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Development of the Sustainable Extraction Procedures of Bioactive Compounds from Industrial Food Wastes and Their Application in the Products for Human Uses

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Food".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2022) | Viewed by 14286

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Technology in Leskovac, University of Nis, Bulevar oslobodjenja 124, 16000 Leskovac, Serbia
Interests: extraction; antioxidants; separation; analysis; HPLC-MS; pharmaceutical; optimization; modeling; experimental design; artificial neural network; inclusion; cyclodextrin
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Guest Editor
Faculty of Technology in Leskovac, University of Nis, Bulevar oslobodjenja 124, 16000 Leskovac, Serbia
Interests: extraction; antioxidants; polyphenols; separation; analysis; chromatography; pharmaceutical technology; optimization; modeling; encapsulation; valorization; stability
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Reducing natural resources caused by the growth of the world's population, meeting the growing demands of consumers, and preventing environmental pollution requires the development of sustainable and efficient procedures that include the valorization of wastes. Industrial food wastes (bark, seeds, pomace, etc.) are commonly used for the recovery of high value-added bioactive compounds (proteins, vitamins, carotenoids, minerals, carbohydrates, fatty acids, tocopherols, and polyphenolic compounds) that can be further used in the development of supplements and products (food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical products). The valorization of food wastes is one of the current areas of research that has attracted a lot of attention. In this way, a serious ecological problem of waste disposal in landfills can be overcome.

This Special Issue, “Development of the sustainable extraction procedures of bioactive compounds from industrial food wastes and their application in the products for human uses”, aims to present the traditional and advanced extraction procedures of bioactive compounds that follow the principles of green chemistry.

The topics covered by this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Sustainable sources of bioactive compounds;
  • Utilization of industrial food wastes;
  • Energy-efficient extraction procedures of bioactive compounds;
  • Advantages/disadvantages of conventional or advanced extraction techniques for recovery of bioactive compounds;
  • Application of recovered bioactive compounds in food/cosmetic/pharmaceutical products.

The Special Issue is open for the publication of research articles, short communications, and review articles covering the above-mentioned topics.

Dr. Ivan Savic
Dr. Ivana Savic Gajic
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sustainable
  • eco-friendly
  • green chemistry principles
  • extraction procedures
  • advanced and conventional techniques
  • food waste
  • food products
  • cosmetical products
  • pharmaceutical products

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Editorial

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4 pages, 209 KiB  
Editorial
Development of the Sustainable Extraction Procedures of Bioactive Compounds from Industrial Food Wastes and Their Application in the Products for Human Uses
by Ivan M. Savic and Ivana M. Savic Gajic
Sustainability 2023, 15(3), 2102; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15032102 - 22 Jan 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1564
Abstract
Reducing natural resources caused by the growth of the world’s population, meeting the growing demands of consumers, and preventing environmental pollution requires the development of sustainable and efficient procedures that include the valorization of wastes [...] Full article

Research

Jump to: Editorial

10 pages, 282 KiB  
Article
Determination of Physico-Chemical and Functional Properties of Plum Seed Cakes for Estimation of Their Further Industrial Applications
by Ivan M. Savic and Ivana M. Savic Gajic
Sustainability 2022, 14(19), 12601; https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912601 - 4 Oct 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1959
Abstract
The extraction of bioactive compounds from the waste material in the food industry is an important approach because, in that way, the plant raw material can be utilized before its landfill disposal or combustion. The interest of scientists is great for the development [...] Read more.
The extraction of bioactive compounds from the waste material in the food industry is an important approach because, in that way, the plant raw material can be utilized before its landfill disposal or combustion. The interest of scientists is great for the development of innovative procedures for the further application of these materials. Plum kernels obtained after plum processing can be used for the isolation of oil enriched with unsaturated fatty acids and cakes remaining after oil isolation from plant material. This study aimed to consider the possibilities of the further utilization of cakes obtained after oil isolation from plum seeds using organic solvents in the Soxhlet extractor. The physical–chemical and functional properties of the obtained cakes were determined. The results indicated that the plum seed cakes are rich in proteins (36.95–61.90%) and crude fiber (6.36–9.85%). The HPLC analysis showed that the highest content of phenolic compounds had coumaric acid in the concentration range of 11.31–12.98 mg/100 g of dry weight. The amygdalin content (0.005–0.139 mg/g of dry weight) was in the allowed concentration range so that the cakes can be considered safe for human use. The antioxidant potential of the cakes (IC50 0.40–0.65 mg/mL) indicated that antioxidants are also present in this waste material so that the cakes can be used as a raw material for the development of sustainable products in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Full article
13 pages, 1097 KiB  
Article
Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Enzymatic Extraction of Freeze-Dried Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) Berry Oil Using Response Surface Methodology
by Ashrith Kumar T., Sunil Pareek, Ramanpreet Kaur, Narashans Alok Sagar, Lochan Singh, Rokayya Sami, N. I. Aljuraide, Abeer Elhakem, Zayed D. Alsharari, Raja Saad Alruwais, Mahmood D. Aljabri and Mohammed M. Rahman
Sustainability 2022, 14(17), 10849; https://doi.org/10.3390/su141710849 - 31 Aug 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2144
Abstract
The ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of oil has received immense importance nowadays because of the enormous benefits the process offers. However, the literature evaluating this process is scarce for sea buckthorn oil. Furthermore, to date, to the best of our knowledge, a study evaluating [...] Read more.
The ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of oil has received immense importance nowadays because of the enormous benefits the process offers. However, the literature evaluating this process is scarce for sea buckthorn oil. Furthermore, to date, to the best of our knowledge, a study evaluating the combined use of enzymes and UAE for this oil is lacking. In this study, oil from freeze-dried sea buckthorn berries was extracted using ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction (UAEE) and the effect of variables (time, enzyme concentration, and solvent to sample ratio) was evaluated on oil yield and its physiochemical properties (acid value, peroxide value, iodine value, density, and color). The optimum conditions were determined using the response surface methodology. The optimum conditions established were 5.08 mL/g, 14.65 min, and 3.13 U/g for a solvent to sample ratio, ultra-sonication time, and enzyme units, respectively. The oil yield was 18.32%. Physicochemical parameters were found better in UAEE oil than in the Soxhlet-extracted oil. Gas chromatography detected relatively higher levels of fatty acids, including palmitic, palmitoleic, and oleic acids in UAEE oil. The optimum conditions were also verified for adequacy by validation and results were matched with predicted values with 0.8 to 1.5 error %, which states that the model can be utilized to predict oil yield percentage. Full article
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24 pages, 3612 KiB  
Article
Phytochemical Analysis Using cLC-DAD, Nutritional Importance and Assessment of Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Anticholinesterase Activities of Ruta tuberculata Forssk Organic Extracts
by Asma Saidi, Leila Hambaba, Mohamed Sabri Bensaad, Imed Eddine Kadi, Chawki Bensouici, Rokayya Sami, Sarah Alharthi, Abeer Elhakem, Zayed D. Alsharari, Roua S. Baty, Raja Saad Alruwais, Mahmood D. Aljabri, Mohammed M. Rahman, Ali A. Shati and Fahmy G. Elsaid
Sustainability 2022, 14(16), 10451; https://doi.org/10.3390/su141610451 - 22 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2498
Abstract
Among the Mediterranean aromatic plants, Ruta tuberculata Forssk. (Rutaceae) has been widely used as a traditional natural remedy against various disorders resulting from its divers’ pharmacological virtues. The aim of this study is to characterize for the first time the phenolic profile of [...] Read more.
Among the Mediterranean aromatic plants, Ruta tuberculata Forssk. (Rutaceae) has been widely used as a traditional natural remedy against various disorders resulting from its divers’ pharmacological virtues. The aim of this study is to characterize for the first time the phenolic profile of its ethyl acetate (EtOAcE) and acetonic (AcE) extracts and to screen their in vitro antioxidant, antidiabetic, and neuroprotective activities. Phenolic content was determined using spectrophotometric and cLC-DAD analysis. Pharmacologically, in vitro antioxidant power was evaluated using six different antioxidant methods. Moreover, the antidiabetic and neuroprotective capacities were assessed in vitro by determining the α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities. Phytochemically, the highest flavonoid content was found in EtOAcE where the major identified compounds were myrecetin, rutin, sylimarin, naringenin, and quercetin. In presence of other phenolic acids, gallic acid was exclusively detected in AcE. Furthermore, both R. tuberculata extracts showed significantly remarkable antioxidant activities, especially the EtOAcE. Interestingly, AcE strongly inhibited the acetylcholinesterase and α-glucosidase, with the respective IC50 values of 20.48 ± 0.2 and 104.5 ± 1.8 µg/mL. In this study, we also reported the nutritional quality associated with the identified phytocompounds. R. tuberculata organic extracts may offer exciting reserves to achieve new anti-diabetic and anti-Alzheimer drugs which have also antioxidant potential. Full article
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17 pages, 1004 KiB  
Article
Comparison of Extraction Techniques for the Recovery of Sugars, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Compounds from Agro-Industrial Wastes
by Leticia Casas-Godoy, Amador Roberto Campos-Valdez, Montserrat Alcázar-Valle and Iliana Barrera-Martínez
Sustainability 2022, 14(10), 5956; https://doi.org/10.3390/su14105956 - 13 May 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2732
Abstract
Agro-industrial wastes can be used to obtain high-value compounds rich in antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. This study aimed to compare different extraction techniques for the recovery of sugars, antioxidants, and antimicrobial compounds from brewer’s spent grain (BSG), blue agave bagasse (BAB), spoiled blackberries [...] Read more.
Agro-industrial wastes can be used to obtain high-value compounds rich in antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. This study aimed to compare different extraction techniques for the recovery of sugars, antioxidants, and antimicrobial compounds from brewer’s spent grain (BSG), blue agave bagasse (BAB), spoiled blackberries (BB), and raspberries (RB). Aqueous (AQ), enzymatic (E), chemical-enzymatic (CE), and hydroalcoholic (EOH) extractions were assessed, and sugars, phenolics, flavonoids, and anthocyanin contents were quantified. Antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated using the ABTS and DPPH assays, and antimicrobial activity was tested against three yeasts and six bacteria. The CE process gave the highest total and reducing sugars content for the four residues tested, and the highest antioxidant activity, phenolics, flavonoids and anthocyanin content for BAB and BSG. Regarding BB and RB, the best treatment to obtain total and reducing sugars and antioxidant activity with ABTS was CE; the highest content of anthocyanins, phenolic, flavonoids and antioxidant activity with DPPH was obtained with EOH treatment. CE extracts of BSG and RB showed the highest inhibition against the strains studied. Results show that BSG, BB, and RB can be a source of antioxidants and antimicrobial compounds for the food and pharmaceutical industries. Depending on the desired application and component of interest, one of the extraction techniques evaluated here could be used. Full article
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11 pages, 1124 KiB  
Article
Temperature Optimization by Electrochemical Method for Improving Antioxidant Compound Extraction Efficiency from Origanum vulgare L. and Its Application in a Bread Production
by Anna Mikołajczak, Marta Ligaj and Joanna Kobus-Cisowska
Sustainability 2022, 14(5), 2801; https://doi.org/10.3390/su14052801 - 28 Feb 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1838
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the effect of extraction temperature on the electrochemical activity of antioxidant compounds in oregano extract and its application in a bread production. Temperature optimisation was performed by determining the electrochemical index (EI), calculated on the parameters of individual [...] Read more.
This study aims to evaluate the effect of extraction temperature on the electrochemical activity of antioxidant compounds in oregano extract and its application in a bread production. Temperature optimisation was performed by determining the electrochemical index (EI), calculated on the parameters of individual peaks observed on the square wave voltammograms (SWV). The highest value of EI (2.5758 µA/V) was observed at 85 °C for the oregano extract. The composition of several types of bread with oregano extract or dried oregano leaves was then proposed. To specify bread samples, both newly prepared and during their storage, their antioxidant properties were determined using FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) and CUPRAC (Cupric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity) methods. The study revealed that the addition of extract from oregano or oregano leaves increased the antioxidant compounds content in the bread from 30% to more than 138% compared to the control bread samples. The performed sensory evaluation of the bread samples revealed their high acceptability. It was found that the stored bread with oregano leaves changed sensory qualities to a lesser extent compared to the bread with oregano extract. Full article
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