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Vaccines
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The Interaction of Cytomegalovirus with the Human Immune System
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The Interaction of Cytomegalovirus with the Human Immune System

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathogens-host Immune Interface".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 4073

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Laura L. Gibson

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
Interests: cytomegalovirus; T cells; immune escape; transplant; congenital infections
Prof. Dr. Matthew Reeves

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, London's Global University, London NW3 2PF, UK
Interests: Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV); viral pathogenesis; vaccine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is typically asymptomatic or mild in immunologically normal hosts. CMV and the human immune system interact via numerous mechanisms that can differ by cell type and tissue context, eventually settling on a lifetime relationship that preserves survival of both virus and host.  However, clinical disease can be severe in high-risk populations such as transplant recipients or fetuses during early gestation.  The mechanisms of virus-immune interactions that culminate in the wide range of observed clinical outcomes in these groups are insufficiently understood.  Advances in prevention and treatment strategies depend on more detailed knowledge of these mechanisms, their relative significance, and their local tissue context, particularly those leading to more severe disease or viral transmission from transplanted organ to recipient or from mother to fetus.  This new knowledge can then be applied to the design of immune-based interventions that maximize protection while reducing the risk of pathologic effects. 

In support of such progress, this special issue of Vaccines curates a series of impactful studies that delve into essential elements of the interaction between CMV and the human immune system. We invite you to join in sharing knowledge so that our collective wisdom continues to advance the CMV field into the future.

Dr. Laura L. Gibson
Prof. Dr. Matthew Reeves
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vaccines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cytomegalovirus
  • innate immunity
  • adaptive immunity
  • CMV vaccine
  • immune interventions

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 2317 KiB  
Article
Assessment of the Interferon-Lambda-3 Polymorphism in the Antibody Response to COVID-19 in Older Adults Seropositive for CMV
by Ariane Nardy, Camila Tussato Soares Camargo, Yasmim Faustina Castro de Oliveira, Fernanda Cristina da Silva, Millena Soares de Almeida, Fernanda Rodrigues Monteiro, Brenda Rodrigues Silva, Jônatas Bussador do Amaral, Danielle Bruna Leal Oliveira, Edison Luiz Durigon, Guilherme Pereira Scagion, Vanessa Nascimento Chalup, Érika Donizetti Candido, Andressa Simões Aguiar, Neil Ferreira Novo, Marina Tiemi Shio, Carolina Nunes França, Luiz Henrique da Silva Nali and André Luis Lacerda Bachi
Vaccines 2023, 11(2), 480; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11020480 - 18 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1535
Abstract
Background: Here, we investigated the impact of IFN-lambda-3 polymorphism on specific IgG responses for COVID-19 in older adults seropositive for CMV. Methods: Blood samples of 25 older adults of both sexes were obtained at three different times: during a micro-outbreak (MO) of SARS-CoV-2 [...] Read more.
Background: Here, we investigated the impact of IFN-lambda-3 polymorphism on specific IgG responses for COVID-19 in older adults seropositive for CMV. Methods: Blood samples of 25 older adults of both sexes were obtained at three different times: during a micro-outbreak (MO) of SARS-CoV-2 in 2020; eight months after (CURE); and 30 days after the administration of the second dose of ChadOx-1 vaccine (VAC). The specific IgG for both SARS-CoV-2 and CMV antigens, neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, and also the polymorphism profile for IFN-lambda-3 (rs12979860 C > T) were assessed. Results: Higher levels of specific IgG for SARS-CoV-2 antigens were found in the MO and VAC than in the CURE time-point. Volunteers with specific neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 showed better specific IgG responses for SARS-CoV-2 and lower specific IgG levels for CMV than volunteers without specific neutralizing antibodies. Significant negative correlations between the specific IgG levels for SARS-CoV-2 and CMV were found at the MO time-point, as well as in the group of individuals homozygous for allele 1 (C/C) in the MO time-point and heterozygotes (C/T) in the CURE time-point. Conclusion: Our results suggested that both CMV seropositivity and the homozygosis for allele 1 (C/C) in IFN-lambda-3 gene can negatively impact the antibody response to COVID-19 infection and vaccination in older adults. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Interaction of Cytomegalovirus with the Human Immune System)
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18 pages, 1986 KiB  
Article
Neutralizing Antibodies to Human Cytomegalovirus Recombinant Proteins Reduce Infection in an Ex Vivo Model of Developing Human Placentas
by Takako Tabata, Matthew Petitt, Julia Li, Xiaoyuan Chi, Wei Chen, Irina Yurgelonis, Sabine Wellnitz, Simon Bredl, Tiago Vicente, Xinzhen Yang, Philip R. Dormitzer and Lenore Pereira
Vaccines 2022, 10(7), 1074; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10071074 - 04 Jul 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1860
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the leading viral cause of congenital disease and permanent birth defects worldwide. Although the development of an effective vaccine is a public health priority, no vaccines are approved. Among the major antigenic targets are glycoproteins in the virion envelope, [...] Read more.
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the leading viral cause of congenital disease and permanent birth defects worldwide. Although the development of an effective vaccine is a public health priority, no vaccines are approved. Among the major antigenic targets are glycoproteins in the virion envelope, including gB, which facilitates cellular entry, and the pentameric complex (gH/gL/pUL128-131), required for the infection of specialized cell types. In this study, sera from rabbits immunized with the recombinant pentameric complex were tested for their ability to neutralize infection of epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and primary placental cell types. Sera from rhesus macaques immunized with recombinant gB or gB plus pentameric complex were tested for HCMV neutralizing activity on both cultured cells and cell column cytotrophoblasts in first-trimester chorionic villus explants. Sera from rabbits immunized with the pentameric complex potently blocked infection by pathogenic viral strains in amniotic epithelial cells and cytotrophoblasts but were less effective in fibroblasts and trophoblast progenitor cells. Sera from rhesus macaques immunized with the pentameric complex and gB more strongly reduced infection in fibroblasts, epithelial cells, and chorionic villus explants than sera from immunization with gB alone. These results suggest that the pentameric complex and gB together elicit antibodies that could have potential as prophylactic vaccine antigens. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Interaction of Cytomegalovirus with the Human Immune System)
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