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Miniaturized Wireless Biosensors

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2014) | Viewed by 80794

Special Issue Editor

Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Université Laval, 1065 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
Interests: VLSI circuits for bioinstrumentation; wireless biosensors; implantable electronics; brain computer interfaces; and low-power analog/mixed-mode integrated circuits
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The advancement in wireless technology and micro/nano-fabrication techniques have created a tremendous opportunity for using miniaturized wireless microelectronic devices in novel point-of-care diagnostic and prosthetic systems for a variety of health and life science applications. These new devices take advantage of miniaturized sensor technology to interface directly with complex biological structures like tissues, cells and molecules. For example, micro-electro-mechanical systems, such as microelectrode arrays and microfluidic channels, allow the study of neurons and manipulation of blood cells, while microlenses are used in low-cost fluorescence imagers. Other emerging devices, like brain machine interfaces, are opening up new opportunities to gain a better understanding of the root causes of several neuronal disorders, like the Parkinson’s disease, by extracting important biological parameters in freely moving animals. Such microsystems typically combine one or several application-specific integrated circuits with various sensor technologies into lightweight and self-contained formats that can easily be worn or implanted in the body to offer a very high level of functionality. The key requirements from such systems are: the extraction, the analysis, and the transmission of biological data in real time with excellent signal quality through a wireless connection. They are typically powered by a small battery, or by an inductive link, the power transmitter for which is external to the body, requiring extremely low power consumption to maximize the operational life expectancy.

Dr. Benoit Gosselin
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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4390 KiB  
Article
A Wireless Optogenetic Headstage with Multichannel Electrophysiological Recording Capability
by Gabriel Gagnon-Turcotte, Alireza Avakh Kisomi, Reza Ameli, Charles-Olivier Dufresne Camaro, Yoan LeChasseur, Jean-Luc Néron, Paul Brule Bareil, Paul Fortier, Cyril Bories, Yves De Koninck and Benoit Gosselin
Sensors 2015, 15(9), 22776-22797; https://doi.org/10.3390/s150922776 - 09 Sep 2015
Cited by 36 | Viewed by 9417
Abstract
We present a small and lightweight fully wireless optogenetic headstage capable of optical neural stimulation and electrophysiological recording. The headstage is suitable for conducting experiments with small transgenic rodents, and features two implantable fiber-coupled light-emitting diode (LED) and two electrophysiological recording channels. This [...] Read more.
We present a small and lightweight fully wireless optogenetic headstage capable of optical neural stimulation and electrophysiological recording. The headstage is suitable for conducting experiments with small transgenic rodents, and features two implantable fiber-coupled light-emitting diode (LED) and two electrophysiological recording channels. This system is powered by a small lithium-ion battery and is entirely built using low-cost commercial off-the-shelf components for better flexibility, reduced development time and lower cost. Light stimulation uses customizable stimulation patterns of varying frequency and duty cycle. The optical power that is sourced from the LED is delivered to target light-sensitive neurons using implantable optical fibers, which provide a measured optical power density of 70 mW/mm2 at the tip. The headstage is using a novel foldable rigid-flex printed circuit board design, which results into a lightweight and compact device. Recording experiments performed in the cerebral cortex of transgenic ChR2 mice under anesthetized conditions show that the proposed headstage can trigger neuronal activity using optical stimulation, while recording microvolt amplitude electrophysiological signals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Miniaturized Wireless Biosensors)
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1527 KiB  
Article
Wireless and Simultaneous Detections of Multiple Bio-Molecules in a Single Sensor Using Love Wave Biosensor
by Haekwan Oh, Chen Fu, Kunnyun Kim and Keekeun Lee
Sensors 2014, 14(11), 21660-21675; https://doi.org/10.3390/s141121660 - 17 Nov 2014
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 5957
Abstract
A Love wave-based biosensor with a 440 MHz center frequency was developed for the simultaneous detection of two different analytes of Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein (COMP) and rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG) in a single sensor. The developed biosensor consists of one-port surface acoustic [...] Read more.
A Love wave-based biosensor with a 440 MHz center frequency was developed for the simultaneous detection of two different analytes of Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein (COMP) and rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG) in a single sensor. The developed biosensor consists of one-port surface acoustic wave (SAW) reflective delay lines on a 41° YX LiNbO3 piezoelectric substrate, a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) waveguide layer, and two different sensitive films. The Love wave biosensor was wirelessly characterized using two antennas and a network analyzer. The binding of the analytes to the sensitive layers induced a large change in the time positions of the original reflection peaks mainly due to the mass loading effect. The assessed time shifts in the reflection peaks were matched well with the predicted values from coupling of mode (COM) modeling. The sensitivities evaluated from the sensitive films were ~15 deg/µg/mL for the rabbit IgG and ~1.8 deg/ng/mL for COMP. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Miniaturized Wireless Biosensors)
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2910 KiB  
Article
An Arch-Shaped Intraoral Tongue Drive System with Built-in Tongue-Computer Interfacing SoC
by Hangue Park and Maysam Ghovanloo
Sensors 2014, 14(11), 21565-21587; https://doi.org/10.3390/s141121565 - 14 Nov 2014
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 9000
Abstract
We present a new arch-shaped intraoral Tongue Drive System (iTDS) designed to occupy the buccal shelf in the user’s mouth. The new arch-shaped iTDS, which will be referred to as the iTDS-2, incorporates a system-on-a-chip (SoC) that amplifies and digitizes the raw magnetic [...] Read more.
We present a new arch-shaped intraoral Tongue Drive System (iTDS) designed to occupy the buccal shelf in the user’s mouth. The new arch-shaped iTDS, which will be referred to as the iTDS-2, incorporates a system-on-a-chip (SoC) that amplifies and digitizes the raw magnetic sensor data and sends it wirelessly to an external TDS universal interface (TDS-UI) via an inductive coil or a planar inverted-F antenna. A built-in transmitter (Tx) employs a dual-band radio that operates at either 27 MHz or 432 MHz band, according to the wireless link quality. A built-in super-regenerative receiver (SR-Rx) monitors the wireless link quality and switches the band if the link quality is below a predetermined threshold. An accompanying ultra-low power FPGA generates data packets for the Tx and handles digital control functions. The custom-designed TDS-UI receives raw magnetic sensor data from the iTDS-2, recognizes the intended user commands by the sensor signal processing (SSP) algorithm running in a smartphone, and delivers the classified commands to the target devices, such as a personal computer or a powered wheelchair. We evaluated the iTDS-2 prototype using center-out and maze navigation tasks on two human subjects, which proved its functionality. The subjects’ performance with the iTDS-2 was improved by 22% over its predecessor, reported in our earlier publication. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Miniaturized Wireless Biosensors)
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1717 KiB  
Article
Simulation of the Recharging Method of Implantable Biosensors Based on a Wearable Incoherent Light Source
by Yong Song, Qun Hao, Xianyue Kong, Lanxin Hu, Jie Cao and Tianxin Gao
Sensors 2014, 14(11), 20687-20701; https://doi.org/10.3390/s141120687 - 03 Nov 2014
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 5499
Abstract
Recharging implantable electronics from the outside of the human body is very important for applications such as implantable biosensors and other implantable electronics. In this paper, a recharging method for implantable biosensors based on a wearable incoherent light source has been proposed and [...] Read more.
Recharging implantable electronics from the outside of the human body is very important for applications such as implantable biosensors and other implantable electronics. In this paper, a recharging method for implantable biosensors based on a wearable incoherent light source has been proposed and simulated. Firstly, we develop a model of the incoherent light source and a multi-layer model of skin tissue. Secondly, the recharging processes of the proposed method have been simulated and tested experimentally, whereby some important conclusions have been reached. Our results indicate that the proposed method will offer a convenient, safe and low-cost recharging method for implantable biosensors, which should promote the application of implantable electronics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Miniaturized Wireless Biosensors)
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1726 KiB  
Article
A Novel Wearable Electronic Nose for Healthcare Based on Flexible Printed Chemical Sensor Array
by Panida Lorwongtragool, Enrico Sowade, Natthapol Watthanawisuth, Reinhard R. Baumann and Teerakiat Kerdcharoen
Sensors 2014, 14(10), 19700-19712; https://doi.org/10.3390/s141019700 - 22 Oct 2014
Cited by 156 | Viewed by 15870
Abstract
A novel wearable electronic nose for armpit odor analysis is proposed by using a low-cost chemical sensor array integrated in a ZigBee wireless communication system. We report the development of a carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/polymer sensor array based on inkjet printing technology. With this [...] Read more.
A novel wearable electronic nose for armpit odor analysis is proposed by using a low-cost chemical sensor array integrated in a ZigBee wireless communication system. We report the development of a carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/polymer sensor array based on inkjet printing technology. With this technique both composite-like layer and actual composite film of CNTs/polymer were prepared as sensing layers for the chemical sensor array. The sensor array can response to a variety of complex odors and is installed in a prototype of wearable e-nose for monitoring the axillary odor released from human body. The wearable e-nose allows the classification of different armpit odors and the amount of the volatiles released as a function of level of skin hygiene upon different activities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Miniaturized Wireless Biosensors)
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3402 KiB  
Article
Novel Wireless-Communicating Textiles Made from Multi-Material and Minimally-Invasive Fibers
by Stepan Gorgutsa, Victor Bélanger-Garnier, Bora Ung, Jeff Viens, Benoit Gosselin, Sophie LaRochelle and Younes Messaddeq
Sensors 2014, 14(10), 19260-19274; https://doi.org/10.3390/s141019260 - 16 Oct 2014
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 16043
Abstract
The ability to integrate multiple materials into miniaturized fiber structures enables the realization of novel biomedical textile devices with higher-level functionalities and minimally-invasive attributes. In this work, we present novel textile fabrics integrating unobtrusive multi-material fibers that communicate through 2.4 GHz wireless networks [...] Read more.
The ability to integrate multiple materials into miniaturized fiber structures enables the realization of novel biomedical textile devices with higher-level functionalities and minimally-invasive attributes. In this work, we present novel textile fabrics integrating unobtrusive multi-material fibers that communicate through 2.4 GHz wireless networks with excellent signal quality. The conductor elements of the textiles are embedded within the fibers themselves, providing electrical and chemical shielding against the environment, while preserving the mechanical and cosmetic properties of the garments. These multi-material fibers combine insulating and conducting materials into a well-defined geometry, and represent a cost-effective and minimally-invasive approach to sensor fabrics and bio-sensing textiles connected in real time to mobile communications infrastructures, suitable for a variety of health and life science applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Miniaturized Wireless Biosensors)
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Review

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2627 KiB  
Review
Wireless Integrated Biosensors for Point-of-Care Diagnostic Applications
by Ebrahim Ghafar-Zadeh
Sensors 2015, 15(2), 3236-3261; https://doi.org/10.3390/s150203236 - 02 Feb 2015
Cited by 87 | Viewed by 18024
Abstract
Recent advances in integrated biosensors, wireless communication and power harvesting techniques are enticing researchers into spawning a new breed of point-of-care (POC) diagnostic devices that have attracted significant interest from industry. Among these, it is the ones equipped with wireless capabilities that drew [...] Read more.
Recent advances in integrated biosensors, wireless communication and power harvesting techniques are enticing researchers into spawning a new breed of point-of-care (POC) diagnostic devices that have attracted significant interest from industry. Among these, it is the ones equipped with wireless capabilities that drew our attention in this review paper. Indeed, wireless POC devices offer a great advantage, that of the possibility of exerting continuous monitoring of biologically relevant parameters, metabolites and other bio-molecules, relevant to the management of various morbid diseases such as diabetes, brain cancer, ischemia, and Alzheimer’s. In this review paper, we examine three major categories of miniaturized integrated devices, namely; the implantable Wireless Bio-Sensors (WBSs), the wearable WBSs and the handheld WBSs. In practice, despite the aforesaid progress made in developing wireless platforms, early detection of health imbalances remains a grand challenge from both the technological and the medical points of view. This paper addresses such challenges and reports the state-of-the-art in this interdisciplinary field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Miniaturized Wireless Biosensors)
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