Anesthesia and Pain Management in Large Animals

A special issue of Veterinary Sciences (ISSN 2306-7381).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2025 | Viewed by 1079

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Palatucci Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
Interests: anaesthesia; analgesia; veterinary

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Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Sciences Medicine, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
Interests: animal health; drug delivery; smart devices for drug delivery; biomaterials; surgery; anesthesiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale G. Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy
Interests: veterinary science; chromatography; nuclear magnetic resonance; animal physiology; neurotransmitter; animal welfare; serotonin
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Anesthetic and analgesic drugs authorized for livestock (e.g., sheep, goats, cows, horses) are very limited. Lidocaine is the main anesthetic used to perform most surgical procedures in livestock animals where the surgery is performed with the animal standing. However, some surgeries require the patient to lie down. Furthermore, due to pre-existing inflammatory pathologies, lidocaine may be unsuitable for performing surgery. Therefore, it is necessary to provide information on anesthetic and analgesic protocols applicable to large animals to ensure their well-being during surgical procedures.

Dr. Giovanna Costa
Prof. Dr. Fabio Leonardi
Dr. Giuseppe Bruschetta
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • anesthetic
  • analgesic
  • lidocaine
  • pain management
  • surgery
  • large animal
  • livestock

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 256 KiB  
Article
Comparison of Ketamine/Diazepam and Tiletamine/Zolazepam Combinations for Anaesthesia Induction in Horses Undergoing Partial Intravenous Anaesthesia (PIVA): A Retrospective Clinical Study
by Carlotta Lambertini, Elena Boanini, Isabelle Casalini, Francesca Spaccini, Riccardo Rinnovati and Noemi Romagnoli
Vet. Sci. 2024, 11(12), 612; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11120612 - 30 Nov 2024
Viewed by 500
Abstract
The aim of this retrospective clinical study was to compare the combinations of ketamine/diazepam (KD group) and tiletamine/zolazepam (TZ group) for the induction of general anaesthesia in horses undergoing elective surgery. The data from the clinical and the anaesthetic records of 138 horses [...] Read more.
The aim of this retrospective clinical study was to compare the combinations of ketamine/diazepam (KD group) and tiletamine/zolazepam (TZ group) for the induction of general anaesthesia in horses undergoing elective surgery. The data from the clinical and the anaesthetic records of 138 horses from 2021 to 2023 were evaluated, and the horses were divided in two groups: KD (n = 60) and TZ (n = 72). The horses were premedicated with romifidine and methadone IV; anaesthesia was induced with ketamine/diazepam for the KD group and tiletamine/zolazepam for the TZ group and was maintained with isoflurane and a constant rate infusion of romifidine. The data encompassed sex and neuter status, age, breed, weight, American Society of Anaesthesiologists physical status, type of surgical procedure performed under anaesthesia, induction time, induction score, surgery time, recovery time, and the recovery score using a descriptive scale. Baseline heart rate (HR), intraoperative HR, baseline respiratory rate (fR), intraoperative fR, mean arterial pressure (MAP), oxygen saturation (SpO2), and fraction of expired isoflurane (FE’Iso) were also recorded. The induction time was significantly longer (p = 0.004) in the TZ group (60 (40–120)) as compared to the KD group (50 (30–120)). Recovery time was also significantly longer (p ≤ 0.001) in the TZ group (46.5 (15–125)) as compared to the KD group (30 (5–105)). These findings suggested that, in adult horses undergoing elective surgery, TZ could be considered a valid alternative to KD for the induction of general anaesthesia. Additional experimental studies comparing the two induction regimens and their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics are needed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anesthesia and Pain Management in Large Animals)
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