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Veterinary Sciences
Special Issues
New Insights in Veterinary Theriogenology
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New Insights in Veterinary Theriogenology

A special issue of Veterinary Sciences (ISSN 2306-7381). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (3 November 2023) | Viewed by 8424

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Maria Albrizio

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Emergency and Organs Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
Interests: male gametes; animal physiology; molecular biology; opioid receptors; fish and mammal reproduction; heat shock proteins; cryptorchidism
Prof. Dr. Mario Cinone

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Emergency and Organs Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
Interests: reproductive conditioning; reproductive biotechnologies; domestic and wild animal reproduction; semen analysis
Dr. Antonio Ciro Guaricci

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano, BA, Italy
Interests: male gametes analysis; molecular biology; opioid receptors and molecules; fish and mammal reproduction; gametes cryopreservation; DNA sex determination in birds

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Theriogenology is the largest field of veterinary sciences, which has existed alongside man for millennia. Veterinarians that focus on several aspects of reproductive physiology, andrology, gynecology, obstetricsneonatology, pathology, surgery and assisted reproduction are theriogenologists who drive efforts to overcome reproductive disorders.

Extremes in climate, environmental pollution and intensive breeding can deleteriously affect reproduction.

In recent decades, innovative technologies have provided a strong impetus to research in this area, thus fostering interactions among scientists that are competent in new fields of reproductive biology. Despite this, the lack of knowledge of factors impacting reproduction is still serious. In this Special Issue, we would like to collect the latest reports on different topics regarding theriogenology to provide an update on the state of the art in animal reproduction.

We welcome all researchers with a special interest in theriogenology to contribute to this Special Issue, submitting articles that provide new insights from the most recent technologies focusing on, but not limited to, the following:

  • Mammalian embryo production: novel approaches;
  • Nutritional strategies to improve fertility;
  • Extracellular vesicles in female reproductive function;
  • Marine contaminants interfering with reproduction;
  • Altered wellbeing influencing reproductive performances;
  • New molecules for successful pregnancy;
  • Reproduction in aquatic species;
  • Reproduction in endangered and in wild species;
  • Gamete cryopreservation: new insights;
  • New technologies for assessing gamete and embryo quality;
  • Conceptus–maternal communication;
  • Hormonal management for fertility and pregnancy;
  • Embryonic stem cells in reproductive diseases;
  • Endocrine disruptors and fertility;
  • Technologies for reproduction in future.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Maria Albrizio
Prof. Dr. Mario Cinone
Dr. Antonio Ciro Guaricci
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Veterinary Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • reproduction
  • gametes
  • sex hormones
  • embryonic stem cells
  • breeding
  • biotechnologies

Published Papers (4 papers)

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11 pages, 1405 KiB  
Article
Preliminary Evaluation of Cortical and Medullary Echogenicity in Normal Canine Fetal Kidneys during the Last 10 Days of Pregnancy
by Giulia Siena, Francesca di Nardo, Barbara Contiero, Tommaso Banzato and Chiara Milani
Vet. Sci. 2023, 10(11), 639; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10110639 - 31 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1415
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess changes in the echogenicity of the cortex and medulla of canine fetal kidneys in relation to days before parturition (dbp), maternal size and litter size. Monitoring of 10 healthy pregnant bitches (2–8 years old, 8.8–40.3 [...] Read more.
The objective of this study was to assess changes in the echogenicity of the cortex and medulla of canine fetal kidneys in relation to days before parturition (dbp), maternal size and litter size. Monitoring of 10 healthy pregnant bitches (2–8 years old, 8.8–40.3 kg bw) was conducted from −10 to 0 dbp using ultrasound. A single renal sonogram was obtained by scanning in a longitudinal section the three most caudal fetuses. The mean gray level (MGL) and SD of a manually drawn region of interest (ROI) in the renal cortex and medulla were measured using the Fiji Image J software (Image J 1.51h, Java 1.6 0_24 64 bit). A linear mixed model taking into account the maternal size as a fixed effect, dbp and litter size as covariates and the bitch as a random and repeated effect was used. The regression coefficients (b) were estimated. Cortical SD (C-SD) and cortico-medullary SD (C/M-SD) were influenced by dbp, with a significant decrease at the approaching day of parturition (b = 0.23 ± 0.06, p < 0.001 and b = 0.5 ± 0.02, p = 0.038, respectively). Maternal size had a significant impact on C/M-MGL with differences observed in large-sized (1.95 ± 0.13) compared to small- (1.41 ± 0.10, p = 0.027) and medium-sized bitches (1.51 ± 0.09, p = 0.016). The C/M-MGL was influenced by litter size, showing a decrease as the number of pups increased (b = −0.08 ± 0.03, p = 0.018). C-SD and C/M-SD were exclusively affected by dbp, and not by maternal and litter size. This suggests their potential as valuable parameters, warranting further investigations in future studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights in Veterinary Theriogenology)
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13 pages, 3158 KiB  
Article
Regulation of IkappaB Protein Expression by Early Gestation in the Thymus of Ewes
by Yao Meng, Zhen Yang, Yaodong Quan, Shuxin Zhao, Leying Zhang and Ling Yang
Vet. Sci. 2023, 10(7), 462; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10070462 - 13 Jul 2023
Viewed by 962
Abstract
The thymus is an essential component of maternal immune systems that play key roles in recognizing the placenta as immunologically foreign. The inhibitor of the NF-κB (IκB) family has essential effects on the NF-κB pathway; however, it is unclear whether early pregnancy modulates [...] Read more.
The thymus is an essential component of maternal immune systems that play key roles in recognizing the placenta as immunologically foreign. The inhibitor of the NF-κB (IκB) family has essential effects on the NF-κB pathway; however, it is unclear whether early pregnancy modulates the expression of the IκB family in the thymus. In this study, maternal thymuses were sampled on day 16 of nonpregnancy and different gestation stages in the ovine, and the expression of IκB proteins was analyzed. The data showed that B cell leukemia-3 and IκBβ increased; however, IκBα, IκBε, and IKKγ deceased during gestation. Furthermore, there was an increase in IκBNS and IκBζ expression values on day 13 of pregnancy; however, this decreased on day 25 of gestation. In summary, the expression of the IκB family was modulated in the thymus during early gestation, suggesting that the maternal thymus can be associated with maternal immunologic tolerance and pregnancy establishment in ewes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights in Veterinary Theriogenology)
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16 pages, 1074 KiB  
Article
Effect of Non-Genetic Factors on Reproduction of Extensive versus Intensive Florida Dairy Goats
by Pablo Rodríguez-Hernández, João Simões, Cristina Arce, Cipriano Díaz-Gaona, María Dolores López-Fariñas, Manuel Sánchez-Rodríguez and Vicente Rodríguez-Estévez
Vet. Sci. 2022, 9(5), 219; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9050219 - 30 Apr 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2432
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the production system and other environmental/phenotype factors on age at first kidding (AFK), kidding interval (KI) and prolificacy of 19,772 Florida goats reared between 2000 and 2019 on 49 dairy farms [...] Read more.
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the production system and other environmental/phenotype factors on age at first kidding (AFK), kidding interval (KI) and prolificacy of 19,772 Florida goats reared between 2000 and 2019 on 49 dairy farms (38 farms intensively managed and 11 extensively managed with grazing). AFK was lower on intensive (490.2 ± 0.9 days; n = 13,345) than on extensive farms (511.7 ± 2.5 days; n = 2357; p < 0.001), and highest during the spring season (533.9 ± 2.7 days; n = 1932; p < 0.001) in both production systems. The average KI was 355.7 ± 0.4 days, mainly varying according to dry period, kidding season and lactation number and kidding type (p < 0.01). A significant interaction between production system, kidding season and dry period was observed with the highest AFK on intensive farms during spring and summer for goats presenting a dry period of up to six months. The overall prolificacy (1.64 ± 0.01) increased in recent years in both systems, and it was affected by the production system, but with different patterns; so, the highest prolificacy of primiparous and multiparous goats was observed on extensive and intensive farms, respectively. Besides that, the prolificacy and other reproductive parameters, such as AFK, significantly increased in the last decade, which could be related to management improvements. Besides that, the existence of inter-annual variations should be considered to compare data between farms and years, and to establish the farms’ objectives according to their production systems and production goals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights in Veterinary Theriogenology)
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13 pages, 2849 KiB  
Brief Report
Oviduct Epithelial Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Improve Porcine Trophoblast Outgrowth
by Xun Fang, Bereket Molla Tanga, Seonggyu Bang, Chaerim Seo, Heyyoung Kim, Islam M. Saadeldin, Sanghoon Lee and Jongki Cho
Vet. Sci. 2022, 9(11), 609; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9110609 - 4 Nov 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1843
Abstract
Porcine species have a great impact on studies on biomaterial production, organ transplantation and the development of biomedical models. The low efficiency of in vitro-produced embryos to derive embryonic stem cells has made achieving this goal a challenge. The fallopian tube plays an [...] Read more.
Porcine species have a great impact on studies on biomaterial production, organ transplantation and the development of biomedical models. The low efficiency of in vitro-produced embryos to derive embryonic stem cells has made achieving this goal a challenge. The fallopian tube plays an important role in the development of embryos. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by oviductal epithelial cells play an important role in the epigenetic regulation of embryo development. We used artificially isolated oviductal epithelial cells and EVs. In this study, oviductal epithelial cell (OEC) EVs were isolated and characterized through transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticles tracking analysis, western blotting and proteomics. We found that embryo development and blastocyst formation rate was significantly increased (14.3% ± 0.6% vs. 6.0% ± 0.6%) after OEC EVs treatment. According to our data, the inner cell mass (ICM)/trophectoderm (TE) ratio of the embryonic cell number increased significantly after OEC EVs treatment (43.7% ± 2.3% vs. 28.4% ± 2.1%). Meanwhile, the attachment ability of embryos treated with OEV EVs was significantly improved (43.5% ± 2.1% vs. 29.2% ± 2.5%, respectively). Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), we found that the expression of reprogramming genes (POU5F1, SOX2, NANOG, KLF4 and c-Myc) and implantation-related genes (VIM, KRT8, TEAD4 and CDX2) significantly increased in OEC EV-treated embryos. We report that OEC EV treatment can improve the development and implantation abilities of embryos. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights in Veterinary Theriogenology)
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