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154 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,226 Views
21 Pages

Physical, Rheological, and Permanent Deformation Behaviors of WMA-RAP Asphalt Binders

  • Kátia Aline Bohn,
  • Liseane Padilha Thives and
  • Luciano Pivoto Specht

14 September 2023

With the rapid global expansion of road networks, the asphalt industry faces several environmental challenges, such as material shortages, environmental concerns, escalating material costs, demand for eco-friendly materials, and the implementation of...

  • Article
  • Open Access
144 Views
17 Pages

27 February 2026

Parameter tuning for Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) in rolling mill hydraulic synchronization systems is critical for enhancing strip quality. Conventional manual trial-and-error methods often yield suboptimal results. This paper propose...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,621 Views
16 Pages

WMA Overlay Optimization Based on the LTPP Database: Using the RSM Method

  • Morteza Rezaeizadeh Herozi,
  • Ali Rigabadi,
  • Alireza Rezagholilou and
  • Amin Chegenizadeh

1 July 2022

This study investigates the field performance of Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) road overlays containing various amounts of RAP and binder. Rutting, the International Roughness Index (IRI), and transverse, longitudinal and alligator cracking are the key para...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
2,904 Views
20 Pages

Performance Evaluation of WMA Containing Re-Refined Acidic Sludge and Amorphous Poly Alpha Olefin (APAO)

  • Mansour Fakhri,
  • Danial Arzjani,
  • Pooyan Ayar,
  • Maede Mottaghi and
  • Nima Arzjani

17 March 2021

The use of waste materials has been increasingly conceived as a sustainable alternative to conventional materials in the road construction industry, as concerns have arisen from the uncontrolled exploitation of natural resources in recent years. Re-r...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
2,839 Views
26 Pages

Rheology of Crumb Rubber-Modified Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA)

  • Ghazi G. Al-Khateeb,
  • Alaa Sukkari,
  • Helal Ezzat,
  • Eyad Nasr and
  • Waleed Zeiada

26 March 2024

This study explores the impact of adding waste vehicular crumb rubber to the commercially available warm mix additives Sasobit® and Zycotherm® on modified asphalt binders’ physical and rheological properties. Various concentrations of c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
2,413 Views
13 Pages

20 March 2023

Utilizing polymers with asphalt mixtures is one solution to improving the performance of asphalt mixtures. Warm mixed asphalt (WMA) technology has begun to be widely used; however, hot mixed asphalt (HMA) is the most common paving procedure worldwide...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,624 Views
16 Pages

Rheological and Chemical Evolution of HMA and WMA Binders Based on Ageing Kinetics

  • Ao Huang,
  • Gang Liu,
  • Virginie Mouillet,
  • Saannibe Ciryle Somé,
  • Tingwei Cao and
  • Haoliang Huang

17 January 2022

It is fundamental to predict or estimate the rheological behavioural evolutions of binders and mixture to ensure a durability service life of the whole infrastructure. This study compared the long-term ageing kinetics of hot mix asphalt (HMA) and war...

  • Article
  • Open Access
66 Citations
5,122 Views
22 Pages

Rheological Behaviour of WMA-Modified Asphalt Binders with Crumb Rubber

  • Emilio Turbay,
  • Gilberto Martinez-Arguelles,
  • Tatiana Navarro-Donado,
  • Edgar Sánchez-Cotte,
  • Rodrigo Polo-Mendoza and
  • Elvis Covilla-Valera

3 October 2022

Crumb rubber (CR) is one of the materials most widely used in the road infrastructure industry due to its mechanical and environmental benefits as an asphalt binder modifier. Nonetheless, CR decreases the workability of mixes by increasing the viscos...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,803 Views
17 Pages

Evaluation of the Performance of a Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) Considering Aged and Unaged Specimens

  • Giuseppe Piccone,
  • Giuseppe Loprencipe,
  • Arminda Almeida and
  • Nicola Fiore

17 December 2020

In the last decades, all technology production sectors reached a high level of development, without neglecting the attention to environmental aspects and safeguarding energy resources. Moreover, in the sector of pavement industry, some alternatives o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,060 Views
18 Pages

Development of Low Rolling Resistance Asphalt Mixtures with RAP and WMA Technologies

  • Judita Škulteckė,
  • Ovidijus Šernas,
  • Donatas Čygas,
  • Igoris Kravcovas,
  • Laura Žalimienė and
  • Rafal Mickevič

5 September 2025

The development of sustainable and energy-efficient asphalt pavements is essential to address the growing demand for climate-neutral transportation infrastructure. This study investigates the structural design and functional performance of low rollin...

  • Article
  • Open Access
38 Views
22 Pages

A Comparative Case Study: Cradle-to-Grave LCA for Asphalt Mixtures Containing RAP and WMA

  • Ibrahim Elnaml,
  • Louay N. Mohammad,
  • Heather Dylla,
  • Moses Akentuna and
  • Samuel Cooper

The U.S. transportation section contributed a third of the national Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions in 2022. As such, the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development (DOTD) initiated federally funded efforts to create Life Cycle Assessment...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
3,123 Views
16 Pages

20 October 2021

The presented study explores the effects of decreased temperatures utilized in rolling thin-film oven (RTFOT) laboratory short-term ageing of asphalt binders based on 35/50- and 50/70-penetration paving-grade bitumen. Additionally, the effects of thr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
39 Citations
6,005 Views
16 Pages

10 August 2020

Asphalt mixture is the most widely used material in road construction, and the industry is developing more sustainable technologies. Warm mix asphalt (WMA) is a promising alternative as it saves energy, reduces fuel consumption and generates fewer ga...

  • Review
  • Open Access
124 Citations
8,365 Views
17 Pages

The Role of Additives in Warm Mix Asphalt Technology: An Insight into Their Mechanisms of Improving an Emerging Technology

  • Paolino Caputo,
  • Abraham A. Abe,
  • Valeria Loise,
  • Michele Porto,
  • Pietro Calandra,
  • Ruggero Angelico and
  • Cesare Oliviero Rossi

19 June 2020

The asphalt industry’s incentive to reduce greenhouse gas emissions has increased since the 1990s due to growing concerns on environmental issues such as global warming and carbon footprint. This has stimulated the introduction of Warm Mix Asph...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,538 Views
15 Pages

Influence of Warm Mix Asphalt Additives on the Physical Characteristics of Crumb Rubber Asphalt Binders

  • Munder Bilema,
  • Choon Wah Yuen,
  • Mohammad Alharthai,
  • Zaid Hazim Al-Saffar,
  • Salam Ridha Oleiwi Aletba and
  • Nur Izzi Md Yusoff

15 September 2023

This investigation is centered around the application of warm mix asphalt (WMA) technologies to address workability concerns linked to rubberized asphalt binders. The primary aim of incorporating crumb rubber (CR) and WMA additives is to establish a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
4,639 Views
12 Pages

7 July 2021

Reclaimed asphalt (RA) and Warm mix asphalt (WMA) are two widely used environmentally friendly mixtures in the paving industry. This study compares the laboratory performance of conventional hot mix asphalt (HMA) with virgin WMA, and WMA containing 6...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
3,144 Views
29 Pages

Properties of Modified Warm-Mix Asphalt Mixtures Containing Different Percentages of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement

  • Hayder Abbas Obaid,
  • Tameem Mohammed Hashim,
  • Ahmed Awad Matr Al-Abody,
  • Mohammed Salah Nasr,
  • Ghadeer Haider Abbas,
  • Abdullah Musa Kadhim and
  • Monower Sadique

21 October 2022

The Rapid reduction of energy resources and the escalated effects of global warming have created a strong motivation to find some new techniques in the field of paving construction. Adopting new technologies, such as warm-mix asphalt (WMA) or the rec...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,165 Views
15 Pages

Among the technologies proposed for achieving carbon neutralization in asphalt road pavements, warm-mix asphalt (WMA) has garnered increasing attention in recent years. While WMA holds the potential for various environmental and technical benefits, a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
4,306 Views
18 Pages

New Models for the Properties of Warm Mix Asphalt with Sasobit

  • Morteza Rezaeizadeh Herozi,
  • Wilfredo Valenzuela,
  • Alireza Rezagholilou,
  • Ali Rigabadi and
  • Hamid Nikraz

12 April 2022

Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) is a set of technologies that uses additives to reduce binder viscosity and increase mixture workability, which provides a complete coating of aggregates at lower temperatures around 100 °C to 130 °C. Organic wax or Sas...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,602 Views
17 Pages

Prediction of the Long-Term Performance of an Existing Warm Recycled Motorway Pavement

  • Lorenzo Paolo Ingrassia,
  • Sara Spadoni,
  • Gilda Ferrotti,
  • Amedeo Virgili and
  • Francesco Canestrari

21 January 2023

Warm mix asphalt (WMA) technologies allow the production, lay-down and compaction of asphalt mixtures at reduced temperatures and the use of higher amounts of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) with respect to conventional hot mix asphalt (HMA), leadin...

  • Review
  • Open Access
125 Citations
20,293 Views
55 Pages

During recent decade, the pavement sustainability has received much attention by road agencies, companies, governments and research institutes. The aim of this paper is to introduce and evaluate the sustainability of the technologies developed or und...

  • Article
  • Open Access
256 Views
16 Pages

17 February 2026

Reducing the environmental impact of road transport requires pavements that contribute to lower fuel consumption of vehicles and greenhouse gas emissions throughout their life cycle. Rolling resistance plays a key role in this context, while warm mix...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,758 Views
22 Pages

Mechanical and Performance Characteristics of Warm Mix Asphalt Modified with Phase Change Materials and Recycled Cigarette Filters

  • Zahraa Ahmed al-Mammori,
  • Israa Mohsin Kadhim Al-Janabi,
  • Ghadeer H. Abbas,
  • Doaa Hazim Aziz,
  • Fatin H. Alaaraji,
  • Elaf Salam Abbas,
  • Beshaer M. AL-shimmery,
  • Tameem Mohammed Hashim,
  • Ghanim Q. Al-Jameel and
  • Mohammed Salah Nasr
  • + 1 author

With rising global temperatures and increasing sustainability demands, the need for advanced pavement solutions has never been greater. This study breaks new ground by integrating phase change materials (PCMs), including paraffin-based wax (Rubitherm...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
6,031 Views
15 Pages

Environmental Impact Assessment of Different Warm Mix Asphalts

  • Anda Ligia Belc,
  • Adrian Ciutina,
  • Raluca Buzatu,
  • Florin Belc and
  • Ciprian Costescu

27 October 2021

Within the last decade, much attention has been focused on determining viable techniques for producing sustainable asphalt mixtures and minimizing fuel use and greenhouse gas emissions. Thus, warm mix asphalt (WMA) has become a topic of significant i...

  • Article
  • Open Access
41 Citations
4,868 Views
27 Pages

Effect of Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) Antistripping Agent on Performance of Waste Engine Oil-Rejuvenated Asphalt Binders and Mixtures

  • Ahmed Eltwati,
  • Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya,
  • Azman Mohamed,
  • Euniza Jusli,
  • Zaid Al-Saffar,
  • Mohd Rosli Hainin and
  • Mahmoud Enieb

20 February 2023

Evaluating the performance of rejuvenated asphalt mixes is crucial for pavement design and construction, as using a rejuvenator not only boosts recycling and contributes to positive effects on the environment but also increases the sensitivity to rut...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,473 Views
12 Pages

8 September 2022

Freely available satellite imagery from the EU Copernicus program can record water surfaces precisely and at high temporal resolution. This paper provides the development status of the open-source demo software “WaterMaskAnalyzer” (WMA) f...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,723 Views
28 Pages

9 February 2025

Flexible pavements stand out as the most commonly used worldwide, compared to rigid and composite pavements, owing to their versatility and widespread application. The use of hot mix asphalt (HMA) in flexible pavements causes significant environmenta...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
4,235 Views
22 Pages

15 October 2024

Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) materials are used as substitutes for new materials in asphalt pavement construction, leveraging the engineering and commercial benefits of the aged binders and aggregate matrixes in RAP. These asphalt mixtures impart...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,991 Views
12 Pages

14 October 2021

This present study aims to explore how forecasters can quickly make accurate predictions by using various high-resolution model forecasts. Based on three high temporal-spatial resolution (3 km, hourly) numerical weather prediction models (CMA-MESO, C...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
2,752 Views
17 Pages

20 October 2021

The paper investigates the phenomena of adhesion in binder-aggregate systems produced to reflect warm-mix asphalt with water-foamed bitumen. The investigated materials included limestone and quartzite aggregates and a total of four asphalt binders: 5...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,004 Views
30 Pages

10 June 2024

This paper assessed and evaluated the river and groundwater quality of five major catchments in the Mzimvubu to Tsitsikamma Water Management Area (WMA7). The river assessment and evaluation considered the present state maximum, minimum and mean seaso...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,892 Views
25 Pages

18 May 2025

This paper investigated sectoral water use and trends in the Mzimvubu to Tsitsikamma Water Management Area 7 (WMA7). The investigation considered the Water Authorisation and Registration Management System (WARMS) database and field surveys as a sourc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
29 Citations
3,106 Views
16 Pages

23 September 2020

Warm-mixed asphalt (WMA) has the characteristics of low mixing temperature and energy consumption, which makes it more suitable than hot-mixed asphalt for plateau regions (the altitude is above 500 m, and the terrain is relatively flat or has a wide...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
2,922 Views
12 Pages

14 December 2022

Warm-Mix-Asphalt (WMA) allows aggregates to be coated with asphalt binder at a temperature lower than the Hot-Mix-Asphalt (HMA) temperatures by using additives that make the asphalt mixtures more workable and the asphalt binder viscosity reduced. Due...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,549 Views
19 Pages

Research on the Mechanism of Surfactant Warm Mix Asphalt Additive-Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulation

  • Pinhui Zhao,
  • Mingliang Dong,
  • Yansheng Yang,
  • Jingtao Shi,
  • Junjie Wang,
  • Wenxin Wu,
  • Xingchi Zhao,
  • Xu Zhou and
  • Chenlong Wang

27 October 2021

Warm mix asphalt (WMA) technology can bring certain environmental and technical benefits through reducing the temperature of production, paving, and compaction of mixture asphalt. Recent studies have shown that some WMA additives are able to reduce t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,444 Views
27 Pages

25 December 2025

The current paper determined water resource classes and Resource Quality Objectives (RQOs) for significant water resources in the Mzimvubu to Tsitsikamma Water Management Area 7 (WMA7) to facilitate sustainable use of the water resources while mainta...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
820 Views
21 Pages

18 March 2025

Objective: We investigated the contribution of oxygen and UV light to the UV aging process of warm mix asphalt (WMA). Methods: In this paper, warm mix asphalt was prepared with different aging methods (RTFOT, PAV and UV) and UV aging times (50 h, 100...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,699 Views
13 Pages

29 January 2020

There are currently various technologies for the manufacture of warm mix asphalts (WMA). This paper presents the possibility of using a natural zeolite to manufacture WMA as an alternative to existing synthetic products for the manufacture of this ty...

  • Review
  • Open Access
83 Citations
14,969 Views
23 Pages

A Comparative Review of Hot and Warm Mix Asphalt Technologies from Environmental and Economic Perspectives: Towards a Sustainable Asphalt Pavement

  • Abdalrhman Milad,
  • Ali Mohammed Babalghaith,
  • Abdulnaser M. Al-Sabaeei,
  • Anmar Dulaimi,
  • Abdualmtalab Ali,
  • Sajjala Sreedhar Reddy,
  • Munder Bilema and
  • Nur Izzi Md Yusoff

The environmental concerns of global warming and energy consumption are among the most severe issues and challenges facing human beings worldwide. Due to the relatively higher predicted temperatures (150–180 °C), the latest research on pave...

  • Article
  • Open Access
31 Citations
4,249 Views
17 Pages

17 May 2019

To explore the effect of ultraviolet (UV) aging on the adhesion properties of warm mix asphalt (WMA), WMA binders were prepared by adding Evotherm M1 and Sasobit into base asphalt. The base asphalt and two WMA binders were aged using a self-made UV a...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
37 Citations
4,881 Views
14 Pages

2 February 2022

Scrap tire rubber and nylon fiber are waste materials that could potentially be recycled and used to improve the mechanical properties of asphalt pavement. The objective of this research was to investigate the properties of scrap tire rubber and nylo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
4,445 Views
15 Pages

3 January 2020

Warm mix asphalt (WMA) has been widely accepted as a future asphalt paving technology. Besides clear advantages, there are still some concerns regarding durability and long-term performance of pavements made with this type of asphalt mixtures. One of...

  • Article
  • Open Access
45 Citations
8,139 Views
20 Pages

28 January 2021

The carbon footprints of asphalt mixtures with increasing reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) content were estimated using a life-cycle assessment methodology. Three asphalt mixtures with different applications and technical requirements, namely porous...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
2,252 Views
27 Pages

Investigation into Rheological Behavior of Warm-Mix Recycled Asphalt Binders with High Percentages of RAP Binder

  • Hui Xu,
  • Yiren Sun,
  • Jingyun Chen,
  • Jiyang Li,
  • Bowen Yu,
  • Guoqing Qiu,
  • Yan Zhang and
  • Bin Xu

14 February 2023

The rheological properties of warm-mix recycled asphalt binders are critical to enhancing design quality and interpreting the performance mechanisms of the corresponding mixtures. This study investigated the rheological behavior of warm-mix recycled...

  • Article
  • Open Access
43 Citations
6,755 Views
17 Pages

Increasing environmental awareness is pushing towards sustainable approaches to the design and management of transport infrastructures. A life cycle assessment of low noise pavements is carried out here, with the aim to evaluate and compare the use o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
3,009 Views
23 Pages

12 January 2020

The paper aimed at assessing the feasibility of using natural zeolites as a mineral filler substitute for asphalt mixtures produced at around 120 °C temperatures with a water foamed binder and compacted at 100 °C. The tests utilized the AC 16...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,806 Views
37 Pages

16 February 2024

This paper proposes a practical framework for developing a net-zero electricity mix scenario (NEMS), which considers detailed conditions for supply of each energy. NEMS means a path scenario for power generation amount by year of each generation reso...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
3,616 Views
19 Pages

9 November 2021

Recently, damage to asphalt pavements in South Korea has increased because of direct and indirect factors caused by abnormal climatic changes, such as torrential rains, prolonged heatwaves in summer, and heavy snowfall in winter. Additionally, the us...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,257 Views
16 Pages

Stiffness Evaluation of Laboratory and Plant Produced Foamed Bitumen Warm Asphalt Mixtures with Fiber Reinforcement and Bio-Flux Additive

  • Marek Iwański,
  • Anna Chomicz-Kowalska,
  • Krzysztof Maciejewski,
  • Karolina Janus,
  • Piotr Radziszewski,
  • Adam Liphardt,
  • Maciej Michalec and
  • Karol Góral

27 February 2023

The present paper investigates the viscoelastic stress-strain responses of laboratory and plant produced warm mix asphalt mixtures containing basalt fiber dispersed reinforcement. The investigated processes and mixture components were evaluated for t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
5,348 Views
12 Pages

Towards Understanding the Polymerization Process in Bitumen Bio-Fluxes

  • Jan B. Król,
  • Łukasz Niczke and
  • Karol J. Kowalski

9 September 2017

Bitumen is a commonly used material for road construction. According to environmental regulations, vegetable-based materials are applied for binder modification. Fluxed road bitumen containing a bio-flux oxidation product increases the consistency ov...

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