1,149 Results Found

Background: Inappropriate antibiotic use among outpatients is recognized as the primary driver of antibiotic resistance. A proper understanding of appropriate antibiotic usage and associated factors helps to determine and limit inappropriateness. We...

Many quality indicators for appropriate antibiotic use have been developed. We aimed to make a systematic inventory, including the development methodology and validation procedures, of currently available quality indicators (QIs) for appropriate anti...

The cluster randomized trial ARena (sustainable reduction of antibiotic-induced antimicrobial resistance, 2017–2020) promoted appropriate use of antibiotics for acute non-complicated infections in primary care networks (PCNs) in Germany. A proc...

The optimal use of antibiotics represents a cornerstone in controlling antibiotic resistance. Strategies such as antibiotic stewardship programs (ASPs) have been developed to influence the rational use of antibiotics. This study evaluated the appropr...

Surgical site infections (SSIs) are the most common healthcare-associated infections. The appropriate use of Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis (SAP) is a key component to reduce SSIs, while its inappropriate application is a major cause of some emergin...

To evaluate the effect that an education-based Antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) implemented in two hospitals in southern Italy had on the quality and appropriateness of antibiotic prescription. We conducted a multicenter observational study in...

(1) Background: Few studies have focused on antibiotic use and appropriateness in children in primary health institutions (PHIs). This study aimed to identify the patterns and appropriateness of antibiotic use for children in PHIs in Beijing, China....

Background: Rapid multiplex PCR assays promise faster and broader detection of uropathogens and resistance markers than conventional quantitative urine culture and susceptibility testing (C&S), but trial evidence linking PCR-guided management to...

In primary care, urinary tract infections (UTIs) account for the majority of antibiotic prescriptions. Comments from microbiologists on interpreting the antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) profile for urinalysis were made to improve the prescr...

Sepsis is a condition that requires appropriate antibiotic treatment at the emergency department (ED). Most previous studies conducted on inappropriate antibiotic use at the ED were conducted in developed countries with a low percentage of sepsis. Th...

Antibiotics account for over 10% of the overall drug expense of the National Health System in Italy in 2021. Their use in children is of particular interest on one side, because acute infections are very common in children, while they build their imm...

The Ministry of Public Health in Qatar developed the NAP (National Action Plan to combat Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) in collaboration with WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean (WHO/EMRO). Among the major factors shaping AMR is antimic...

Adequately controlling the source of infection and prescribing appropriately antibiotic therapy are the cornerstones of the management of patients with intra-abdominal infections (IAIs). Correctly classifying patients with IAIs is crucial to assessin...

This study developed a patient-level audit tool to assess the appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing in acute National Health Service (NHS) hospitals in the UK. A modified Delphi process was used to evaluate variables identified from published lit...

Asia has the largest population of any continent and the highest incidence of gastric cancer in the world, making it very important in the context of Helicobacter pylori infection. According to current guidelines, standard triple therapy containing a...

Information on the long-term effects of non-restrictive antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) strategies is scarce. We assessed the effect of a stepwise, multimodal, non-restrictive AMS programme on broad-spectrum antibiotic use in the intensive care unit...

Influenza-like illnesses (ILI) account for a significant portion of inappropriate antibiotic use. Patient expectations for antibiotics for ILI are likely to play a substantial role in ‘unnecessary’ antibiotic consumption. This study aimed...

Background: Shared decision-making (SDM) can improve appropriate antibiotic prescribing in human primary care clinics, but little is known about it in the veterinary setting. This study examines the association between SDM and antibiotic prescribing...

Background/objectives: Studies evaluating the longitudinal impact (beyond a decade) of antibiotic stewardship programs (ASPs) on the volume/quality of antibiotic prescriptions, as well as the impact on antibiotic resistance, are lacking. Since 2008,...

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a critical global health threat, necessitating the optimal use of existing antibiotics. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) principles provide a scientific framework for optimizing antimicrobial therapy, parti...

Background/Objectives: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the primary indication for antibiotic use in nursing homes (NHs); yet inappropriate prescribing, including incorrect initiation, excessive prophylactic prescribing and prolonged treatment dur...

Understanding the decision-making strategies of general practitioners (GPs) could help reduce suboptimal antibiotic prescribing. Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are the most common reason for inappropriate antibiotic prescribing in primary care,...

The antibiotic stewardship program (ASP) is a necessary part of febrile neutropenia (FN) treatment. Pharmacist-driven ASP is one of the meaningful approaches to improve the appropriateness of antibiotic usage. Our study aimed to determine role of the...

Background/Objectives: Antibiotic use is common among hospitalized pediatric patients. However, inappropriate use, including excessive use of Watch antibiotics, can contribute to antimicrobial resistance, adverse events, and increased healthcare cost...

Despite the availability of evidence-based guidelines, antibiotics for cellulitis remain inappropriately prescribed. This evidence–practice gap is more evident in low-resource settings, such as rural hospitals. This implementation study developed and...

There is scarce evidence to demonstrate the pattern of antibiotic use in children in China. We aimed to describe antibiotic prescribing practices among children in primary healthcare institutions (PHIs) in China. We described outpatient antibiotic pr...

We previously reported the 95th percentile cutoff value of the serum procalcitonin (PCT) reference curve for diagnosing early-onset bacterial infection. We aimed to verify the effectivity of these novel diagnostic criteria by comparing antibiotic use...

Timely administration of appropriate antibiotic therapy is associated with better patient outcomes and lower costs of care compared to delayed appropriate therapy, yet initial treatment is often empiric since causal pathogens are typically unknown up...

The objectives of the present study were to provide a snapshot analysis of antibiotic appropriateness in two hospitals in Southern Italy in three specific areas, surgical, medical and intensive care, and to evaluate the risk factors associated with i...

The emergence of antibiotic resistance poses a global health threat. High-risk patients such as those with neutropenia are particularly vulnerable to opportunistic infections, sepsis, and multidrug-resistant infections, and clinical outcomes remain t...

The appropriate antibiotic treatment of patients with bacterial sepsis in the intensive care unit (ICU) remains a challenge. Considering that current international guidelines recommend 7 days of antibiotic therapy as sufficient for most severe infect...

Antibiotic prophylaxis is used to decrease the bacterial load in the wound to assist the natural host defenses in preventing the occurrence of surgical site infections. The present study aimed to investigate trends in using antibiotic prophylaxis in...

Objective: Inappropriate antimicrobial prescribing in the emergency department (ED) can lead to poor outcomes. It is unknown how often the prescribing clinician is guided by others, and whether prescriber factors affect appropriateness of prescribing...

Background: This study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial prescribing practices in hospital settings in Italy, focusing on the appropriateness of antibiotic use. Methods: This study was carried out through a retrospective review of medical records of...

Antibiotic stewardship programs proved to be effective in improving prescribing appropriateness. This multicenter quasi-experimental study, aimed to assesses the stewardship impact on antibiotics prescribing in different semesters from 2014 to 2019 i...

Multidrug resistance has become a serious threat for health, particularly in hospital-acquired infections. To improve patients’ safety and outcomes while maintaining the efficacy of antimicrobials, complex interventions are needed involving inf...

Little is known regarding the factors associated with surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) compliance in elective minor surgery. The purposes of this cross-sectional study were to identify the frequency of inappropriate SAP administration and to und...

Purpose: Acute appendicitis (AA), classified as non-complicated acute appendicitis (NCAA) and complicated acute appendicitis (CAA), is the most common cause of abdominal pain in children requiring surgical treatment. If the first-line treatment for N...

Ambulatory antibiotic stewards, researchers, and performance measurement programs choose different durations to associate diagnoses with antibiotic prescriptions. We assessed how the apparent appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing changes when usi...

In the outpatient setting, estimates suggest that 30% of the antibiotics prescribed are unnecessary. This study explores patient knowledge and awareness of appropriate use of antibiotics and expectations regarding how antibiotics are used for their t...

Pharmacists play a key role in tackling antibiotic misuse through counseling and education of patients and healthcare providers. The study aim is to evaluate the appropriateness of antibiotic prescriptions in community pharmacy settings while impleme...

Antimicrobial therapy in emergency departments (EDs) is usually empiric in nature. Due to workload and a goal to reduce patient wait times, providers often make rapid decisions regarding antibiotic prescriptions for discharge. A review of current emp...

Most presentations of conjunctivitis are acute. Studies show that uncomplicated cases resolve within 14 days without medication. However, antibiotic prescription remains standard practice. With antimicrobial resistance becoming a public health concer...

Introduction: Decision-making for inpatient antibiotic prescribing is complex due to many considerations to be taken. So far, clinical decision support systems (CDSS) have been rarely used in antibiotic stewardship (ABS) and even less integrated in c...

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is accelerated by inappropriate antibiotic use in community settings. While most EU countries have achieved a statistically significant reduction in antibiotic consumption, Bulgaria has shown the opposite tr...

Antimicrobial resistance is a major threat to global health in the 21st century. In the age of the internet and social media, infographics may constitute an effective educational resource for transmitting complete messages about antibiotics and antim...

Background: Antibiotics are commonly prescribed for hospitalized children. However, only a limited number of studies have evaluated antibiotic use in this population. The current work assessed the indication, prescribing pattern and appropriateness o...

The primary objective of this study was to investigate the pattern of antibiotic prescription for prophylaxis purposes among Italian DPs (dental practitioners). A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted using a multi-stage sampling design. A s...

Background/Objectives: Understanding the patterns of inappropriate antibiotic prescribing is crucial to design antimicrobial stewardship interventions. This systematic review evaluated the prevalence and types of inappropriate antibiotic prescribing...

Identifying opportunities to safely reduce antibiotic prescribing is necessary for prescribers and antibiotic stewardship teams to minimise unwarranted antibiotic use. We aimed to quantify excess antibiotic use in General Surgery. We retrospectively...