Vaccines for Porcine Coronaviruses

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Vaccines".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 December 2025) | Viewed by 1452

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
Interests: coronavirus; virus-like particle vaccine; adjuvant; mucosal vaccine
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Porcine coronaviruses primarily infect pigs, causing various diseases that impact their respiratory or gastrointestinal systems. Common species include Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV), Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus (TGEV), and Porcine Deltacoronavirus (PDCoV). These viruses can lead to significant economic losses in the swine industry due to their high morbidity and mortality rates, particularly in neonatal piglets. For example, a swine CoV infection in October 2010 killed more than 1 million piglets in China. In 2013, swine CoV outbreaks in the United States of America (USA), Canada, and Mexico killed more than 8 million piglets in the USA alone. Research and control measures, including biosecurity practices and vaccine development, are critical for managing the spread of these viruses in pig populations.

The development of vaccines for porcine coronaviruses focuses on creating effective immunization strategies to prevent the spread of these viruses among swine populations. This involves identifying suitable viral antigens, employing various vaccine platforms such as inactivated, live-attenuated, or recombinant vaccines, and ensuring their safety and efficacy through extensive trials. Advances in molecular biology and virology have also enabled the exploration of novel approaches, such as mRNA-based vaccines or vector-based delivery systems, to enhance immune responses and provide robust protection against porcine coronavirus infections.

This Special Issue addresses past and ongoing efforts to develop vaccines against porcine coronaviruses. It welcomes original research articles and reviews whose scope includes, but is not limited to, the following: the development of porcine coronavirus vaccines; the immunogenicity of porcine coronavirus vaccines; and challenges in the development of porcine coronavirus vaccines.

I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Jung-Eun Park
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • porcine coronavirus
  • porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV)
  • transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV)
  • porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV)
  • swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV)
  • porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV)
  • porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (PHEV)
  • vaccine
  • immune response
  • protective efficacy

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 779 KB  
Article
Comparative Humoral Immune Responses Induced by Live-Attenuated and Inactivated Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Vaccines in Replacement Gilts
by Prapassorn Boonsoongnern, Orawan Boodde, Wilairat Chumsing, Pichai Jirawattanapong, Manakorn Sukmak, Yonlayong Woonwong, Narut Thanantong, Worawidh Wajjwalku and Alongkot Boonsoongnern
Vaccines 2026, 14(3), 231; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines14030231 - 28 Feb 2026
Viewed by 738
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a highly contagious enteric disease caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and is associated with severe clinical signs and high mortality in neonatal piglets. Vaccination is an important strategy for PED control through the induction [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a highly contagious enteric disease caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and is associated with severe clinical signs and high mortality in neonatal piglets. Vaccination is an important strategy for PED control through the induction of humoral immunity. This study aimed to compare immune responses induced by inactivated and live-attenuated PEDV vaccines and to evaluate a heterologous prime-boost vaccination strategy in PEDV-naïve replacement gilts. Methods: Twenty-four PEDV-naïve replacement gilts were randomly assigned to four groups: unvaccinated control, inactivated vaccine administered twice (K/K), live-attenuated vaccine administered twice (L/L), and live-attenuated priming followed by an inactivated booster (L/K). Pigs received two intramuscular vaccinations at 16 weeks of age and two weeks later. Serum samples collected up to 42 days post-vaccination were analyzed for PEDV-specific IgG and IgA antibodies by ELISA, and serum-neutralizing antibody titers were determined using a serum neutralization test. Results: The L/K regimen induced the highest PEDV-specific IgG responses, with peak levels at day 28 post-vaccination that were significantly higher than those in the K/K and control groups. Serum-neutralizing antibody titers were significantly higher in the L/K and L/L groups than in the K/K and control groups. Serum IgA responses were low and transient across all vaccination groups. Conclusions: A heterologous prime-boost vaccination strategy using a live-attenuated PEDV vaccine followed by an inactivated booster induces strong systemic humoral immune responses in replacement gilts and represents a promising approach for PEDV vaccination programs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vaccines for Porcine Coronaviruses)
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