reliance on short online experiments, limited ecological validity, and the near absence of post-withdrawal follow-ups. Interpretation: Nudging in cybersecurity reliably produces short-term improvements when interventions modify immediate contingencies of action. However, the literature does not currently provide empirical tests of durable behavior change under full withdrawal conditions. Future research should integrate consequence-based design, assess maintenance after withdrawal, and test generalization across contexts. Full article

Background and Purpose: The effects of B-vitamin combinations on the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke, remain controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) over three decades to evaluate the association between B-vitamin combinations and mortality and arterial thrombotic outcomes. Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched for RCTs with minimal duration over 24 months published between January 1996 and November 2025. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool. Random-effects models were used in this meta-analysis to calculate pooled risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Thirteen randomized trials enrolling 68,363 participants across both primary and secondary prevention populations were included. B-vitamin combinations were associated with a nonsignificant reduction in stroke and 3-point major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (stroke: RR 0.91, 95% CI 0.81–1.04; MACE: RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.86–1.01). No significant effects were observed for all-cause mortality (RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.96–1.06), cardiovascular mortality (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.88–1.07), or MI (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.91–1.03). In primary prevention populations, B-vitamin combinations were associated with significant reductions in stroke (RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.68–0.93) and MACE (RR 0.80, 95% CI 0.69–0.92). A modest reduction in MACE was also observed in secondary prevention populations (RR 0.91, 95% CI 0.83–0.99). Between-study heterogeneity was minimal to low for ischemic outcomes, supporting the robustness of these estimates, whereas substantial heterogeneity was observed for mortality outcomes in secondary prevention populations. Conclusions: The evidence is limited by heterogeneity in trial populations, vitamin formulations and doses, and outcome definitions, with substantial between-study inconsistency for mortality outcomes and imprecision in subgroup estimates derived from a small number of contributing trials. Overall, B-vitamin combinations do not confer consistent benefit for major cardiovascular outcomes but may reduce stroke and MACE in selected primary prevention populations, suggesting that baseline cardiovascular risk and regional folic acid fortification modify treatment effects and should guide future trial design and clinical use. Full article

Background: Periodontitis is a highly prevalent chronic inflammatory disease characterized by a complex host–microbe interaction and modulated by systemic regulatory pathways, including stress-related neuroendocrine and immunological mechanisms. Mind–body movement-based interventions such as yoga, tai chi, and qigong have demonstrated beneficial effects on stress and inflammation in general medicine, yet their relevance for periodontal health has not been systematically mapped. Methods: A scoping review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Eligibility criteria included studies conducted in adult human participants examining mind–body movement-based interventions in relation to periodontal health. Sources of evidence comprised peer-reviewed studies identified through systematic searches in CINAHL, BIOSIS, Embase, PubMed/MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and LIVIVO. Data were charted using a standardized extraction form capturing key study characteristics and outcomes. Eligible studies reported clinical periodontal parameters and/or biological or psychosocial outcomes related to stress or inflammation. Results: Eleven studies investigating mind–body movement-based interventions and periodontal health were included. Interventions comprised yoga, pranayama, tai chi, and qigong, with study designs ranging from one randomized controlled trial to non-randomized interventional and observational studies. Most studies reported clinical periodontal parameters and/or periodontal-related biological markers, including inflammatory, oxidative, and immune markers, and several also assessed stress-related outcomes. The interventions were applied both as adjuncts to conventional periodontal therapy and as stand-alone approaches. Overall, the included studies reported short-term changes in periodontal parameters and stress-related measures that were generally directed towards associated with improvement; however, long-term periodontal outcomes were rarely assessed. Conclusions: Mind–body movement-based interventions, such as yoga and pranayama, have been examined in relation to periodontal health, with studies reporting periodontal clinical parameters, biological markers, and stress-related outcomes. The available evidence is heterogeneous and largely limited to short-term observations. Further methodologically rigorous studies with standardized outcome measures and longer follow-up periods are needed to better characterize the relationship between mind–body interventions and their potential adjunctive relevance in periodontal care, as current evidence does not allow conclusions regarding their routine adjunctive use. Full article

Background/Objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects almost 800 million people worldwide. Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death in this population. Although physical activity is fundamental to systemic health, the evidence regarding its impact on the clinical outcomes of CKD populations is inconclusive. This protocol outlines the methodology for a systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at evaluating the association between physical activity and intensity and all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular disease. Methods: This protocol adheres to PRISMA-P and Cochrane Handbook guidelines and has been registered with PROSPERO (CRD420261302904). A systematic search will be conducted in MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library until June 2026. Studies estimating the association between physical activity and all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality and cardiovascular disease in populations with CKD will be included. Two independent reviewers will perform study selection, data extraction and quality assessment using the Study Quality Assessment Tool from the United States National Institute of Health tool. The certainty of the evidence will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation tool. Narrative synthesis and random-effects meta-analysis will be conducted to calculate pooled effect estimates. Random-effects meta-analyses will be performed according to the level of physical activity, and meta-regressions will be used to control for the association with major covariates. Ethical approval is not required for this study. Results: The results will provide a comprehensive synthesis of the evidence regarding the use of physical activity as a non-pharmacological intervention to modify CKD progression. Conclusions: The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and international conferences. Full article