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579,309 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
5,466 Views
21 Pages

23 March 2023

The construction of tourist attractions has become an important manifestation of local performance and the image of tourist destinations, as well as an important means for local governments to promote economic development. However, the causal relatio...

  • Article
  • Open Access
788 Views
15 Pages

13 October 2025

This article estimates the impact of a policy change on an event probability in a difference-in-differences hazard model using four estimators. We examine the error distributions of the estimators via a simulation experiment with twelve different sce...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,148 Views
20 Pages

8 February 2024

This paper investigates the impact of environmental courts on pollution abatement at the city level, utilizing the establishment of environmental courts in China as a quasi-experiment. A spatial difference-in-differences model is employed to control...

  • Article
  • Open Access
32 Citations
5,633 Views
22 Pages

5 September 2022

Talent is an important strategic resource for regional economic development. Based on the background of “the talent war” that has broken out between various cities in recent years, this study empirically verified the influence of the tale...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
5,950 Views
17 Pages

5 December 2021

The development of a difference-in-differences estimator is a new move in patent policy evaluation research. However, such an estimator neglects the possibility that academic patent activities follow a spatial autoregressive process with respect to t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,301 Views
15 Pages

A Synthetic Difference-in-Differences Approach to Assess the Impact of Shanghai’s 2022 Lockdown on Ozone Levels

  • Yumin Li,
  • Jun Wang,
  • Yuntong Fan,
  • Chuchu Chen,
  • Jaime Campos Gutiérrez,
  • Ling Huang,
  • Zhenxing Lin,
  • Siyuan Li and
  • Yu Lei

1 August 2025

Promoting sustainable development requires a clear understanding of how short-term fluctuations in anthropogenic emissions affect urban environmental quality. This is especially relevant for cities experiencing rapid industrial changes or emergency p...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
7,182 Views
13 Pages

Refund of Consumption Tax to Low-Income People: Impact Assessment Using Difference-in-Differences

  • Jorge Luis Tonetto,
  • Adelar Fochezatto and
  • Giovanni Padilha da Silva

One way to reduce inequality and poverty is to promote tax justice. In 2021, the government of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, implemented a program (the Devolve-ICMS Program) that refunds consumption tax to low-income citizens (cashback). Th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
8,146 Views
20 Pages

Facing climate risks has become a common problem for mankind and a topic of great importance for the Chinese government. To thoroughly implement the overall requirements for the construction of an ecological civilization and effectively improve the c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,682 Views
26 Pages

14 October 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic forced European Union member states to accelerate the digitalization of public services, turning a gradual policy priority into an urgent necessity. This study examines the pandemic’s impact on the digital transformation o...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,823 Views
56 Pages

Difference in Differences (DiD) is a useful statistical technique employed by researchers to estimate the effects of exogenous events on the outcome of some response variables in random samples of treated units (i.e., units exposed to the event) idea...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
8,308 Views
20 Pages

16 January 2024

As a major destination of waste products, China implemented the National Sword Policy (NSP) to regulate the high pollution of waste imports. The existing literature primarily focuses on the motivations behind China’s waste imports and the polic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,435 Views
14 Pages

27 December 2024

Introduction: Adolescent smoking can lead to various health problems including atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease, making it more difficult to quit smoking during adulthood. This study aims to evaluate the effect of the ordinance by assessing...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
8,633 Views
23 Pages

It is now almost impossible to deal with spatial data without considering some explicit specification that captures possible spatial effects. One valuable feature of spatial econometrics models is their decomposition of marginal effects into spatial...

  • Article
  • Open Access
41 Citations
7,049 Views
18 Pages

The carbon emission trading system (CETS) is an important market-oriented policy tool for the Chinese government to solve the problem of high emissions and achieve the growth of green total factor productivity (GTFP). This study makes up for the negl...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,167 Views
14 Pages

In dual-wavelength free-space optical communication systems, the wavefront distortion differences caused by the wavelength difference of the signal and beacon lights cannot be completely corrected. In this study, according to the method of geometric...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
802 Views
38 Pages

4 November 2025

The rapid development of new-generation information technologies, such as cloud computing, artificial intelligence, big data, and blockchain, is profoundly reshaping production and lifestyles, with regional development patterns. This study employs te...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,445 Views
20 Pages

30 May 2023

Utilizing panel data from 264 prefecture-level cities in mainland China between 2009 and 2017, this study employs a multi-period difference-in-differences model and propensity score matching to assess the effects of county-to-district transformation...

  • Article
  • Open Access
991 Views
30 Pages

In the context of rising investor interest in Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) benchmarks, this study examines whether first-time inclusion in Thailand’s ESG100 index improves firm performance. Performance is measured along three dim...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,210 Views
14 Pages

1 June 2022

The investment in Major Construction Projects (MCPs) has a counter-cyclical impact on quantitative GDP increases during the recession period. However, its impact on the quality of economic growth is still unknown. Based on the data of prefecture-leve...

  • Article
  • Open Access
55 Citations
9,131 Views
13 Pages

The number of elderly Internet users has increased significantly in the past few years. However, the impact of Internet use on mental health remains unclear. In this study, we performed a difference-in-differences analysis using data from the 2016 an...

  • Article
  • Open Access
881 Views
17 Pages

The Causal Relationship Between Long-Term Exposure to Major PM2.5 Constituents and the Rate of Emergency Department Visits: A Difference-in-Differences Study

  • Peizhen Zhao,
  • Chenxi Xie,
  • Shenghao Wang,
  • Shao Lin,
  • Guanghui Dong,
  • Jiashun Li,
  • Sen Yu,
  • Ting Zhang,
  • Xiaozhou Yu and
  • Wangjian Zhang
  • + 4 authors

12 November 2025

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a well-established health hazard, yet population-level causal evidence on the long-term effects of its chemical constituents and their interactions with environmental and socioeconomic factors remains scarce. This s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,906 Views
14 Pages

Service-Delivery Models to Increase the Uptake of Non-Communicable Disease Screening in South-Central Ethiopia: A Difference-In-Differences Analysis

  • Bezawit Ketema,
  • Adamu Addissie,
  • Sarah Negash,
  • Mosisa Bekele,
  • Andreas Wienke,
  • Mirgissa Kaba and
  • Eva Johanna Kantelhardt

5 November 2024

Background: Screening for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is a critical step for early detection and the prevention of consequent morbidity and mortality. To facilitate NCD screening, the Ethiopian Ministry of Health has developed screening guidelin...

  • Article
  • Open Access
36 Citations
6,897 Views
18 Pages

How to effectively identify the spatial effect of the emissions trading system(ETS) on urban green total factor productivity(GTFP) generated through the linkage of economic factors between cities is a necessary part of scientifically evaluating the e...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,649 Views
12 Pages

30 November 2022

The prevalence of undernutrition in Mexican children younger than 5 years old has been 14% since 2006. There are clinical practice guidelines for mild to moderate malnutrition in children in the Mexican health system; however, they are not applied. I...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,336 Views
19 Pages

30 May 2022

In the process of top coal caving, coal gangue particles may impact on various parts of the hydraulic support. However, at present, the contact mechanism between coal gangue and hydraulic support is not entirely clear. Therefore, this paper first con...

  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
6,775 Views
23 Pages

4 December 2022

A novel method of extracting color information on a pixel-by-pixel basis or by the average of the regions of interest (ROIs) from digital images is proposed and demonstrated using newly developed and customized image-processing/analysis software (Pic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,762 Views
26 Pages

28 November 2024

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) proposed by China in in 2013 prioritizes environmental sustainability and regional economic development from a global perspective. Although the BRI has achieved considerable economic progress in many cities and regi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
3,499 Views
21 Pages

Improving urban land green use efficiency (ULGUE) is an effective way to increase social, economic, and ecological benefits and achieve regional sustainable development goals. This study takes three batches of low-carbon pilot cities construction as...

  • Article
  • Open Access
29 Citations
7,293 Views
16 Pages

9 February 2021

Compared with traditional urbanization, new urbanization is more closely aligned with China’s basic national conditions and reflects the basic goal of sustainable development. As the main method of new urbanization, in situ urbanization can make up f...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,406 Views
27 Pages

14 April 2025

Community regeneration plays a pivotal role in creating human-centered spaces by transforming spatial configurations, enhancing multifunctional uses, and optimizing designs that promote sustainability and vibrancy. However, the influence of such rege...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,164 Views
26 Pages

Amidst the dual challenges of escalating ecological environmental pressures and economic transformation globally, green innovation emerges as a pivotal pathway toward achieving high-quality sustainable development. To elucidate how digitalization and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
6,128 Views
21 Pages

3 August 2021

Whether the new energy vehicle pilot policy (NEVPP) can achieve green innovation and emission reduction is an important exploration for China to achieve green and sustainable development. This research aims to empirically investigate the impact, impa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
4,739 Views
20 Pages

2 September 2024

The construction industry is a significant contributor to carbon emissions in China. To effectively meet the “dual carbon” targets, several provincial regions within the country started to implement policies promoting prefabricated buildi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
5,140 Views
37 Pages

22 September 2024

Based on the theory of regional innovation niches, this study calculates the resilience of regional innovation ecosystems and constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system for regional artificial intelligence development, resulting in a panel da...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
3,055 Views
24 Pages

Symmetric Difference Operator in Quantum Calculus

  • Weidong Zhao,
  • V. Rexma Sherine,
  • T. G. Gerly,
  • G. Britto Antony Xavier,
  • K. Julietraja and
  • P. Chellamani

25 June 2022

The main focus of this paper is to develop certain types of fundamental theorems using q, q(α), and h difference operators. For several higher order difference equations, we get two forms of solutions: one is closed form and another is summatio...

  • Article
  • Open Access
45 Citations
8,560 Views
10 Pages

21 March 2019

In the psychology of sustainability and the sustainable development framework, regarding the specific focus on the natural environment, the construct of connectedness to nature is studied in depth for its potential for environmental management. The p...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3,581 Views
18 Pages

25 February 2018

In the paper, we propose a novel object-oriented hierarchy radiation consistency method for dense matching of different temporal and different sensor data in the 3D reconstruction. For different temporal images, our illumination consistency method is...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
7,052 Views
21 Pages

Objective: The objective of this paper is to examine the impact of Hurricane Katrina on displaced students’ behavioral disorder. Methods: First, we determine displaced students’ likelihood of discipline infraction each year relative to non-evacuees u...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,151 Views
13 Pages

Regional Disparity in the Educational Impact of COVID-19: A Spatial Difference-in-Difference Approach

  • Dohyo Jeong,
  • Dohyeong Kim,
  • Heba Mohiuddin,
  • Seokmin Kang and
  • Sungyeun Kim

17 August 2023

The transmission of COVID-19 suddenly shifted most school classes to online lectures, and these unexpected changes often exacerbated existing imbalances by region and school. Our study used land price data as a proxy for regional wealth and empirical...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,466 Views
19 Pages

22 August 2022

Farmers’ livelihoods alter as a direct result of land transfer. This study examined the impacts of land transfer on several indicators of farmers’ livelihood capital, as well as variations in the effects of different land transfer methods...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
8,455 Views
7 Pages

Fine Motor Precision Tasks: Sex Differences in Performance with and without Visual Guidance across Different Age Groups

  • Liudmila Liutsko,
  • Ruben Muiños,
  • Josep Maria Tous Ral and
  • María José Contreras

16 January 2020

Previous studies have reported certain sex differences in motor performance precision. The aim of the present study was to analyze sex differences in fine motor precision performance for both hands under different test conditions. Fine motor tasks we...

  • Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,924 Views
37 Pages

25 March 2024

In this paper, a short review of the calculus of exact finite-differences of integer order is proposed. The finite-difference operators are called the exact finite-differences of integer orders, if these operators satisfy the same characteristic alge...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
2,565 Views
32 Pages

Differences are introduced as outputs of linear systems called differencers, being considered two classes: shift and scale-invariant. Several types are presented, namely: nabla and delta, bilateral, tempered, bilinear, stretching, and shrinking. Both...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
4,609 Views
19 Pages

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has provided a distinct opportunity to explore the mechanisms by which human activities affect air quality and pollution emissions. We conduct a quasi-difference-in-differences (DID) analysis of the impacts o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
6,300 Views
15 Pages

Impact Assessment of Seed Village Programme by Using Difference in Difference (DiD) Approach in Telangana, India

  • Gottemukkula Bhavani,
  • Middhe Sreenivasulu,
  • Ravinder V. Naik,
  • M. Jagan Mohan Reddy,
  • Ashwini S. Darekar and
  • Anugu Amarender Reddy

3 August 2022

Seed village programmes are becoming popular in developing countries due to their potential to supply of affordable seed to farmers in a timely manner. Under the programme, the profitability of seed growing farmers is important as it incentivizes the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,303 Views
18 Pages

The Effect of Small Density Differences at River Confluences

  • Erik van Rooijen,
  • Erik Mosselman,
  • Kees Sloff and
  • Wim Uijttewaal

3 November 2020

Remarkable 3D flow structures occur at river confluences with small density differences due to differences in sediment concentration or temperature. We explain these by comparing numerical simulations for an idealized confluence with aerial photograp...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,991 Views
11 Pages

21 April 2019

In this paper, we provide a formal proof of the existence of a polynomial solution of fixed degree for a second-order divided-difference equation of the hypergeometric type on non-uniform lattices, generalizing therefore previous work proving existen...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,895 Views
13 Pages

To determine whether Seoul’s dementia screening program increased the rate of diagnosis and the appropriate use of healthcare services for people with dementia, a retrospective data analysis was conducted based on administrative data from the H...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,761 Views
26 Pages

10 May 2024

Urban vitality, a multifaceted construct, is influenced by economic conditions and urban structural characteristics, and can significantly be impacted by public health emergencies. While extensive research has been conducted on urban vitality, prevai...

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