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Impact of Resistance Training and Physical Activity programs on Physical...
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Impact of Resistance Training and Physical Activity programs on Physical Performance and Body Composition in Middle-Age and Older People: Promoting Healthy Aging

A special issue of Sports (ISSN 2075-4663).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2024) | Viewed by 5756

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Pablo Jorge Marcos-Pardo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
2. SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
Interests: resistance training; healthy aging; functional autonomy; physical activity for health; motivation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Raquel Vaquero-Cristobal

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Group Movement Sciences and Sport (MS&SPORT), Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
Interests: body composition; kinanthropometric measurement; health; adolescent population; physical condition; promotion of physical activity; mobile applications; maturity status
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A lack of physical activity and a decline in muscle mass and strength have been associated with a range of public health issues, from reaching adulthood to transitioning into older age. Therefore, research focusing on an active lifestyle that encompasses muscular strength training is critical, particularly given its influence on health, quality of life, and the aging process.

Research studies have demonstrated that physical activity and regulated exercise have a positive impact on physical, social, cognitive, and psychological health, promoting longevity. Nonetheless, despite the widely recognized and advertised benefits of physical activity and the negative consequences of sedentary behaviors, a substantial prevalence of sedentary behaviors and physical inactivity has been observed in global data among adults and seniors in advanced countries.

This Special Issue is dedicated to studies that investigate the effects of physical activity, exercise, and muscular strength training in outdoor and indoor settings (terrestrial or aquatic), focusing on psychological, physiological, and social variables beginning in adulthood. The aim of this Special Issue is to gather research that enhances our understanding of the connection between an active lifestyle and its promotion of longevity and healthy aging. We are particularly interested in intervention studies, cross-sectional research, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and protocols.

Prof. Dr. Pablo Jorge Marcos-Pardo
Dr. Raquel Vaquero-Cristobal
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sports is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • resistance training
  • functional capacity
  • healthy aging
  • outdoor fitness equipment

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1398 KiB  
Article
Countermovement Jump Peak Power Changes with Age in Masters Weightlifters
by Bryan L. Riemann, Matthew Johnson, Matthew K. Helms, Andrew Hatchett, Joseph D. Vondrasek, Cullun Q. Watts and Marianne Huebner
Sports 2024, 12(9), 259; https://doi.org/10.3390/sports12090259 - 20 Sep 2024
Viewed by 999
Abstract
Aging is associated with decreased muscle strength and power. Power is particularly important for maintaining the independence of older adults when performing activities of daily living. The countermovement jump has been identified as a reliable and safe method to assess lower extremity power [...] Read more.
Aging is associated with decreased muscle strength and power. Power is particularly important for maintaining the independence of older adults when performing activities of daily living. The countermovement jump has been identified as a reliable and safe method to assess lower extremity power across the lifespan. The purpose of this investigation was to study sex differences and age-related changes in countermovement jump peak power among masters weightlifters with the secondary purpose of comparing results to previous reports of community and masters athletes. Female (n = 63, 39 to 70 yrs, med (56 yrs)) and male (n = 39, 35 to 86 yrs, med (59 yrs)) participants of the 2022 World Masters Championships completed three maximal effort countermovement jump repetitions following a dynamic warm-up. Vertical ground reaction forces were recorded, and peak power normalized to body mass was calculated. Results indicated significant age-related peak power among weightlifters, with the decline being significantly more pronounced in males than females. Female weightlifters exhibited less age-related decline compared to normative data as well as the other Master athlete comparison cohorts (short and long-distance runners), whereas the males demonstrated similar age-related declines as the comparison cohorts. While the female weightlifters in the current study generally demonstrated the least age-related declines in CMJ peak power of the comparative literature, the male weightlifters showed similar age-related decline rates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Resistance Training and Physical Activity programs on Physical Performance and Body Composition in Middle-Age and Older People: Promoting Healthy Aging)
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11 pages, 1244 KiB  
Article
Compared Block Periodized and Non-Periodized Physical Activity Programs in Older Adults
by Alejandro Moreno-Mateos, Fausto José Barbero Iglesias, Antonio Sánchez Muñoz, Yurena Gutiérrez Díaz and Carlos Moreno Pascual
Sports 2024, 12(5), 119; https://doi.org/10.3390/sports12050119 - 28 Apr 2024
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Abstract
Background: The periodization of physical exercise to optimize objectives is common in competitive sports. However, physical exercise programs for older adults only sometimes present periodization in their programming. Therefore, this article aims to research the results of applying the sports periodized method to [...] Read more.
Background: The periodization of physical exercise to optimize objectives is common in competitive sports. However, physical exercise programs for older adults only sometimes present periodization in their programming. Therefore, this article aims to research the results of applying the sports periodized method to older adults. Methods: A total of 137 participants over 60 years old performed a physical exercise program; 71 participated in a multi-component non-periodized program as the Control Group (CG), and 66 participated in a program periodized in blocks as the Experimental Group (EG). The block periodization program was oriented to the development of strength and was carried out in 86 sessions thrice weekly for eight months. Anthropometric assessments were made using weight, height, Body Mass Index, and electrical bioimpedance; and functional evaluations were made through standardized tests: Short Performance Physical Battery (SPPB), Timed Up & Go (TUG), handgrip, and a two-minute stair test. Results: After the intervention, the EG significantly improved TUG, weight, and BMI. On the other hand, the CG showed significant improvements in fat weight, BMI, and the 2 min stair test. The SPPB did not show changes after the intervention. Conclusion: The periodization of physical exercise for older adults does not significantly impact functional capacity in this population group. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Resistance Training and Physical Activity programs on Physical Performance and Body Composition in Middle-Age and Older People: Promoting Healthy Aging)
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10 pages, 830 KiB  
Article
Enhanced Stature in the Elderly: The Immediate Impact of Acute Postural Exercises
by Arnulfo Ramos-Jiménez, Ismael Antonio García-Hernández, Isaac Armando Chávez-Guevara, Rosa Patricia Hernández-Torres, Miguel Murguía-Romero, José Miguel Martínez-Sanz and Marco Antonio Hernández-Lepe
Sports 2024, 12(3), 85; https://doi.org/10.3390/sports12030085 - 20 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1960
Abstract
This study investigates the immediate effects of acute postural exercises on the stature of seniors, focusing on changes in both upright and supine stature measurements. A within-subject design with repeated measures was applied, involving seniors participating in continuous exercises aimed at enhancing core [...] Read more.
This study investigates the immediate effects of acute postural exercises on the stature of seniors, focusing on changes in both upright and supine stature measurements. A within-subject design with repeated measures was applied, involving seniors participating in continuous exercises aimed at enhancing core musculature strength and promoting muscle relaxation. Stature measurements were recorded pre- and post-exercise in both upright and supine positions, alongside assessments of body mass index (BMI) category classifications. The results revealed a post-exercise increase in stature ranging from 0.9 to 6.0 cm and from 0.2 to 7.2 cm in upright and supine positions, respectively, with an average increase of approximately 3.5 cm in both upright and supine positions. Statistically significant and clinically relevant changes were observed (p < 0.05), including a modification of BMI by approximately two units, reclassifying 55% of participants from overweight or obese to normal weight or overweight. Furthermore, the similarity between post-exercise upright stature and pre-exercise supine stature suggested that the supine position might provide a more accurate measure of stature in seniors. Conclusively, acute postural exercises have an immediate positive impact on the stature of seniors, suggesting their potential utility in clinical settings for accurate stature measurement. However, BMI results should be interpreted with caution because they are only related to the acute change in stature and therefore may lead to the misinterpretation of the study findings, so future studies focused on evaluating the chronic effect of postural exercises integration on the health outcomes of older adults are needed to demonstrate their potential utility in clinical settings to improve postural health and general well-being. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Resistance Training and Physical Activity programs on Physical Performance and Body Composition in Middle-Age and Older People: Promoting Healthy Aging)
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