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New Multidisciplinary Approaches for Reducing Food Waste in Agribusiness Supply Chains

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2022) | Viewed by 71118

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Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Management, College of Business Administration, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
Interests: food waste; operations management; sustainability; internet of things; big data analytics; artificial intelligence

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Guest Editor
Business & Management Research Institute, University of Bedfordshire, Luton LU1 3JU, UK
Interests: food waste; internet of things; big data analytics; artificial intelligence; food traceability systems; food processing industry

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Guest Editor
School of Computing, Engineering and Intelligent Systems, Ulster University, Londonderry BT48 7JL, UK
Interests: wearables; IoT; big data; health analytics; innovation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Management, College of Business Administration, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P. O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
Interests: supply chain collaboration for sustainability; food waste; internet of things; big data analytics; artificial intelligence; food traceability systems and food processing industry

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Bedfordshire, Luton LU1 3JU, UK
Interests: food waste; water engineering; internet of things; big data analytics; artificial intelligence; sensor systems

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is well known that food waste has huge social, economic, and environmental impacts (Chauhan et al., 2021; Schanes et al., 2018). Social impacts arise because a significant proportion of the world population suffer from hunger while others waste food (Jeswani et al., 2021). Economic impacts arise because everyone in food supply chains (food producers/manufacturers, supply chain partners, supermarkets, and households) can improve their own financial bottom line via (i) increased revenue and (ii) reduced waste-disposal costs by reducing food waste. Environmental impacts, meanwhile, arise in at least three ways. Nearly 8% of GHG emissions occur via the food waste that ends up in landfill. Significant resources (energy, labour, fertiliser, water, and more) that went into the production of the food are wasted if the food becomes a waste (Chen et al., 2020). There is also an indirect link between food waste and soil erosion due to the resource-intensive nature of food production. Hence, the importance of reducing food waste has been well recognized by all stakeholders. This is evidenced by both previous and current Special Issues in Sustainability devoted to this topic. Given the growing importance and the urgency of reducing food waste, we propose another Special Issue in this area, using a multi-disciplinary perspective.

There is growing need to increase food availability to feed the world’s growing population. The easiest way to improve food availability is by reducing food waste as it will provide a ‘win-win’ strategy for nutrition security and sustainability, and reduce hunger (Chen et al., 2020). Several sustainable development goals (SDGs) will be achieved directly or indirectly by reducing food waste. Countries around the world are making conscious efforts aimed at reducing food waste by 50% in the next few years, before 2030.

Food waste can occur in any part of the supply chain—from production, to food processing, to supply chains, and to consumers. Several so-called “low-hanging fruits” for reducing food waste have already been implemented. We currently need more sophisticated and integrated approaches for reducing food waste. Given the tremendous developments in digital technologies (internet of things sensors, big data analytics, artificial intelligence, smartphone apps, etc.), newer, multi-disciplinary solutions are becoming available and can be exploited to help reduce and combat food waste.

Given this background, we invite authors across the world to develop new multi-disciplinary approaches for reducing food waste in agribusiness supply chains. We interpret agribusiness supply chains broadly to include food production, processing, distribution and final consumption; studies on any of these topics may contribute to this Special Issue. Moreover, given the focus on multi-disciplinarity, we request that contributions involve at least two different fields of expertise (such as plant sciences and business, plant sciences and sensors, sensors and data analytics in agribusinesses, or behavioural issues, policies, regulations and business). Please note that this is not an exhaustive list.

We invite contributions involving qualitative, quantitative, mixed, and/or modelling approaches to tackle the food waste problem. We welcome papers that are deemed theoretical, empirical, computational, or model- or application-oriented. The Special Issue will seek papers that examine applications, impact, and implications of multi-disciplinary approaches for reducing food waste. Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Barriers and facilitators for agribusiness supply chains in reducing food waste;
  • The link between food waste and circular economy approaches;
  • Understanding patterns of, and solutions to, food waste in various cultural contexts;
  • Innovative applications of multi-disciplinary approaches;
  • Social and ethical issues;
  • Life cycle assessment and technology assessment;
  • Accounting, policy and legal aspects;
  • Stakeholder benefits and business models;
  • Computational and behavioural challenges;
  • Adaptability of the technology solutions developed in crisis situations to normal times;
  • Collaboration or network in supply chains to reduce food waste;
  • Sustainability supportive policies and regulations in agri-food supply chains;
  • Traceability and IoT to combat food waste.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

  1. Chauhan, C., Dhir, A., Akram, M. U., & Salo, J. (2021). Food loss and waste in food supply chains. A systematic literature review and framework development approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 295, 126438.
  2. Chen, C., Chaudhary, A., & Mathys, A. (2020). Nutritional and environmental losses embedded in global food waste. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 160, 104912.
  3. Jeswani, H. K., Figueroa-Torres, G., & Azapagic, A. (2021). The extent of food waste generation in the UK and its environmental impacts. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 26, 532-547.
  4. Schanes, K., Dobernig, K., & Gözet, B. (2018). Food waste matters-A systematic review of household food waste practices and their policy implications. Journal of cleaner production, 182, 978-991.

Prof. Dr. Ramakrishnan Ramanathan
Prof. Dr. Yanqing Duan
Prof. Dr. Joan Condell
Prof. Dr. Usha Ramanathan
Dr. Tahmina Ajmal
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • food waste
  • case studies
  • qualitative
  • quantitative
  • modelling
  • multi-disciplinarity
  • agribusiness supply chains
  • circular economy

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Published Papers (13 papers)

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Research

Jump to: Review

22 pages, 2295 KiB  
Article
A Decision Support Model for Cost-Effective Choice of Temperature-Controlled Transport of Fresh Food
by Lohithaksha M. Maiyar, Ramakrishnan Ramanathan, Indira Roy and Usha Ramanathan
Sustainability 2023, 15(8), 6821; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086821 - 18 Apr 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2172
Abstract
The application of a plethora of wireless technologies to support real-time food quality monitoring during transportation has significantly improved the performance of fresh food delivery systems. However, deployment of these technologies increases the capital and operational costs of food delivery and, hence, not [...] Read more.
The application of a plethora of wireless technologies to support real-time food quality monitoring during transportation has significantly improved the performance of fresh food delivery systems. However, deployment of these technologies increases the capital and operational costs of food delivery and, hence, not all food delivery operations need to employ them. This paper looks at the trade-off of the costs involved in utilizing these technologies with the nature of food delivered, the length of transportation, and the perceived costs of food wasted using a linear programming model. The problem is formulated over a bi-echelon network with the possibility of transporting the fresh produce through dry vans, vans with temperature control but without monitoring capability, and vans with temperature control and monitoring capability. Results indicate that under situations of infinite vehicle resource availability, the optimal choice of the van type is independent of the demand levels; however, the optimal choice changes for different travel distances and the value of penalty costs (of allowing food to go waste). For example, technologies that maintain and monitor the temperature of storage conditions will be useful for food items that quickly become waste, especially when transported over longer distances and when the penalty costs are higher. Full article
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24 pages, 9199 KiB  
Article
Real-Time Anomaly Detection in Cold Chain Transportation Using IoT Technology
by James Gillespie, Tamíris Pacheco da Costa, Xavier Cama-Moncunill, Trevor Cadden, Joan Condell, Tom Cowderoy , Elaine Ramsey, Fionnuala Murphy, Marco Kull, Robert Gallagher and Ramakrishnan Ramanathan
Sustainability 2023, 15(3), 2255; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15032255 - 25 Jan 2023
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 6078
Abstract
There are approximately 88 million tonnes of food waste generated annually in the EU alone. Food spoilage during distribution accounts for some of this waste. To minimise this spoilage, it is of utmost importance to maintain the cold chain during the transportation of [...] Read more.
There are approximately 88 million tonnes of food waste generated annually in the EU alone. Food spoilage during distribution accounts for some of this waste. To minimise this spoilage, it is of utmost importance to maintain the cold chain during the transportation of perishable foods such as meats, fruits, and vegetables. However, these products are often unfortunately wasted in large quantities when unpredictable failures occur in the refrigeration units of transport vehicles. This work proposes a real-time IoT anomaly detection system to detect equipment failures and provide decision support options to warehouse staff and delivery drivers, thus reducing potential food wastage. We developed a bespoke Internet of Things (IoT) solution for real-time product monitoring and alerting during cold chain transportation, which is based on the Digital Matter Eagle cellular data logger and two temperature probes. A visual dashboard was developed to allow logistics staff to perform monitoring, and business-defined temperature thresholds were used to develop a text and email decision support system, notifying relevant staff members if anomalies were detected. The IoT anomaly detection system was deployed with Musgrave Marketplace, Ireland’s largest grocery distributor, in three of their delivery vans operating in the greater Belfast area. Results show that the LTE-M cellular IoT system is power efficient and avoids sending false alerts due to the novel alerting system which was developed based on trip detection. Full article
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14 pages, 3451 KiB  
Article
Using IoT Sensor Technologies to Reduce Waste and Improve Sustainability in Artisanal Fish Farming in Southern Brazil
by Ramakrishnan Ramanathan, Yanqing Duan, Joaquim Valverde, Samuel Van Ransbeeck, Tahmina Ajmal and Silma Valverde
Sustainability 2023, 15(3), 2078; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15032078 - 21 Jan 2023
Viewed by 3435
Abstract
Modern digital technologies have the great potential to improve the sustainability of fish farming in artisanal fisheries. However, in spite of the popularity of these technologies for fish farming in other parts of the world, Brazil still lags behind. To fill this gap, [...] Read more.
Modern digital technologies have the great potential to improve the sustainability of fish farming in artisanal fisheries. However, in spite of the popularity of these technologies for fish farming in other parts of the world, Brazil still lags behind. To fill this gap, this study has conducted the first field study in implementing the IoT sensor technologies in Southern Brazil and documents the experiences in this paper. More specifically, it discusses developing sustainable artisanal fisheries infrastructure using these technologies with reference to southern Brazil, where the study explores the use of sensor technology in aquaculture and its effectiveness in reducing waste and improving productivity. The overarching goal of the project is to demonstrate how simple data collection using IoT sensors and its analysis can support artisanal freshwater fish farms in Brazil and beyond to increase production, reduce waste, and thereby improve their sustainability. The pilot implementation of these technologies has demonstrated the potential of increasing the productivity of the artisanal fisheries, reducing waste (e.g., loss of farmed fish, optimised feeding to reduce waste of feeds), and improving the sustainability of aquaculture. This paper documents the valuable firsthand experiences of selecting, adapting, and implementing the IoT sensor technologies with close cooperation from local research institutions and artisanal fish farmers. The paper describes the different implementation stages and use interviews with stakeholders as a testimony of the effectiveness of the IoT technology adoption. Full article
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21 pages, 1320 KiB  
Article
Motivations and Challenges for Food Companies in Using IoT Sensors for Reducing Food Waste: Some Insights and a Road Map for the Future
by Ramakrishnan Ramanathan, Yanqing Duan, Tahmina Ajmal, Katarzyna Pelc, James Gillespie, Sahar Ahmadzadeh, Joan Condell, Imke Hermens and Usha Ramanathan
Sustainability 2023, 15(2), 1665; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021665 - 15 Jan 2023
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 6055
Abstract
Food waste is a serious problem worldwide, including in Europe. Research efforts are being carried out to reduce food waste. In this paper, we focus on using modern digital technologies (also known as Industry 4.0 technologies) to reduce waste in food supply chains. [...] Read more.
Food waste is a serious problem worldwide, including in Europe. Research efforts are being carried out to reduce food waste. In this paper, we focus on using modern digital technologies (also known as Industry 4.0 technologies) to reduce waste in food supply chains. Based on interactions with a number of food companies in Europe over the last four years using Action Research, we provide new insights on the motivations and challenges for food companies when they are engaged in the use of technologies for reducing food waste in their supply chains. Motivations for firms include improved food quality of their produce, improved reliability, support in meeting legal requirements, a green image, and improved revenues from selling the food that has been saved. However, data security issues and trust issues posed challenges in using these technologies. Since this is an emerging area of research, we look at potential business models for technology companies for working with food companies in reducing food waste, identify value propositions and value capture, and look at how these investments in technologies can improve the sustainability of food businesses. We believe technology companies can leverage the opportunities, develop new business models with value propositions around the use of technologies, and support food companies via timely alerts in case of potential quality issues. Value capture occurs via the sale of hardware and subscriptions. Full article
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18 pages, 2441 KiB  
Article
Management of Postharvest Losses and Wastages in the Indian Tomato Supply Chain—A Temperature-Controlled Storage Perspective
by Aishwarya Mohan, Ramesh Krishnan, Kaur Arshinder, John Vandore and Usha Ramanathan
Sustainability 2023, 15(2), 1331; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021331 - 10 Jan 2023
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 7595
Abstract
Tomatoes are an extensively cultivated and consumed horticulture product in India. Horticulture produce undergoes a series of operations such as harvesting, storage, packaging, loading, unloading, and transportation before reaching the end customer in the food supply chain (FSC). Any inefficiencies in these operations [...] Read more.
Tomatoes are an extensively cultivated and consumed horticulture product in India. Horticulture produce undergoes a series of operations such as harvesting, storage, packaging, loading, unloading, and transportation before reaching the end customer in the food supply chain (FSC). Any inefficiencies in these operations cause postharvest losses (PHL) and affect the whole FSC. However, the focus of existing studies has been more on improving productivity than addressing PHL. Several technologies, such as cold storage and evaporative cooling, are available to address PHL, but hardly any technology has been implemented in the Indian FSC. Hence, studies need to identify technology adoption barriers and perform a feasibility analysis of the available technologies. This study addresses this gap by first identifying the cause and effect of PHL in the Indian tomato FSC, exploring different technologies to address the PHL and challenges in implementing those technologies, and finally proposing a feasible option to manage PHL. The case study approach was followed for the collection of relevant data. The findings show several reasons for PHL across the stages of the FSC, including reduced shelf life due to improper storage and long-distance transport. Based on the analysis of the available technologies, temperature-controlled storage facilities and collaboration among FSC partners are suggested as the best possible solutions to address the problem of PHL. Full article
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23 pages, 2550 KiB  
Article
An Organisational-Life Cycle Assessment Approach for Internet of Things Technologies Implementation in a Human Milk Bank
by Tamíris Pacheco da Costa, James Gillespie, Katarzyna Pelc, Natalie Shenker, Gillian Weaver, Ramakrishnan Ramanathan and Fionnuala Murphy
Sustainability 2023, 15(2), 1137; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021137 - 6 Jan 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2673
Abstract
Human milk banks (HMB) are responsible for screening and recruiting milk donors with surplus milk to their own infant’s needs, followed by transporting, heat-treating (pasteurising) and microbiologically confirming the donor human milk (DHM) is safe to issue to vulnerable infants. Maintaining the safety [...] Read more.
Human milk banks (HMB) are responsible for screening and recruiting milk donors with surplus milk to their own infant’s needs, followed by transporting, heat-treating (pasteurising) and microbiologically confirming the donor human milk (DHM) is safe to issue to vulnerable infants. Maintaining the safety and quality of DHM are vital requirements in HMB operations. DHM must be maintained in ideal temperature conditions throughout the whole period—from expression until delivery. In this regard, monitoring technologies (e.g., sensors, Big Data and the Internet of Things) have become a viable solution to avoid food loss, allowing prompt corrective action. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the trade-offs between optimising DHM transportation and the environmental impact of implementing such technologies. The environmental performance was carried out through an Organisational Life Cycle Assessment (O-LCA). The electricity consumed during milk storage is the main driver for the environmental impacts in this organisation, responsible for up to 82% of the impacts in ionising radiation. The transportation stage and the treatment of discarded DHM were also relevant for ozone formation and marine eutrophication, respectively. Considering the strategy to integrate monitoring technologies to control the temperature conditions during transportation and the reduction of milk discarded by 3%, an environmental impact reduction can be also observed. In some categories, such as global warming, it could avoid around 863 kg of CO2-eq per year. The sensitivity analysis showed that the impacts of the HMB depend highly on the transport distance. In addition, changing the transportation mode from motorcycles to drones or electric vehicles can affect the environmental performance of this organisation. Therefore, human milk transport logistics must be studied in a multidisciplinary way to encompass all possible impacts of these strategies. Full article
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24 pages, 2995 KiB  
Article
Life Cycle Assessment Tool for Food Supply Chain Environmental Evaluation
by Tamíris Pacheco da Costa, James Gillespie, Katarzyna Pelc, Abi Adefisan, Michael Adefisan, Ramakrishnan Ramanathan and Fionnuala Murphy
Sustainability 2023, 15(1), 718; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15010718 - 31 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 6408
Abstract
Food is at the centre of efforts to combat climate change, reduce water stress, pollution, and conserve the world’s wildlife. Assessing the environmental performance of food companies is essential to provide a comprehensive view of the production processes and gain insight into improvement [...] Read more.
Food is at the centre of efforts to combat climate change, reduce water stress, pollution, and conserve the world’s wildlife. Assessing the environmental performance of food companies is essential to provide a comprehensive view of the production processes and gain insight into improvement options, but such a tool is currently non-existent in the literature. This study proposed a tool based on the life cycle assessment methodology focused on six stages of the food chain, raw materials acquisition, supplier, manufacturing, distribution, retail and wastes. The user can also evaluate the implementation of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies to reduce food waste applied in the real-world problems. The tool was validated through a case study of a food manufacturing company that prepares frozen meals via vending machines. The LCA results provided by the tool showed that food raw materials production is the main hotspot of nine impact categories. The IoT technologies’ contribution increased the company’s impact by around 0.4%. However, it is expected that employing these monitoring technologies would prevent food waste generation and the associated environmental impacts. Therefore, the results of this paper provide evidence that the proposed tool is suitable for determining environmental impacts and savings of food supply chain companies. Full article
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17 pages, 2204 KiB  
Article
A Case Study of Human Milk Banking with Focus on the Role of IoT Sensor Technology
by Usha Ramanathan, Katarzyna Pelc, Tamíris Pacheco da Costa, Ramakrishnan Ramanathan and Natalie Shenker
Sustainability 2023, 15(1), 243; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15010243 - 23 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3129
Abstract
Human milk is the biological norm for newborn nutrition, with breast milk from the mother being recognized as the best source of nutrition for infant health. When the mother’s milk is unavailable, donor human milk is the best alternative for infants with low [...] Read more.
Human milk is the biological norm for newborn nutrition, with breast milk from the mother being recognized as the best source of nutrition for infant health. When the mother’s milk is unavailable, donor human milk is the best alternative for infants with low birthweights. Growing recognition of the benefits of donor human milk has led to increasing global interest in monitoring and controlling human milk’s quality to fulfil the need for donor human milk. In response to this need, the REAMIT project proposed to adapt and apply existing innovative technology to continuously monitor and record human milk quality and signal potential milk quality issues. IoT sensors and big data technology have been used to monitor conditions that may increase spoilage (such as temperature and humidity) in the transportation stage. The sensors were installed in the insulated bags used to transport the milk from the donor’s home or hospital to the human milk bank and vice versa. The temperature and humidity were collected every 30 min, whilst the GPS locator sent data every 2 min. The data are collected in the cloud using GPRS/CAT-M1 technology. An algorithm was designed to send alerts when the milk temperature is above the prespecified threshold specified by the organisation, i.e., above −20 °C. The experience showed evidence that IoT sensors can efficiently be used to monitor and maintain quality in supply chains of high-quality human milk. This rare product needs a high level of quality control, which is possible with the support of smart technologies. The IoT technology used can help the human milk supply chain in five different aspects, namely by reducing waste, assuring quality, improving availability, reducing cost and improving sustainability. This system could be extended to various supply chains of rare and precious commodities, including further medical supplies such as human blood and organs, to completely avoid waste and ensure total quality in supply chains. Full article
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11 pages, 3723 KiB  
Article
Raman Spectroscopy Application in Food Waste Analysis: A Step towards a Portable Food Quality-Warning System
by Omar Hussein Dib, Ali Assaf, Alexia Pean, Marie-Jose Durand, Sulivan Jouanneau, Ramakrishnan Ramanathan and Gérald Thouand
Sustainability 2023, 15(1), 188; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15010188 - 22 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1866
Abstract
Food waste is one of the main problems contributing to climate change, as its piling up in landfills produces the greenhouse gas methane. Food waste occurs at every stage of food production; however, a major source of food waste occurs at businesses that [...] Read more.
Food waste is one of the main problems contributing to climate change, as its piling up in landfills produces the greenhouse gas methane. Food waste occurs at every stage of food production; however, a major source of food waste occurs at businesses that supply food to consumers. Industry 4.0 technologies have shown promise in helping to reduce food waste in food supply chains. However, more innovative technologies, such as Raman spectroscopy, hold great promise in helping to reduce food waste, although this has largely been ignored in the literature. In this context, we propose a portable Raman platform to monitor food quality during transportation. The developed system was tested in conditions mimicking those present in a refrigerated truck by analyzing chicken samples stored at temperatures of 4 °C. Raman spectra were acquired for non-packaged and packaged samples over the duration of 30 days resulting in 6000 spectra. The analysis of Raman spectra revealed that the system was able to detect noticeable changes in chicken quality starting on day six. The main Raman bands contributing to this change are amide I and tyrosine. The proposed system will offer the potential to reduce food losses during transportation by consistently checking the food quality over time. Full article
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18 pages, 2456 KiB  
Article
Adapting Digital Technologies to Reduce Food Waste and Improve Operational Efficiency of a Frozen Food Company—The Case of Yumchop Foods in the UK
by Usha Ramanathan, Ramakrishnan Ramanathan, Abiodun Adefisan, Tamíris Da Costa, Xavier Cama-Moncunill and Gautam Samriya
Sustainability 2022, 14(24), 16614; https://doi.org/10.3390/su142416614 - 12 Dec 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 5238
Abstract
Cold storage is an essential operation for many food products in cold supply chains. The main objective of this kind of storage is to preserve the food products for a certain period of time. However, often due to a lack of accurate technology, [...] Read more.
Cold storage is an essential operation for many food products in cold supply chains. The main objective of this kind of storage is to preserve the food products for a certain period of time. However, often due to a lack of accurate technology, humidity and temperature in food storge are not monitored in real-time, which will affect the food quality. At present, the Internet of Things (IoT) has become a very popular choice for businesses in food supply chains. This is mainly because of the easy availability of internet, which helps monitor and control the quality of food in storage and transport. In this paper, the experiences of adapting and testing IoT sensors and Big Data technology for reducing food waste in a frozen food manufacturer in the UK are presented. The temperature and humidity monitoring within the operations of this ready-to-eat frozen meal company are also expected to maintain food quality and adhere to legal food safety requirements. Our reflection of experience gained in the installation of the sensors, collecting the data to a cloud server, and conducting data analytics with the data are also described. During the implementation of the technology, the company was able to identify optimal and non-optimal storage conditions for their food products and pre-processed ingredients. This allowed the further development of an alert system and corrective action protocol assisted using the technology installed. Results of the case study evidenced and reported a thorough real-time monitoring system that was able to reduce food waste and assure product quality, which could be applied in different stages of the food supply chain. This case can influence several food businesses to start adapting technology in their routine operations to ensure food quality and safety. Full article
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Review

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19 pages, 1969 KiB  
Review
A Comprehensive Review on Food Waste Reduction Based on IoT and Big Data Technologies
by Sahar Ahmadzadeh, Tahmina Ajmal, Ramakrishnan Ramanathan and Yanqing Duan
Sustainability 2023, 15(4), 3482; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15043482 - 14 Feb 2023
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 10223
Abstract
Food waste reduction, as a major application area of the Internet of Things (IoT) and big data technologies, has become one of the most pressing issues. In recent years, there has been an unprecedented increase in food waste, which has had a negative [...] Read more.
Food waste reduction, as a major application area of the Internet of Things (IoT) and big data technologies, has become one of the most pressing issues. In recent years, there has been an unprecedented increase in food waste, which has had a negative impact on economic growth in many countries. Food waste has also caused serious environmental problems. Agricultural production, post-harvest handling, and storage, as well as food processing, distribution, and consumption, can all lead to food wastage. This wastage is primarily caused by inefficiencies in the food supply chain and a lack of information at each stage of the food cycle. In order to minimize such effects, the Internet of Things, big data-based systems, and various management models are used to reduce food waste in food supply chains. This paper provides a comprehensive review of IoT and big data-based food waste management models, algorithms, and technologies with the aim of improving resource efficiency and highlights the key challenges and opportunities for future research. Full article
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16 pages, 1005 KiB  
Review
Corporate Reporting on Food Waste by UK Seafood Companies: Literature Review and an Assessment of Current Practices
by Mohammad Al-Tamimi, John De-Clerk Azure and Ramakrishnan Ramanathan
Sustainability 2023, 15(2), 1213; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021213 - 9 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2919
Abstract
Over 10% of the world’s population is undernourished, yet 1/3 of all food produced each year is lost or wasted. Such a level of inefficiency in the global food system has a significant economic, social, and environmental impact which has elicited calls for [...] Read more.
Over 10% of the world’s population is undernourished, yet 1/3 of all food produced each year is lost or wasted. Such a level of inefficiency in the global food system has a significant economic, social, and environmental impact which has elicited calls for urgent global action. This paper responds to this call by developing an interdisciplinary framework focusing on legal, regulatory, accounting, and reporting frameworks to improve the prevention or reduction of food loss and waste (FLW). Mobilising a literature review, this paper advances a three-pronged suggestion for tackling FLW in UK seafood companies: the development of technological solutions in the form of sensors; the enactment of a comprehensive legal and regulatory reporting template for seafood companies; and finally, the development of accounting standards that mandate reporting beyond the current Food and Waste Accounting and Reporting Standard by the Water Resources Institute (WRI), which is modelled on voluntary compliance. Full article
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27 pages, 3855 KiB  
Review
A Systematic Review of Real-Time Monitoring Technologies and Its Potential Application to Reduce Food Loss and Waste: Key Elements of Food Supply Chains and IoT Technologies
by Tamíris Pacheco da Costa, James Gillespie, Xavier Cama-Moncunill, Shane Ward, Joan Condell, Ramakrishnan Ramanathan and Fionnuala Murphy
Sustainability 2023, 15(1), 614; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15010614 - 29 Dec 2022
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 9603
Abstract
Continuous monitoring of food loss and waste (FLW) is crucial for improving food security and mitigating climate change. By measuring quality parameters such as temperature and humidity, real-time sensors are technologies that can continuously monitor the quality of food and thereby help reduce [...] Read more.
Continuous monitoring of food loss and waste (FLW) is crucial for improving food security and mitigating climate change. By measuring quality parameters such as temperature and humidity, real-time sensors are technologies that can continuously monitor the quality of food and thereby help reduce FLW. While there is enough literature on sensors, there is still a lack of understanding on how, where and to what extent these sensors have been applied to monitor FLW. In this paper, a systematic review of 59 published studies focused on sensor technologies to reduce food waste in food supply chains was performed with a view to synthesising the experience and lessons learnt. This review examines two aspects of the field, namely, the type of IoT technologies applied and the characteristics of the supply chains in which it has been deployed. Supply chain characteristics according to the type of product, supply chain stage, and region were examined, while sensor technology explores the monitored parameters, communication protocols, data storage, and application layers. This article shows that, while due to their high perishability and short shelf lives, monitoring fruit and vegetables using a combination of temperature and humidity sensors is the most recurring goal of the research, there are many other applications and technologies being explored in the research space for the reduction of food waste. In addition, it was demonstrated that there is huge potential in the field, and that IoT technologies should be continually explored and applied to improve food production, management, transportation, and storage to support the cause of reducing FLW. Full article
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