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A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Sustainability".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (21 April 2023) | Viewed by 8094

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Dr. Yuntao Ju

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Guest Editor

College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Interests: hybrid energy system modeling; high-speed dynamic simulation; large-scale system parameter identification; state estimation and uncertainty optimization

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, society has begun to realize the importance of low-carbon development, i.e., a sustainable development mode characterized by low energy consumption, low pollution, and low emissions, which is of great significance to the sustainable development of society and economy. As one of the industries with high carbon emissions, the power industry must be transformed as soon as possible in order to achieve sustainable development. Therefore, the green reconstruction of power systems is very important. First of all, the power sector should collate statistics of carbon emissions of power systems in each region and use these as the basis for evaluating low-carbon development locally. At the same time, the process of evaluation should be fully combined with local energy emission standards, urban development, and residents’ living habits through the analysis of the structural factors of electricity carbon emissions, and according to the planning of the power system itself and the application of automation technology, so as to achieve low-carbon power planning and development.

Secondly, through the utilization of all kinds of renewable resources, the automation of future power systems can be better developed. Power system automation in the future is bound to have a better prospect of development; in this process, reasonable power system planning is very important, so we must be aware of the importance of power system planning and automation development.

Dr. Yuntao Ju
Guest Editor

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Keywords

sustainable development
low-carbon development
power system planning
automation development
power system

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

24 pages, 9590 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Optimal Allocation and Sizing of Decentralized Solar Photovoltaic Generators Using Unit Financial Impact Indicator

by Ozcel Cangul, Roberto Rocchetta, Murat Fahrioglu and Edoardo Patelli

Sustainability 2023, 15(15), 11715; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511715 - 29 Jul 2023

Viewed by 766

Abstract

A novel financial metric denominated unit financial impact indicator (UFII) is proposed to minimize the payback period for solar photovoltaic (PV) systems investments and quantify the financial efficiency of allocation and sizing strategies. However, uncontrollable environmental conditions and operational uncertainties, such as variable power demands, component failures, and weather conditions, can threaten the robustness of the investment, and their effect needs to be accounted for. Therefore, a new probabilistic framework is proposed for the robust and optimal positioning and sizing of utility-scale PV systems in a transmission network. The probabilistic framework includes a new cloud intensity simulator to model solar photovoltaic power production based on historical data and quantified using an efficient Monte Carlo method. The optimized solution obtained using weighted sums of expected UFII and its variance is compared against those obtained by using well-established economic metrics from literature. The efficiency and usefulness of the proposed approach are tested on the 14-bus IEEE power grid case study. The results prove the applicability and efficacy of the new probabilistic metric to quantify the financial effectiveness of solar photovoltaic investments on different nodes and geographical regions in a power grid, considering the unavoidable conditional and operational uncertainty. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Power System Planning and Sustainable Energy)

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32 pages, 9963 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Optimal Planning Approaches under Various Seasonal Variations across an Active Distribution Grid Encapsulating Large-Scale Electrical Vehicle Fleets and Renewable Generation

by Muhammad Huzaifa, Arif Hussain, Waseem Haider, Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi, Usman Ahmad and Habib Ur Rehman

Sustainability 2023, 15(9), 7499; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15097499 - 03 May 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1753

Abstract

With the emergence of the smart grid, the distribution network is facing various problems, such as power limitations, voltage uncertainty, and many others. Apart from the power sector, the growth of electric vehicles (EVs) is leading to a rising power demand. These problems can potentially lead to blackouts. This paper presents three meta-heuristic techniques: grey wolf optimization (GWO), whale optimization algorithm (WOA), and dandelion optimizer (DO) for optimal allocation (sitting and sizing) of solar photovoltaic (SPV), wind turbine generation (WTG), and electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs). The aim of implementing these techniques is to optimize allocation of renewable energy distributed generation (RE-DG) for reducing active power losses, reactive power losses, and total voltage deviation, and to improve the voltage stability index in radial distribution networks (RDNs). MATLAB 2022a was used for the simulation of meta-heuristic techniques. The proposed techniques were implemented on IEEE 33-bus RDN for optimal allocation of RE-DGs and EVCSs while considering seasonal variations and uncertainty modeling. The results validate the efficiency of meta-heuristic techniques with a substantial reduction in active power loss, reactive power loss, and an improvement in the voltage profile with optimal allocation across all considered scenarios. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Power System Planning and Sustainable Energy)

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20 pages, 7893 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Firefly Optimization Heuristics for Sustainable Estimation in Power System Harmonics

by Naveed Ahmed Malik, Naveed Ishtiaq Chaudhary and Muhammad Asif Zahoor Raja

Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4816; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15064816 - 08 Mar 2023

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1277

Abstract

The sustainable power development requires the study of power quality while taking into account of electrical equipment is an important aspect because it highly compromises the overall efficiency including quality, reliability and continuity of power flow. The aim for smooth power flow is only accomplished if compatibility is met between all the instruments connected to the system. The odd harmonics both on amplitude and phase domain must be known in order to exactly cop up with their adverse effects on overall working of the system. In this regard, parameter estimation is performed in detail for diverse generation size (gs) and particle size (ps), besides for altered signal to noise ratio. Firefly optimization technique under different scenarios for both phase and amplitude parameters accurately estimated the power signal harmonics and proved its robustness under different noise levels. The MSE values achieved by FFO are 6.54 × 10⁻³, 1.04 × 10⁻⁵ and 1.35 × 10⁻⁶ for 20 dB, 50 dB and 80 dB respectively for gs = 200 in case study 1. While the respective results in case study 2 are 7.33 × 10⁻³, 6.67 × 10⁻⁶ and 6.59 × 10⁻⁹ for gs = 1000. Whereas no significant effect in performance is seen with the change in ps values. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Power System Planning and Sustainable Energy)

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21 pages, 10793 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Supporting Base System on the Flexural Behavior and Toughness of the Lighting GFRP Poles

by Mahmoud T. Nawar, Mostafa E. Kaka, Ayman El-Zohairy, Osama Elhosseiny and Ibrahim T. Arafa

Sustainability 2022, 14(19), 12614; https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912614 - 04 Oct 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1260

Abstract

Due to the high risk of common traffic electric poles, the use of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) material in electric poles has become essential due to its excellent advantages such as high strength to weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and electrical insulation, which keeps people safe. To reduce the accidental effect of street lighting poles on humans, the generated energy during the collision must be absorbed. Experimental and numerical investigations were carried out to identify the efficiency of tapered GFRP electric poles with handle doors using steel sleeve bases until the occurrence of failure. Six full-scale cantilever bending tests were performed to investigate the strength and ductility of the GFRP pole. Moreover, finite element (FE) models were developed using Abaqus software and verified against tests to provide alternative tools instead of lab experiments. An extensive parametric study was carried out to predict the effect of the GFRP pole wall thickness, base plate geometric (length, diameter, and wall thickness), electric cable hole diameter, material properties, and base sleeve geometric (length and wall thickness) on the toughness of the GFRP pole. Based on the results of the load–displacement (P–Δ) curves, the flexibility of the GFRP poles was directly proportional to their length and the local buckling failure often occurred at the handle door. Strengthening the zone of the handle door using a steel ring was investigated to prevent the local buckling failure at this part. However, the wall thickness of the GFRP pole, base sleeve height, base plate dimensions, and base plate material properties were the most effective parameters to enhance accidental energy absorption through large deformation kinematics. The base sleeve thickness had a slight direct effect on the ductility and toughness of the GFRP pole. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Power System Planning and Sustainable Energy)

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13 pages, 3524 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Multiobjective Decision-Making Model for Power Scheduling Problem in Smart Homes

by Chen-Yu Chang and Pei-Fang Tsai

Sustainability 2022, 14(19), 11867; https://doi.org/10.3390/su141911867 - 21 Sep 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 947

Abstract

The aim of this study was to solve power scheduling issues in smart homes to enable demand response in smart grids. The objective of demand response is to match demand with supply by reflecting supply expectations through consumer price signals, and especially to avoid peak demand during times of high prices and when supply is limited. Three objectives were considered: first, economic rationing by minimizing the total costs for consumers with the given hourly prices; second, to achieve better efficiency in terms of supply and greater stability in a power system by reducing peaks in usage or load, which is defined by minimizing the percentage of power rate; third, related to consumer comfort levels, by reducing variance in the schedule of appliances to actual usage periods requested. This multiobjective power scheduling problem for smart homes (PHPSH) was explored using a nondominated sorting genetic algorithm, called NSGA-II. The results showed that the Pareto-optimal solutions from NSGA-II are compatible with the weighted-sum-based model from the literature, and viable alternatives are available for end users with different weighted objectives. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Power System Planning and Sustainable Energy)

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29 pages, 1864 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Tri-Level Integrated Optimization Design Method of a CCHP Microgrid with Composite Energy Storage

by Yi Yan, Xuerui Wang, Ke Li, Xiaopeng Kang, Weizheng Kong and Hongcai Dai

Sustainability 2022, 14(9), 5322; https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095322 - 28 Apr 2022

Viewed by 1247

Abstract

Combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) microgrids are important means of solving the energy crisis and environmental problems. Multidimensional composite energy storage systems (CESSs) are vital to promoting the absorption of distributed renewable energy using CCHP microgrids and improving the level of energy cascade utilization. In this context, this paper proposes a multi-energy coupling structure that includes a multidimensional CESS with a compressed air energy storage (CAES) connected to a CCHP microgrid. Dividing design and operation causes some problems, such as low operating efficiency and difficult energy matching of CESSs. To solve the existing problems, an integrated design method is proposed that considers the capacity configuration of the equipment and the optimal operation of the system on a multi-timescale. The optimization result of the capacity configuration level is used as the constraint of the operational control level, and the equipment output plan of the operational control level is used as the optimized operation strategy and parameters of the system. The C-NSGA-II algorithm is adopted at the capacity configuration level and day-ahead scheduling level. Rolling optimization is solved using the PSO algorithm. The final result that satisfied the output design was obtained after several iterations. The average daily cost and

{CO}_{2}

emission reduction rate (

{CO}_{2}

ERR) of capacity configuration levels are $2241 and 45.02%. The best

{CO}_{2}

ERRs of day-ahead scheduling optimization levels are 39.9% and 45.9% in summer and winter, where the operating cost saving rate (OCSR) are 30.5% and 38.3% separately. Examples show that the integrated design method presented in this paper has significant advantages in enhancing energy-grade matching and improving the economy and environmental protection of the system. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Power System Planning and Sustainable Energy)

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