Applications Based on Symmetry and Asymmetry in Deep Learning and Artificial Intelligence Methods

A special issue of Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994). This special issue belongs to the section "Computer".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 429

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Cyber Security Research Centre, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
Interests: scene understanding and generation; multimodal representation; human-centered visual understanding
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LAAS-CNRS, Toulouse, France
Interests: model predictive control; robust control and filtering; fuzzy control; distributed control; resilient control; intrusion detection and security control; reinforcement learning; neural network; the applications in electric vehicle and power systems
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Guest Editor
School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
Interests: stereo vision; motion analysis; object detection; tracking for urban traffic scene understanding

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue explores the fundamental role of symmetry and asymmetry principles in deep learning and artificial intelligence, with a special focus on 3D point cloud processing and computer vision applications. We investigate how symmetrical and asymmetrical patterns influence neural network architectures and learning algorithms, particularly in processing unordered point clouds and visual data. Key areas include symmetry-aware point cloud analysis, geometric deep learning, symmetry detection in 3D shapes, and invariant feature learning in computer vision tasks. This collection bridges theoretical symmetry concepts with practical implementations, advancing both algorithmic designs and real-world applications.

Dr. Changshuo Wang
Dr. Zhijian Hu
Dr. Meiqing Wu
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • point cloud symmetry
  • neural network architecture
  • symmetry-aware feature learning
  • 3D shape analysis
  • computer vision symmetry
  • deep learning invariance
  • geometric deep learning
  • symmetry detection
  • vision transformers
  • symmetrical pattern recognition

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

31 pages, 9659 KiB  
Article
Full-Element Analysis of Side-Channel Leakage Dataset on Symmetric Cryptographic Advanced Encryption Standard
by Weifeng Liu, Wenchang Li, Xiaodong Cao, Yihao Fu, Juping Wu, Jian Liu, Aidong Chen, Yanlong Zhang, Shuo Wang and Jing Zhou
Symmetry 2025, 17(5), 769; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17050769 - 15 May 2025
Viewed by 183
Abstract
The application of deep learning in side-channel analysis faces critical challenges arising from dispersed public datasets—i.e., datasets collected from heterogeneous sources and platforms with varying formats, labeling schemes, and sampling settings—and insufficient sample distribution uniformity, characterized by imbalanced class distributions and long-tailed label [...] Read more.
The application of deep learning in side-channel analysis faces critical challenges arising from dispersed public datasets—i.e., datasets collected from heterogeneous sources and platforms with varying formats, labeling schemes, and sampling settings—and insufficient sample distribution uniformity, characterized by imbalanced class distributions and long-tailed label samples. This paper presents a systematic analysis of symmetric cryptographic AES side-channel leakage datasets, examining how these issues impact the performance of deep learning-based side-channel analysis (DL-SCA) models. We analyze over 10 widely used datasets, including DPA Contest and ASCAD, and highlight key inconsistencies via visualization, statistical metrics, and model performance evaluations. For instance, the DPA_v4 dataset exhibits extreme label imbalance with a long-tailed distribution, while the ASCAD datasets demonstrate missing leakage features. Experiments conducted using CNN and Transformer models show that such imbalances lead to high accuracy for a few labels (e.g., label 14 in DPA_v4) but also extremely poor accuracy (<0.5%) for others, severely degrading generalization. We propose targeted improvements through enhanced data collection protocols, training strategies, and feature alignment techniques. Our findings emphasize that constructing balanced datasets covering the full key space is vital to achieving robust and generalizable DL-SCA performance. This work contributes both empirical insights and methodological guidance for standardizing the design of side-channel datasets. Full article
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