Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Vaccines Research

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Vaccines Against Tropical and Other Infectious Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2026 | Viewed by 1325

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Biomedical Sciences, Kentucky College of Osteopathic Medicine (KYCOM), University of Pikeville, Pikeville, KY, USA
Interests: developing new diagnostic methods; new drugs; new vaccines for tuberculosis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue "Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Vaccines Research" aims to highlight the latest advancements in the detection and prevention of tuberculosis (TB), a significant global health threat. Despite ongoing efforts, TB remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, exacerbated by the emergence of drug-resistant strains. This issue will focus on innovative diagnostic techniques, including molecular methods, imaging technologies, and biomarker discovery, which promise to enhance early detection and improve patient outcomes. Additionally, we invite contributions exploring novel vaccine candidates, immunological approaches, and the role of host-pathogen interactions in vaccine development. By fostering a multidisciplinary dialogue, this Special Issue seeks to bring together researchers, clinicians, and public health experts to share insights and propel the fight against TB. We encourage submissions that present cutting-edge bench research articles and Editorials, case studies, and review articles.

Dr. Shumaila Nida Javed Tunio
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • developing new diagnostic methods
  • new drugs
  • new vaccines for tuberculosis

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

20 pages, 1242 KB  
Review
BCGitis and BCGosis: Clinical Spectrum, Immunological Mechanisms, and Risk Management
by Qibin Liu, Xiyong Dai and Shuang Wei
Vaccines 2025, 13(12), 1179; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines13121179 - 21 Nov 2025
Viewed by 904
Abstract
Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) remains the only licensed vaccine against tuberculosis (TB), administered to >100 million neonates annually. It confers approximately 70–80% protection against tuberculous meningitis and miliary TB in early childhood, under-pinning its continued use in high-burden settings. As a live-attenuated vaccine, however, [...] Read more.
Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) remains the only licensed vaccine against tuberculosis (TB), administered to >100 million neonates annually. It confers approximately 70–80% protection against tuberculous meningitis and miliary TB in early childhood, under-pinning its continued use in high-burden settings. As a live-attenuated vaccine, however, BCG can rarely cause adverse reactions ranging from self-limited local lesions to life-threatening disseminated BCG disease (BCGosis), which almost exclusively occurs in infants with severe primary or acquired immunodeficiencies such as SCID, MSMD, CGD, or symptomatic HIV infection. Implementation of universal newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) using the T-cell receptor excision circle (TREC) assay now enables prospective identification and deferral of these high-risk neonates, virtually eliminating fatal BCGosis. Here we synthesize global data published since 2010 on the clinical spectrum, immunopathogenesis, and epidemiology of BCG-related complications, highlighting the impact of vaccine substrain, administration technique, and host immune status on adverse-event rates. On the basis of this evidence, we propose a practical, evidence-based risk-assessment checklist (BCG-RAKE) to support safer vaccine deployment while preserving the substantial TB-control benefits of universal BCG immunization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Vaccines Research)
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