Search Results (15)

Digital transformation is reshaping construction asset compliance, but fragmented information and weak evidence trails still constrain effective management. This systematic grey literature review (2014–2025) identifies technologies supporting asset management and compliance assurance and compares adoption maturity across the United Kingdom (UK), the United States (US), Singapore, and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). Using multi-channel search strategies and the AACODS appraisal (Authority, Accuracy, Coverage, Objectivity, Date, Significance), 131 records were identified; 92 full texts reviewed; 82 eligible; and 43 sources retained. Coding identified a recurring five-technology “core digital stack”: Building Information Modelling (BIM), Digital Twins (DT), Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning (AI/ML), and Blockchain (BC). Within the retained corpus, BIM and AI/ML were the most frequently referenced technologies, whereas BC was referenced more selectively and discussed mainly for tamper-evident traceability. DT and IoT were typically discussed alongside BIM, while IoT also frequently co-occurred with AI/ML in analytics-led compliance workflows. A (Region × Technology) maturity matrix suggests higher, policy-led maturity where mandates and audit-ready information align with national frameworks (UK, Singapore), and more uneven, project-led adoption in decentralised contexts (US, GCC). Overall, the findings emphasise that effective compliance relies on integrated, evidence-focused digital stacks supported by standardised information governance rather than isolated tools. Full article

The growing complexity, age, and environmental exposure of civil infrastructure assets—bridges, tunnels, buildings, highways, and dams—have necessitated a transition from reactive or preventive maintenance strategies toward predictive, data-driven systems. The integration of IoT and Digital Twin (DT) technologies provides a transformative paradigm for intelligent monitoring, early fault detection, and real-time lifecycle management. This paper explores the technological convergence of IoT sensor networks, edge-cloud analytics, and digital twin platforms for predictive maintenance in civil and structural engineering. The study presents a multi-layered DT–IoT integration framework designed for infrastructure assets, emphasizing interoperability, cybersecurity, and semantic data synchronization. Key research outcomes include enhanced asset availability, reduced maintenance costs, and improved safety margins. The proposed architecture incorporates sensor-level digital shadows, edge inference modules, and cloud-based analytical twins powered by hybrid machine learning and finite element models. Real-world applications and case studies from smart bridges and intelligent building systems demonstrate prediction accuracies exceeding 90% in identifying early structural fatigue indicators. Ultimately, the results underscore the strategic role of DT–IoT convergence in realizing sustainable, resilient, and self-aware civil infrastructure aligned with Industry 5.0 principles. This study provides a roadmap for digital transformation in asset management, integrating standards such as International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 23247 and ISO 19650 to ensure interoperability and lifecycle traceability. The results reinforce that predictive maintenance through DT and IoT integration is not only technically viable but essential for extending infrastructure lifespan, minimizing unplanned downtime, and achieving carbon-efficient asset operation. Full article

Digitalisation is transforming organisational practices, making digital readiness essential for strategic planning. However, customised digital maturity tools for the Irish Architecture, Engineering, Construction, and Operations (AECO) sector remain limited. This paper presents the development and validation of a Digital Maturity Gap Analysis Toolkit (DMGAT) for the Irish AECO sector. The toolkit assesses digital maturity across three dimensions—people, process and culture; technology; and policy and governance—covering 16 sub-dimensions and 69 assessment questions. Unlike existing tools such as the BIM Maturity Matrix, VDC BIM Scorecard, and Maturity Scan, the DMGAT uniquely integrates ISO 19650 maturity stages with a comprehensive maturity level matrix across three key dimensions, offering a customised, industry-specific assessment for the Irish AECO sector that combines structured benchmarking with actionable gap analysis. The toolkit supports gap analysis by comparing an organisation’s current maturity profile with the detailed descriptors of higher maturity levels (maturity level matrix), thereby enabling prioritised and context-specific improvement planning rather than pursuit of a uniform maximum level. The study uses a mixed-methods approach within a Design Science Research (DSR) framework, developing the tool across six phases: literature review, defining dimensions and key performance indicators (KPIs), prototype development, testing, refining and finalisation, and deployment for practical application and empirical evaluation within real organisational contexts in the Irish AECO sector, demonstrating its use as an operational diagnostic and learning tool. Alpha testing by the organisational research team refined structural enhancements including maturity stages, KPIs, and maturity matrix. Beta testing with 20 Irish AECO organisations confirmed the toolkit’s relevance, scope, and coverage. Participants highlighted its clarity and industry alignment, while suggesting minor improvements in wording, visuals, and support materials. This study concludes that DMGAT is a useful resource for informed decision-making and digital innovation in the Irish AECO sector. Full article

Hybrid railway assets such as workshops and depots combine building, mechanical, electrical and plumbing (MEP)/industrial, and linear infrastructure domains, increasing coordination complexity and challenging continuity from the Project Information Model (PIM) to the Asset Information Model (AIM). Although Employer’s Information Requirements (EIR), Asset Information Requirements (AIR), and the BIM Execution Plan (BEP) prescribe deliverables and processes, a persistent gap remains between documentary prescriptions and the auditable evidence needed to support traceable decisions within the Common Data Environment (CDE). This paper proposes an ISO 19650-aligned governance framework that operationalizes the EIR/AIR → BEP → CDE transition by: (i) structuring the asset using Functional Units (FUs) as a stable anchor for PIM → AIM continuity; and (ii) implementing a pre-Published Quality Gate that separates control into three non-substitutable dimensions (spatial, semantic, and data). The approach is implemented as a tool-neutral, reproducible workflow (inputs → checks → outputs → publish) and produces a minimal, persistent evidence package in the CDE (file-level report, package summary, publish/hold decision record, and Nonconformity Report (NCR)/BIM Collaboration Format (BCF) traceability), with explicit roles governing the Shared → Published transition. Across 22 Industry Foundation Classes (IFC), deliverables from two depot cases and multiple delivery states, All Gates Pass ranged from 25.0% to 44.4% depending on Case × State; overall, 14/22 deliverables (63.6%) would be held pending correction under the gate. Although validated on Spanish railway depots, the framework is grounded in ISO/openBIM standards and is designed for transferability to other international contexts and complex asset types where multidisciplinary federation and PIM → AIM continuity pose similar challenges. Full article

Despite significant advances in digital surveying technologies, Heritage Building Information Modelling (HBIM) remains constrained by labour-intensive processing, fragmented classification systems, and limited standardised pathways for integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI). The absence of a systematic and standardised roadmap for AI adoption has limited both academic progress and industrial implementation. This paper proposes a comprehensive AI implementation roadmap for automated HBIM, developed through iterative research and empirical experimentation on UK heritage case studies. Building upon Design Science Research (DSR) principles, the roadmap delineates the critical dependencies among classification systems, data acquisition, algorithmic segmentation, and geometry generation, while embedding the Five HBIM Motivations, revival, restoration, restitution, retrofit, and resilience, as the primary structuring device for project intent. The study synthesises experimental findings into a practical, ISO 19650-aligned framework capable of guiding AI integration at both strategic and operational levels. An AI-enabled HBIM Execution Plan is presented as an implementation mechanism, enabling project teams to align digital workflows with heritage objectives, classification structures, and computational capacities. Evaluation through expert interviews confirms the roadmap’s feasibility, adaptability, and potential to enhance documentation efficiency, semantic richness, and interdisciplinary collaboration. The paper contributes a robust, scalable, and standards-compliant methodology for embedding AI in HBIM, offering a pivotal reference for the UK cultural heritage sector and a template for international replication. Full article

Digital construction implementation has not yet realized its promised potential after three decades. Across the entire project lifecycle, adoption has encountered difficulties from high-level standard guidance, a lack of strategies, fragmented delivery approaches, and insufficient digital delivery competency. Establishing digital workflows tailored to organizations’ contexts is an essential linkage of the information layer to synthesize the business and technology layers to address these challenges within the ISO 19650 framework. The uneven implementation of building information modelling (BIM) in the Architecture, Engineering, Construction, and Operation (AECO) industry provides a holistic perspective to consider the digitalization workflow dynamics. This report performs a case study through a parallel approach to examining multiple projects’ digital construction implementation of an organization in the Forest City development. Applying an observation research method and real-world data of project records, it analyses its workflows’ digitalization and process digitization, combining with its organization’s structure and overall project strategy. Moreover, it highlights bespoke digital construction ecosystems and relevant stakeholders to streamline workflows. The digital construction implementation results and project benefits as project context indicators verify that fundamental digital workflows of design quality checking, project optimization, asset data collection, and defect management have significant applicability compared with the advanced workflows of integrated 5D cost management and precast design and production. Their adoptability keeps consistency with those of applicability using the extra cost, application complexity, and disruption level indicators from the technology–organization–environment (TOE) framework to measure. These multiple project studies reveal the feasibility for organizations to achieve lifecycle digital construction implementation competency. The feasibility is underpinned by introducing an in-house digital engineering team to organization structure, cultivating applicable digital delivery capabilities through workflows digitalization and process digitization, and synthesizing ISO 19650 with workflows to enable more contextualized digital construction implementation. Full article

The construction industry continues to grapple with persistently high accident rates and fragmented workforce management systems, where manual record-keeping and siloed data impede effective safety compliance. While digital interventions exist, they often rely on centralized databases that are vulnerable to manipulation and opaque. This systematic literature review critically examines the application of blockchain technology as a decentralized infrastructure for enhancing safety compliance in construction. Adhering to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, this study synthesizes findings from 115 peer-reviewed articles (2020–2025) retrieved from Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and Google Scholar. The analysis focuses on three core mechanisms: (1) the creation of immutable, timestamped safety logs to prevent retroactive data tampering; (2) the integration of IoT sensors for real-time, trustless hazard monitoring; and (3) the deployment of smart contracts to automate compliance verification and incentive distribution. The review juxtaposes theoretical frameworks with empirical evidence from global case studies, including pilot projects in North America and the Asia-Pacific, to quantify benefits such as reduced reporting latency and improved data integrity. Despite promising results, the analysis reveals significant barriers to widespread adoption, notably the “oracle problem,” scalability limitations of consensus protocols, and the lack of legal recognition for blockchain records. This paper concludes that while blockchain is not a panacea, it offers a necessary layer of trust and accountability absent in traditional Common Data Environments (CDEs). Future research directions are proposed to address interoperability with BIM standards (ISO 19650) and to develop energy-efficient consensus mechanisms suitable for resource-constrained construction sites. Full article

Globally, the architecture, engineering, construction, and operations (AECO) industry faces rapid urbanization and environmental urgency. However, developing economies often lack the strategic capacity to utilize BIM for sustainable development. This study addresses this gap by developing a strategic, evidence-based BIM adoption framework tailored to the Mongolian context. Originating in the health sector, the ADAPTE process is a systematic method that enables the cost-effective adaptation of existing high-quality guidelines to new target contexts. The research applies a framework adaptation methodology, based on the adaptation phase of the ADAPTE process, to recontextualize benchmark international strategies for the specific environment of Mongolia. In the result, our work proposes a national BIM adoption framework which follows a three-phase implementation timeline (2027, 2030, and 2035) as per ISO 19650 maturity stages. Additionally, it has a three-point action plan of policy/legal systems, common resources, and promotion in the sphere of industry, people, and technology. The result offers a practical framework for Mongolia to advance the adaptation of BIM practices, positioning digital transformation as a catalyst for sustainable development. Furthermore, the methodological framework developed in this work serves as a scalable blueprint for other developing economies to systematically craft their own context-specific strategies. Full article

This paper introduces a digital framework that integrates Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Facility Management (FM) to enhance the lifecycle performance of Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SuDS). Addressing the limitations of traditional drainage such as poor resilience and fragmented maintenance, the framework consists of the following four layers: BIM-based 3D asset modeling, sensor-driven monitoring, FM-integrated operations, and climate-informed adaptive planning. Grounded in systems engineering and aligned with International Standard ISO 19650 standards, it enables a dynamic digital twin to support continuous feedback and predictive maintenance. Illustrated through diagrams and comparison, the framework promotes adaptability and long-term sustainability in urban water infrastructure. Full article

Poor information management is predominant in construction projects and tends to have a negative effect on project outcomes. The use of technology, in particular building information modelling (BIM), has been promoted to address information management issues. However, the adoption of BIM is fraught with challenges, such as a lack of standardisation and difficulties in effectively adopting standards such as ISO 19650. This research aims to deepen knowledge and improve the management of BIM standards, particularly in using ISO 19650 to collaboratively deliver construction projects by applying process modelling techniques. By employing a mixed-methods approach that combines document analysis and qualitative interviews, this study critically examines the principles and requirements of ISO 19650 and their practical implications. It focuses on how process modelling can clarify complex concepts and improve information management. The findings indicate that process modelling significantly aids in comprehending ISO 19650, making its intricate concepts more accessible to multidisciplinary teams, enhancing stakeholder communication, improving project execution efficiency, and reducing errors and rework. Furthermore, this research emphasises the need to distinguish ISO 19650-derived elements from those adapted from other sources to ensure transparency and integrity in project management practices. The main implications of this study are two-fold. From a research perspective, it contributes to the academic discourse by addressing a critical gap in the literature, which has largely focused on BIM technology implementation rather than the processes and workflows necessary for effective standard adoption. From a practical perspective, this study promotes transparency and integrity in project management practices, enabling organisations to adopt and adhere to standardised practices more effectively in collaborative environments. Full article

This study addresses the challenge of automating the creation of Exchange Information Requirements (EIRs) for construction projects using Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Digital Twins, as specified in the ISO 19650 standard. This paper focuses on automating the classification of EIR paragraphs according to the ISO 19650 standard’s categories, aiming to improve information management in construction projects. It addresses a gap in applying AI to enhance BIM project management, where barriers often include technological limitations, a shortage of specialists, and limited understanding of the methodology. The proposed method uses Word2Vec for text vectorisation and Support Vector Machines (SVMs) with an RBF kernel for text classification, and it attempts to apply Word2Vec with cosine similarity for text generation. The model achieved an average F1 score of 0.7, with predicted categories for provided sentences and similar matches for selected phrases. While the text classification results were promising, further refinement is required for the text generation component. This study concludes that integrating AI tools such as Word2Vec and SVM offers a feasible solution for enhancing EIR creation. However, further development of text generation, particularly using advanced techniques such as GPT, is recommended. These findings contribute to improving managing complex construction projects and advancing digitalization in the AECO sector. Full article

This review article examines global initiatives in the adoption of building information modeling (BIM) for road infrastructure. It begins with an overview of the distinctions between BIM applications for buildings and infrastructure projects. This study evaluates noteworthy BIM publications (NBPs) from various countries and organizations to understand BIM’s transformative impact on roadway infrastructure projects. It analyzes the evolution of these publications, compares academic output with NBP, identifies the stages of BIM maturity, and evaluates adherence to ISO 19650 standards. Through this analysis, the article presents current global and regional scenarios, providing a comprehensive overview of the current state and future prospects of BIM implementation in the road infrastructure sector. Full article

BIM and 4.0 technologies are currently the leading branches of digitization in construction. The aim of this article is to confront theses on building information modeling (BIM) and coexisting technologies, and to present an analysis along with conclusions regarding the digitization process of AEC industries using BIM methodology and advanced digital technologies within the scope of 4.0 technologies. Key aspects of BIM and 4.0 technology integration were discussed, including artificial intelligence (AI) or big data and data science analytics. The impact of these fields on design processes, as well as on data management, monitoring of design and construction progress, and overall efficiency of AEC industries, was analyzed. The article pays particular attention to the synergy between BIM and 4.0 technology, identifying benefits, challenges, and development perspectives. Conclusions indicate the growing importance of interdisciplinarity for improving AEC industry processes and the need to adapt to the changing digital landscape in the field of design and construction. A survey was conducted, where respondents’ answers were presented in the form of charts. Questions focused on the issue of the use of BIM methodology along with coexisting technologies in the design process by the Polish engineering staff. The research results indicate that the use of the latest technological solutions in Poland is still rare, and the digital potential of these solutions is not fully utilized. The article can make a significant contribution to the discussion on technological evolution in AEC industries, identifying development directions in the context of digitization and the use of the latest achievements of 4.0 technology. Previous research has not included such a wide spectrum of BIM use in Poland. An analysis was conducted comparing Poland in a global context with other countries in BIM adoption. Full article

Digital twins (DTs) are one of the latest technology trends in all industries. However, DT development in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry is still in its infancy. Digital twins have been proposed as tools that can be applied to several challenges in various areas of the built environment. However, their widespread use is hampered due to the slow pace of digitization of the AEC industry, in addition to the absence of a formalized standard for digital twins’ implementation. We began this study by systematically reviewing publications related to DT applications in the AEC industry in four databases, resulting in 229 publications after applying the proposed criteria. The systematic review highlighted the lack of standardization for DTs in the AEC industry. Additionally, this study assessed the current status of DTs and analyzed the evolution of the concept of DTs in the AEC industry. We also proposed a conceptual framework for DT development for construction assets, using the existing BIM information management standards (i.e., ISO 19650) to promote a better interoperable digitalized built environment. Full article

This paper addresses critical success factors for the delivery of BIM projects. The lack of experience with BIM projects on both the demand and supply side often leads to insufficient project teams, unsatisfied clients, schedule, and cost overruns. In order to better structure and control the information delivery in BIM projects requirements, planning and delivery must be standardized. The latter was achieved by EIR (Exchange Information Requirements), new BIM roles, BEP (BIM Execution Plan), and specified digital handover, which must be supported by a common data environment (CDE). This paper provides an analysis of the characteristics of BIM project delivery and duration in Architectural and Engineering companies in Slovakia. The analysis is based on the web survey of BIM managers and coordinators, which reveals that a significant amount of BIM project efforts must be executed by BIM specialists. The results also graphically depict the scope of critical BIM activities across project phases. The presented study is relevant for various project stakeholders and allows for a deeper understanding of the resources needed for the successful delivery of BIM projects in terms of adequate project team capacity, capability, organization, and planning. Full article