sensors-logo

Journal Browser

Journal Browser

Advanced Inertial Sensors: Advances, Challenges and Applications: Second Edition

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2026 | Viewed by 3511

Special Issue Editors


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Center for Gravitational Wave Experiment, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
2. School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
3. Lanzhou Center of Theoretical Physics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Interests: gravitational wave detection; inertial sensor; experimental relativity; weak force measurement
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 15 North West Fourth Ring Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
Interests: superconducting weak force measurements; gravitational experiments; gravitational wave detection

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Considering scientific missions’ constant need for advances in precision-measurement technologies, inertial reference systems in space are of ever-increasing importance. High-precision inertial sensors could play vital roles in a large number of fields, including Newtonian and relativistic gravity field measurements in space (including gravitational wave detections), inertial navigation, drag-free flight, and autonomous orbit maintenance. Among them, electrostatic suspension inertial sensors have already been applied in a series of global gravity recovery satellites (such as CHAMP, GRACE/GFO, GOCE), and will continue to serve as the key payloads of next-generation gravity missions, as well as space-borne gravitational antennas (LISA, Taiji, Tainqin, etc.). Superconducting gravity gradiometers and atomic interferometers, on the other hand, have unique advantages in high-precision gravitational gradient measurements, especially when applied to exploratory research in experimental relativity. Considering the demand for high or even ultra precision in future planned science missions, as well as the need for versatility and miniaturization for survey missions, etc., there remain great but exciting challenges in the R&D of advanced inertial sensors.

We believe this is an appropriate time to launch this Special Issue, which aims to offer the scientific and engineering community an overview of innovative works on advanced inertial sensors and their applications. We invite you to submit original research articles and review articles on topics including, but not limited to, advanced measurement principles, new designs, technological breakthroughs (readout systems, controls, levitations, noise rejections, etc.), data analysis and processing, potential applications and related mission designs.

Prof. Dr. Peng Xu
Dr. Xing Bian
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • high-precision inertial sensors
  • inertial navigations
  • newtonian and relativistic gravity field measurements in space
  • gravitational wave detections
  • autonomous orbit maintenances

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • Reprint: MDPI Books provides the opportunity to republish successful Special Issues in book format, both online and in print.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

Order results
Result details
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

17 pages, 3075 KB  
Article
Torque-Dependent Anchor Loss and Fourth-Harmonic Damping Anisotropy in Coriolis Vibratory Gyroscopes
by Ning Wang, Zhennan Wei, Guoxing Yi, Yanyu Sun and Changhong Wang
Sensors 2026, 26(8), 2483; https://doi.org/10.3390/s26082483 - 17 Apr 2026
Viewed by 260
Abstract
The quality factor (Q) and its circumferential non-uniformity are essential for the resolution and long-term stability of Coriolis vibratory gyroscopes (CVGs). In practice, packaging and mounting anchors introduce torque-dependent and circumferentially non-uniform anchor dissipation, resulting in harmonic damping anisotropy. This paper [...] Read more.
The quality factor (Q) and its circumferential non-uniformity are essential for the resolution and long-term stability of Coriolis vibratory gyroscopes (CVGs). In practice, packaging and mounting anchors introduce torque-dependent and circumferentially non-uniform anchor dissipation, resulting in harmonic damping anisotropy. This paper presents an energy-consistent framework that quantitatively relates the tightening torque to both the mean damping factor η=1/Q and its circumferential harmonic components. A hemispherical resonator gyroscope (HRG) is used for validation, where the dominant component is the fourth harmonic. By decomposing the energy dissipated per cycle, anchor loss is separated into friction loss and radiation loss. The friction channel is modeled using a partial-slip contact energy loss formulation combined with an equivalent tangential impedance coupling description, leading to a torque power-law scaling suitable for parameter identification. The radiation channel is described by an impedance coupling model that captures torque-enhanced anchor stiffness and potential saturation leakage under strong coupling. Controlled torque experiments show that η(ϑ) exhibits an almost pure fourth-harmonic dependence on the standing wave orientation for all tested torques. Within the accessible torque range, the mean damping decreases slightly with torque, while the harmonic amplitude increases and the phase progressively converges, supporting a friction-dominated interpretation. The phase convergence further suggests progressive stabilization of the contact state. The proposed approach provides quantitative guidance for torque selection and anchor structure design in resonant gyroscopes. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 1925 KB  
Article
Active Suppression of Differential Light Shift Drift in an Atom Gravimeter
by Wei-Hao Xu, Xi Chen, Jin-Ting Li, Dan-Fang Zhang, Wen-Zhang Wang, Jia-Yi Wei, Jia-Qi Zhong, Biao Tang, Lin Zhou, Run-Bing Li, Jin Wang and Min-Sheng Zhan
Sensors 2026, 26(5), 1620; https://doi.org/10.3390/s26051620 - 4 Mar 2026
Viewed by 473
Abstract
Differential light shift (DLS) is an important error term that limits the atom interferometer’s measurement precision, especially for the case of the electro-optic modulator (EOM)-based scheme, where multiple laser sidebands exist, and their ratios are hard to control synchronously. This article carried out [...] Read more.
Differential light shift (DLS) is an important error term that limits the atom interferometer’s measurement precision, especially for the case of the electro-optic modulator (EOM)-based scheme, where multiple laser sidebands exist, and their ratios are hard to control synchronously. This article carried out an experimental and theoretical study on this subject. By conducting long-term gravity measurement, we find that the gravity exhibits drifts of about 13.13 μGal, and is strongly correlated to the Raman laser’s sidebands. A model of the DLS-induced gravity error is established and a DLS compensation method is proposed to suppress the gravity drift to 2.54 μGal. Besides the compensation method, we propose a Dual-Sideband Ratio Locking scheme to more robustly eliminate the gravity measurement drift. By feeding back to both the EOM microwave power and the tapered amplifier’s temperature, this method locks both the ±1 order sideband to a stability level of 105, which corresponds to a gravity error of less than 0.1 μGal. Long-term gravity measurement is carried out after the locking method, showing a long-term stability of 1.6 μGal. The proposed methods will benefit the suppression of the DLS effect for high-precision atom interference measurement. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 2656 KB  
Article
Analysis of the Dick Effect for AI-Based Dynamic Gravimeters
by Wen-Zhang Wang, Xi Chen, Jin-Ting Li, Dan-Fang Zhang, Wei-Hao Xu, Jia-Yi Wei, Jia-Qi Zhong, Biao Tang, Lin Zhou, Jin Wang and Ming-Sheng Zhan
Sensors 2025, 25(23), 7167; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25237167 - 24 Nov 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2187
Abstract
Atom interferometer (AI)-based dynamic gravimeters enable high-precision absolute gravity measurements, which are crucial for applications in geophysics, navigation, resource exploration, and metrology. Understanding their underlying mechanisms and minimizing measurement noise is essential for enhancing performance. This work investigates gravity-measurement noise in AI-based systems [...] Read more.
Atom interferometer (AI)-based dynamic gravimeters enable high-precision absolute gravity measurements, which are crucial for applications in geophysics, navigation, resource exploration, and metrology. Understanding their underlying mechanisms and minimizing measurement noise is essential for enhancing performance. This work investigates gravity-measurement noise in AI-based systems induced by the dead time of the classical accelerometer. Using actual dynamic gravity-measurement data, we demonstrate that a dead time of 0.12 s introduces significant gravity-measurement noise, reaching 8 mGal. To elucidate the mechanism of this noise, we derive a frequency-domain formula, identifying high-frequency aliasing as its source. Analysis of the derived expressions indicates that reducing the dead-time duration and suppressing the acceleration’s high-frequency noise are effective strategies for mitigating this noise. This work provides significant insights into noise analysis and the future design of AI-based dynamic gravimeters. Full article
Show Figures

Graphical abstract

Back to TopTop