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Symmetry
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New Trends in Plasma Physics
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New Trends in Plasma Physics

A special issue of Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994). This special issue belongs to the section "Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2021) | Viewed by 12224

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Valery S. Lisitsa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", P.O. Box 3402, Ploschad akademika Kurchatova 1, 123182 Moscow, Russia
2. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
Interests: general plasma physics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

The purpose of this Special Issue of Symmetry aims to collect new original contributions in the broad field of plasma physics. The objective is to disseminate the latest research and knowledge in this important area. The following areas are of particular interest: 

  • General plasma physics;
  • Symmetry;
  • Magnetic hydrodynamics;
  • Particle and heat transport;
  • Radiative transfer, spectral lines’ shapes;
  • Thermonuclear fusion.

Prof. Dr. Valery S. Lisitsa
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Symmetry is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

29 pages, 14046 KiB  
Article
Self-Similarity of Continuous-Spectrum Radiative Transfer in Plasmas with Highly Reflecting Walls
by Alexander B. Kukushkin and Pavel V. Minashin
Symmetry 2021, 13(7), 1303; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13071303 - 20 Jul 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2211
Abstract
Radiative Transfer (RT) in a continuous spectrum in plasmas is caused by the emission and absorption of electromagnetic waves (EM) by free electrons. For a wide class of problems, the deviation of the velocity distribution function (VDF) of free electrons from the thermodynamic [...] Read more.
Radiative Transfer (RT) in a continuous spectrum in plasmas is caused by the emission and absorption of electromagnetic waves (EM) by free electrons. For a wide class of problems, the deviation of the velocity distribution function (VDF) of free electrons from the thermodynamic equilibrium, the Maxwellian VDF, can be neglected. In this case, RT in the geometric optics approximation is reduced to a single transport equation for the intensity of EM waves with source and sink functions dependent on the macroscopic parameters of the plasma (temperature and density of electrons). Integration of this equation for RT of radio-frequency EM waves in laboratory plasmas with highly reflecting metallic walls is substantially complicated by the multiple reflections which make the waves with the long free path the dominant contributors to the power balance profile. This in turn makes the RT substantially nonlocal with the spatial–spectral profile of the power balance determined by the spatial integrals of the plasma parameters. The geometric symmetry of the bounding walls, especially when enhanced by the diffuse reflectivity, provides a semi-analytic description of the RT problem. Analysis of the accuracy of such an approach reveals an approximate self-similarity of the power balance profile and the radiation intensity spectrum in both approximate and ab initio modeling. This phenomenon is shown here for a wide range of plasma parameters and wall reflectivity, including data from various numeric codes. The relationship between the revealed self-similarity and the accuracy of numeric codes is discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Plasma Physics)
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15 pages, 9667 KiB  
Article
Research of Interaction between Ultra-Short Ultra-Intense Laser Pulses and Multiple Plasma Layers
by Fang Feng and Gang Lei
Symmetry 2021, 13(7), 1175; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13071175 - 29 Jun 2021
Viewed by 1530
Abstract
In this research, we studied the interaction between the ultra-intense laser and multiple copper layers covered with multiple hydrogen layers. The research conditions are based on the symmetric and asymmetric structure of multilayer copper and hydrogen. It was found that the acceleration obtained [...] Read more.
In this research, we studied the interaction between the ultra-intense laser and multiple copper layers covered with multiple hydrogen layers. The research conditions are based on the symmetric and asymmetric structure of multilayer copper and hydrogen. It was found that the acceleration obtained from the first copper and hydrogen layer plasma was higher and occurred earlier than the second copper and hydrogen layer plasma. We investigated the spatial distribution and phase-space distribution of copper electrons, copper ions, hydrogen electrons, and hydrogen protons with different widths of the front hydrogen layer and the front copper layer, respectively. Theoretical simulations show that when the ultra-intense laser was irradiated in multiple copper layers coated with multiple hydrogen layers targets, some plasma phase-space distribution varied clearly in the different thicknesses of the first hydrogen layer or first copper layer, while some plasma were not influenced by the thickness of these two layers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Plasma Physics)
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32 pages, 11607 KiB  
Article
Self-Similar Solutions in the Theory of Nonstationary Radiative Transfer in Spectral Lines in Plasmas and Gases
by Alexander B. Kukushkin, Andrei A. Kulichenko, Vladislav S. Neverov, Petr A. Sdvizhenskii, Alexander V. Sokolov and Vladimir V. Voloshinov
Symmetry 2021, 13(3), 394; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13030394 - 28 Feb 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1711
Abstract
Radiative transfer (RT) in spectral lines in plasmas and gases under complete redistribution of the photon frequency in the emission-absorption act is known as a superdiffusion transport characterized by the irreducibility of the integral (in the space coordinates) equation for the atomic excitation [...] Read more.
Radiative transfer (RT) in spectral lines in plasmas and gases under complete redistribution of the photon frequency in the emission-absorption act is known as a superdiffusion transport characterized by the irreducibility of the integral (in the space coordinates) equation for the atomic excitation density to a diffusion-type differential equation. The dominant role of distant rare flights (Lévy flights, introduced by Mandelbrot for trajectories generated by the Lévy stable distribution) is well known and is used to construct approximate analytic solutions in the theory of stationary RT (the escape probability method is the best example). In the theory of nonstationary RT, progress based on similar principles has been made recently. This includes approximate self-similar solutions for the Green’s function (i) at an infinite velocity of carriers (no retardation effects) to cover the Biberman–Holstein equation for various spectral line shapes; (ii) for a finite fixed velocity of carriers to cover a wide class of superdiffusion equations dominated by Lévy walks with rests; (iii) verification of the accuracy of above solutions by comparison with direct numerical solutions obtained using distributed computing. The article provides an overview of the above results with an emphasis on the role of distant rare flights in the discovery of nonstationary self-similar solutions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Plasma Physics)
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23 pages, 3043 KiB  
Article
Nonlinear Problems of Equilibrium Charge State Transport in Hot Plasmas
by Vladimir A. Shurygin
Symmetry 2021, 13(2), 324; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13020324 - 16 Feb 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1781
Abstract
The general coupling between particle transport and ionization-recombination processes in hot plasma is considered on the key concept of equilibrium charge state (CS) transport. A theoretical interpretation of particle and CS transport is gained in terms of a two-dimensional (2D) Markovian stochastic (random) [...] Read more.
The general coupling between particle transport and ionization-recombination processes in hot plasma is considered on the key concept of equilibrium charge state (CS) transport. A theoretical interpretation of particle and CS transport is gained in terms of a two-dimensional (2D) Markovian stochastic (random) processes, a discrete 2D Fokker-Plank-Kolmogorov equation (in charge and space variables) and generalized 2D coronal equilibrium between atomic processes and particle transport. The basic tool for analysis of CS equilibrium and transport is the equilibrium cell (EC) (two states on charge and two on space), which presents simultaneously a unit phase volume, the characteristic scales (in space and time) of local equilibrium, and a comprehensive solution for the simplest nonlinear relations between transport and atomic processes. The space-time relationships between the equilibrium constant, transport rates, density distributions, and impurity confinement time are found. The subsequent direct calculation of the total and partial density profiles and the transport coefficients of argon impurity showed a strong dependence of the 2D CS equilibrium and transport on the atomic structure of ions. A model for recovering the recombination rate profiles of carbon impurity was developed basing on the CS equilibrium conditions, the derived relationships, the data about density profiles, plasma parameters and ionization rates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Plasma Physics)
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9 pages, 627 KiB  
Article
Sliding Contacts in Planetary Magnetospheres
by Elena Belenkaya and Igor Alexeev
Symmetry 2021, 13(2), 283; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13020283 - 7 Feb 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1703
Abstract
In the planetary magnetospheres there are specific places connected with velocity breakdown, reconnection, and dynamo processes. Here we pay attention to sliding layers. Sliding layers are formed in the ionosphere, on separatrix surfaces, at the magnetopauses and boundaries of stellar astrospheres, and at [...] Read more.
In the planetary magnetospheres there are specific places connected with velocity breakdown, reconnection, and dynamo processes. Here we pay attention to sliding layers. Sliding layers are formed in the ionosphere, on separatrix surfaces, at the magnetopauses and boundaries of stellar astrospheres, and at the Alfvén radius in the equatorial magnetosphere of rapidly rotating strongly magnetized giant planets. Although sliding contacts usually occur in thin local layers, their influence on the global structure of the surrounding space is very great. Therefore, they are associated with non-local processes that play a key role on a large scale. There can be an exchange between different forms of energy, a generation of strong field-aligned currents and emissions, and an amplification of magnetic fields. Depending on the conditions in the magnetosphere of the planet/exoplanet and in the flow of magnetized plasma passing it, different numbers of sliding layers with different configurations appear. Some are associated with regions of auroras and possible radio emissions. The search for planetary radio emissions is a current task in the detection of exoplanets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Plasma Physics)
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Graphical abstract

14 pages, 487 KiB  
Article
The Coulomb Symmetry and a Universal Representation of Rydberg Spectral Line Shapes in Magnetized Plasmas
by Andrei Letunov and Valery Lisitsa
Symmetry 2020, 12(11), 1922; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12111922 - 21 Nov 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2068
Abstract
A new method of line shape calculations of hydrogen-like atoms in magnetized plasmas is presented. This algorithm makes it possible to solve two fundamental problems in the broadening theory: the analytical description of the radiation transition array between excited atomic states and an [...] Read more.
A new method of line shape calculations of hydrogen-like atoms in magnetized plasmas is presented. This algorithm makes it possible to solve two fundamental problems in the broadening theory: the analytical description of the radiation transition array between excited atomic states and an account of a thermal ion motion effect on the line shapes formation. The solution to the first problem is based on the semiclassical approach to dipole matrix elements calculations and the usage of the specific symmetry properties of the Coulomb field. The second one is considered in terms of the kinetic treatment of the frequency fluctuation model (FFM). As the result, one has a universal description of line shapes under the action of the dynamic of ion’s microfield. The final line shape is obtained by the convolution of the ionic line shape with the Voigt electron Doppler profile. The method is applicable formally for large values of principal quantum numbers. However, the efficiency of the results is demonstrated even for well known first members of the hydrogen Balmer series Dα and Dβ lines. The comparison of obtained results with accurate quantum calculations is presented. The new method may be of interest for investigations of spectral line shapes of hydrogen-like ions presented in different kinds of hot ionized environments with the presence of a magnetic field, including So L and divertor tokamak plasmas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Plasma Physics)
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