- Article
Effectiveness of Different Irrigant Activation Systems on Smear Layer Removal: A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study
- Ramón Miguéns-Vila,
- Benjamín Martín-Biedma,
- Saleta Aboy-Pazos,
- David Uroz-Torres,
- Pablo Álvarez-Nóvoa,
- Ana Belén Dablanca-Blanco,
- Iván Varela-Aneiros and
- Pablo Castelo-Baz
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of smear layer removal after the use of different irrigation methods (passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), continuous ultrasonic irrigation (CUI), apical negative pressure irrigation and convent...