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Microplastics and Microfiber Pollution in Aquatic Environments

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water Quality and Contamination".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 July 2026 | Viewed by 2216

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
Interests: carbonatic aquifers; karst systems; geochemistry; geohazards; hydrology; hydrogeology; water and soil pollution; water quality
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Guest Editor Assistant
Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
Interests: microplastics; microfiber; water and soil pollution; karst systems; caves; habitat and species conservation; environmental sciences; subterranean biology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Microplastics and microfibers are a global concern. Microplastics, originate from the degradation of larger plastic items in the environment, or are directly released with this dimension through industrial and domestic activities. Natural, regenerated and synthetic microfibers have been detected in different environments too, as well as in organisms. While synthetic microfibers are generally detected in microplastic analyses, natural and regenerated microfibers are not taken into account, or are wrongly considered plastics. They are generally considered biodegradable even if their degradation processes in ecosystems are poorly known, and their potential faster degradation could release toxic compounds. Due to their small size, microplastics and microfibers enter rivers, lakes, and oceans, reaching also remote areas, being transported by air currents. Once into the water environments, microplastics and microfibers can be ingested a by a wide range of organisms, leading to bioaccumulation and potential biomagnification along food chains. Moreover, microplastics act as vectors for other pollutants, exacerbating their ecological impact. The mitigation of microplastic and microfiber pollution requires comprehensive strategies, including improved waste management, textile innovation, and legislative measures. Addressing this complex issue is essential to safeguarding environmental and public health.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews on microplastic and microfiber pollution in water environments are welcome. We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Adriano Fiorucci
Guest Editor

Dr. Valentina Balestra
Guest Editor Assistant

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • microplastics
  • microfibers
  • water pollution
  • water quality
  • waste water
  • water ecosystems

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1535 KB  
Article
Microplastic and Microfibre Pollution in Greenland Surface Ice: A Preliminary Study
by Valentina Balestra, Sinem Hazal Akyildiz, Peter Wadhams and Rossana Bellopede
Water 2026, 18(7), 848; https://doi.org/10.3390/w18070848 - 1 Apr 2026
Viewed by 517
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) and microfibres (MFs) are widespread contaminants that are found in natural environments worldwide. Although their presence has been documented in Arctic snow, sea ice and marine systems, data on their occurrence in Greenland glacier surface ice remain limited. Because of their [...] Read more.
Microplastics (MPs) and microfibres (MFs) are widespread contaminants that are found in natural environments worldwide. Although their presence has been documented in Arctic snow, sea ice and marine systems, data on their occurrence in Greenland glacier surface ice remain limited. Because of their small size, persistence, and mobility, MPs and MFs pose significant risks to both habitats and species, reaching even the most remote areas. Monitoring these environments is crucial for assessing the extent of pollution, while dissemination activities are essential for transferring scientific knowledge to local communities and fostering active engagement in adopting sustainable behaviours. A preliminary survey was conducted on a glacier in Greenland, collecting samples along the routes travelled by the Extreme E staff during the electric off-road racing series expedition in the region. Preliminary results confirmed the presence of MPs and MFs in the study area with high abundances. Fibrous and small-sized microparticles were the most prevalent types detected. The most common synthetic material was polyethylene terephthalate (PET), while natural and regenerated MFs were predominantly cellulosic. A deeper understanding of MP and MF contamination in extreme environments was achieved, highlighting the importance of environmental education and public awareness as key tools in mitigating pollution and promoting sustainable strategies. The integration of different sectors can synergistically promote sustainability efforts and address the urgent challenges of climate change and environmental pollution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microplastics and Microfiber Pollution in Aquatic Environments)
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23 pages, 3258 KB  
Article
Invisible Footprints: Exploring Microplastic Pollution in the Colombian Caribbean Sea
by René A. Rojas-Luna, Jonathan D. Ayala-Rodríguez, Carlos A. García-Alzate, Roberto García-Alzate, Jorge Trilleras, Jairo Humberto Medina-Calderon, Adriana Santos-Martínez, José Ernesto Mancera Pineda, Cesar A. Sierra and Victoria A. Arana
Water 2026, 18(4), 508; https://doi.org/10.3390/w18040508 - 19 Feb 2026
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1055
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution poses a significant and emerging threat to global marine ecosystems; however, regional data for the Caribbean remain limited. This study presents a spatial and temporal characterization of MPs in surface and mid-waters of the Colombian Caribbean (Atlántico and Magdalena departments), [...] Read more.
Microplastic (MP) pollution poses a significant and emerging threat to global marine ecosystems; however, regional data for the Caribbean remain limited. This study presents a spatial and temporal characterization of MPs in surface and mid-waters of the Colombian Caribbean (Atlántico and Magdalena departments), which were analyzed as independent compartments due to methodological differences in sampling strategies. Sixteen sampling stations were established across two anthropogenic influence zones: Zone 1 (nearshore/bather zone) and Zone 2 (offshore). MPs were quantified and characterized according to shape, color, size, and polymer composition using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy (µATR-FTIR) and multivariate techniques. MPs were detected in 100% of samples. Surface water MP abundance was higher in Magdalena (4.5 MPs m−3) than in Atlántico (1.7 MPs m−3). Mid-water MP concentrations reached maximum values during the high rainfall season in Atlántico, reflecting localized hydrological and anthropogenic influences rather than vertical gradients. Higher concentrations were generally observed in the nearshore Zone 1 compared to offshore Zone 2, although these differences were not consistently statistically significant. Fibers and fragments were the predominant shapes, and synthetic–natural polymer blends, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), and polyacrylic acid (PAA) were the most prevalent. Generalized Additive Models (GAM) indicated that strong fluvial inputs and proximity to urban and riverine sources were factors driving MP distribution. Additionally, the detection of polymers reported in the literature as rare and high-risk, such as acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), acrylonitrile styrene acrylate (ASA), styrene–ethylene–butylene–styrene (SEBS), and polyvinyl stearate (PVS), highlights the complexity of MP sources in the region. Overall, these results provide the first spatial and temporal characterization of MPs in the surface and mid-water of the Colombian Caribbean and identify critical contamination hotspots that warrant targeted mitigation strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microplastics and Microfiber Pollution in Aquatic Environments)
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