Optical and Wireless Communications towards 6G Networks

A special issue of Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994). This special issue belongs to the section "Engineering and Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2023) | Viewed by 3999

Special Issue Editors


E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
1. Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Av. Pedro Álvares Cabral No 12, 6000-084 Castelo Branco, Portugal
2. INESC TEC-Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
Interests: wireless sensor networks; communication protocols; low-power sensor applications; cognitive radios
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Guest Editor
Department of Electronic and Communication Engineering, Najjad Zeenni Faculty of Engineering, Al-Quds University, 20002 Jerusalem, Palestine
Interests: signal processing; wireless communications, cognitive radios; wireless sensor networks; 5G mobile netwoks and beyond; multiple access techniques; machine learning

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Guest Editor
Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology, Ha Noi 100000, Vietnam
Interests: optical technologies and architectures enabling 6G networks; Intra- and inter-data center optical networks and systems; optical-processing-enabled network; application of AI and ML in future optical networks; network optimization algorithms

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The fifth generation (5G) wireless networks currently being deployed may be unable to meet the full connectivity demands of our future digital society. In this context, several technologies that will evolve communication networks toward a sixth generation (6G) have attracted considerable attention in both academia and industry. The 6G paradigm will witness a convergence of radio frequency (RF) and non-RF links that encompass optical, visible light communication (VLC), infrared, ultraviolet, and acoustic communication, among others. The design of such joint RF/non-RF systems is still an open research area, including topics such as hybrid wireless systems, performance metrics, and asymmetrical / symmetrical communication channels in space, air, and underwater scenarios. Besides, to support the explosive traffic growth envisioned by 6G, the optical transport network connecting hundreds of thousands of cell sites needs to be technologically and architecturally re-designed. Improvements in order of magnitude capacity and economics of scale will be crucial.

This Special Issue invites original research that investigates the enabling of technologies for 6G communication systems where combined applications of optical and wireless networks are regarded as a promising approach. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Resource Allocation Algorithms;
  • Routing Protocols;
  • Propagation Channel Modelling;
  • Spectrum Management;
  • Performance Metrics in Hybrid RF/non-RF Systems;
  • Modulation and Coding Techniques;
  • Next-Generation Standards;
  • Optical and Wireless Communication Systems convergence;
  • Underwater, Maritime, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and Satellite Communications;
  • Intelligent Reflection Surface (IRS);
  • MIMO and Antenna Design;
  • Data Traffic Requirements and Asymmetries;
  • IoT Applications for Hybrid RF/non-RF Systems;
  • Signal Processing for Hybrid RF/non-RF Systems;
  • Integration of multiple Access Techniques with Hybrid RF/non-RF Systems;
  • Optical Technologies and Architectures Enabling 6G Networks;
  • Intra- and Inter-data Centre Optical Networks and Systems;
  • Application of AI and ML in Future Optical Networks;
  • Optical-processing-enabled Networks and Technologies.

We look forward to receiving your contributions

Dr. Rogério Dionísio
Prof. Dr. Ali Jamoos
Dr. Hai Dao Thanh
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1358 KiB  
Article
Deep-Reinforcement-Learning-Based Intelligent Routing Strategy for FANETs
by Deping Lin, Tao Peng, Peiliang Zuo and Wenbo Wang
Symmetry 2022, 14(9), 1787; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14091787 - 28 Aug 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2754
Abstract
Flying ad hoc networks (FANETs), which are composed of autonomous flying vehicles, constitute an important supplement to satellite networks and terrestrial networks, and they are indispensable for many scenarios including emergency communication. Unfortunately, the routing therein is largely affected by rapid topology changes, [...] Read more.
Flying ad hoc networks (FANETs), which are composed of autonomous flying vehicles, constitute an important supplement to satellite networks and terrestrial networks, and they are indispensable for many scenarios including emergency communication. Unfortunately, the routing therein is largely affected by rapid topology changes, frequent disconnection of links, and a high vehicle mobility. In this paper, an intelligent routing strategy based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is proposed, which is decentralized and takes into account the status of symmetrical nodes in two hops. In order to perceive the local dynamics of the network as comprehensively as possible, the location, moving speed, load degree, and link quality of the nodes are considered into the setting process of state elements in the method. The nodes can select the neighboring node adaptively according to the Q values calculated by the model obtained through the training of Deep Q-Networks. The simulation and analysis show that the proposed method possesses good convergence characteristics and has obviously better performance compared with several common methods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical and Wireless Communications towards 6G Networks)
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11 pages, 727 KiB  
Article
Man-in-the-Middle Attacks in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs): Analysis and Evaluation
by Mahmood A. Al-Shareeda and Selvakumar Manickam
Symmetry 2022, 14(8), 1543; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14081543 - 27 Jul 2022
Cited by 55 | Viewed by 6175
Abstract
Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are being used more and more in a variety of fields, including the environment, energy efficiency, smart transportation, intelligent agriculture, and in Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystems. They are also anticipated to play an increasingly significant role in [...] Read more.
Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are being used more and more in a variety of fields, including the environment, energy efficiency, smart transportation, intelligent agriculture, and in Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystems. They are also anticipated to play an increasingly significant role in the future of the Internet due to the strong evolution of wireless technology in recent years. Nevertheless, this inter-node communication is vulnerable to various security attacks such as Man–In-The-Middle (MITM) attacks, which are considered to be the main challenge in MANETs. This happens when a harmful node intercepts data shared by legal nodes. Therefore, the main goal of this work is to investigate the impact of attackers’ strategies to execute MITM assaults in MANETs, such as message-delayed and message-dropped assaults. The output of this work shows that these assaults have a severe impact on legal entities in MANETs as the network experiences a high number of compromised messages as well as high E2ED and PLD. Finally, by using symmetry or asymmetry cryptographies, our proposal will avoid MITM attacks that intercept the communication between legal nodes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical and Wireless Communications towards 6G Networks)
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