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Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy for Sensor Applications
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Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy for Sensor Applications

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Chemical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2026 | Viewed by 1431

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Mitar Simic

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 6, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
Interests: embedded systems; microcontrollers; sensors; development of measurement and data acquisition systems; modeling of biomedical/electromagnetic structures and processes; parameter estimation; DCS and SCADA systems; LoRa/ LoRaWAN

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent decades, we have seen a growing interest in enhancing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for use in sensor technologies, with innovative work underway in areas from EIS-based sensor designs and signal processing methods, data modeling, and material optimization to practical applications in medicine, industry, and biology. Our main aim in launching this Special Issue is to share recent advances, solutions, applications, and new challenges in EIS-based sensor applications through original research and review articles.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • EIS-based sensor design and fabrication;
  • EIS-based sensors for environmental monitoring;
  • EIS-based sensors for medical applications;
  • EIS-based sensors for food safety and agricultural monitoring;
  • EIS-based sensors for energy storage devices;
  • Wearable and portable EIS sensor systems;
  • EIS integration into microfluidic platforms;
  • Label-free EIS-based biosensors;
  • Material development for EIS-based sensors;
  • Advanced data analysis and modeling in EIS;
  • Noise reduction and signal processing techniques for EIS-based sensors;

Machine learning and artificial intelligence applications in EIS-based sensing.

Dr. Mitar Simic
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • EIS-based sensors & biosensors
  • EIS-enabled microfluidics
  • EIS modeling & data analysis
  • materials in EIS
  • signal processing and machine learning in EIS
  • EIS-based wearables
  • innovative applications of EIS

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1929 KB  
Article
Impact of Ethylene Oxide Sterilization on PEDOT:PSS Electrophysiology Electrodes
by Ali Maziz, Clement Cointe, Benjamin Reig and Christian Bergaud
Sensors 2026, 26(3), 877; https://doi.org/10.3390/s26030877 - 29 Jan 2026
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 498
Abstract
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)–polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is widely used to fabricate conductive organic coatings for electrodes in electrophysiology. As these devices move toward clinical translation, establishing sterilization methods that preserve their functional properties is essential. Ethylene oxide (EtO) is routinely used for sterilizing heat- and moisture-sensitive [...] Read more.
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)–polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is widely used to fabricate conductive organic coatings for electrodes in electrophysiology. As these devices move toward clinical translation, establishing sterilization methods that preserve their functional properties is essential. Ethylene oxide (EtO) is routinely used for sterilizing heat- and moisture-sensitive medical devices due to its high penetration efficiency and low thermal load. However, the absence of systematic studies evaluating its impact on PEDOT:PSS raises concerns about the compatibility of EtO sterilization with organic electrophysiology interfaces. Here, we report the first comprehensive evaluation of EtO sterilization on PEDOT:PSS electrodes electrochemically deposited onto cortical interfaces designed for intraoperative monitoring and stimulation. EtO exposure induced only minimal changes in surface topography, with no detectable alteration of the electrical or electrochemical performance of the electrodes. Impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and charge-injection capacity measurements all revealed that EtO-treated electrodes retained properties comparable to untreated controls. Moreover, EtO-sterilized PEDOT:PSS coatings demonstrated robust long-term stability under accelerated lifetime testing, exhibiting negligible degradation over extended operation. These findings demonstrate that EtO sterilization is fully compatible with PEDOT:PSS-based bioelectronic interfaces and constitutes a viable pathway toward their safe and effective integration into clinical electrophysiology. This work represents an important step toward translating organic conducting polymer technologies into real-world biomedical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy for Sensor Applications)
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Review

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48 pages, 146644 KB  
Review
Energy–Biosensor Synergy: Intrinsic Catalytic Reactions as Label-Free Signal Pathways
by Seyyed Mehdi Khoshfetrat, Samaneh Mirsian, Amirreza Khodadadian, Wolfgang Hilber and Clemens Heitzinger
Sensors 2026, 26(4), 1205; https://doi.org/10.3390/s26041205 - 12 Feb 2026
Viewed by 691
Abstract
The selection of appropriate signal labels is a central consideration in electrochemical biosensing as it directly determines the achievable detection limits, dynamic range, and overall analytical performance. Conventional electroactive labels require low operating potentials, fast electron-transfer kinetics, and reliable attachment to electrode surfaces [...] Read more.
The selection of appropriate signal labels is a central consideration in electrochemical biosensing as it directly determines the achievable detection limits, dynamic range, and overall analytical performance. Conventional electroactive labels require low operating potentials, fast electron-transfer kinetics, and reliable attachment to electrode surfaces or recognition elements. Despite their extensive use, these labels present notable challenges for point-of-care applications, particularly in the detection of small molecules where target binding does not inherently generate a measurable electrochemical output. As a result, most sensing architectures depend on externally added redox reporters, introduced either freely into solution or covalently linked to recognition structures, which increases assay complexity and limits scalability. These limitations have motivated the transition toward energy-based electrochemical signal pathways, such as the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), and water-splitting reactions. These reactions provide intrinsic electrochemical outputs that eliminate the need for synthetic redox mediators and can operate as built-in catalytic signal sources. Their integration into biosensing platforms simplifies assay design, enhances robustness, and broadens compatibility with diverse target molecules. This review outlines the mechanistic basis connecting HER/ORR/water-splitting reactions to signal generation in biosensors and highlights material design principles that enable their use as reagentless and label-free transduction strategies. Compared with traditional electroactive labels, energy-driven approaches offer simplicity, reduced cost, faster operation, and improved suitability for commercial translation. By establishing a unified framework for energy-based electro-recording mechanisms, this review aims to promote the development of next-generation bioanalytical methods that operate without electroactive labels and expand the applicability of electrochemical biosensing across various domains. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy for Sensor Applications)
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