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Bioluminescence Imaging and Sensing: Applications in Basic and Applied Sciences
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Bioluminescence Imaging and Sensing: Applications in Basic and Applied Sciences

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 January 2024) | Viewed by 8195

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Sung-Bae Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba West, 16-1, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
Interests: bioluminescence; luciferase; single-chain bioluminescence probe; molecular imaging; bioassay; BRET
Prof. Dr. Ramasamy Paulmurugan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Canary Centre for Cancer Early Detection, Bio-X Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
Interests: molecular imaging; cancer therapy; vaccine development
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bioluminescence (BL) is a cold body radiation of light generated by a luciferase-catalyzed oxidation of a luciferin in living organisms. To date, BL has been rapidly emerging in the applications to bioassays and molecular imaging. It has been greatly harnessed by its distinctive advantages, such as the long dynamic range, high signal-to-noise ratios, and no need for external light source for excitation. Reviewing the recent BL studies, a great diversity has been witnessed in the study landscape from the basic to applied sciences: e.g., organic synthesis of luciferins, genetic mutations of luciferases, investigations on the light-emitting mechanisms, development of new bioluminescent probes, and even imaging of molecular events in animal models. This Special Issue of Sensors is intended to provide a communication platform for the latest developments in basic and applied science applications in BL studies, and showcases the bioanalytical utilities in cells and animal models. This Special Issue opens the opportunity for communication and welcomes the broad range of research articles.

Dr. Sung-bae Kim
Prof. Dr. Ramasamy Paulmurugan
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 3836 KiB  
Article
Luminescent Bacteria as Bioindicators in Screening and Selection of Enzymes Detoxifying Various Mycotoxins
by Elena Efremenko, Ilya Lyagin, Nikolay Stepanov, Olga Senko, Olga Maslova, Aysel Aslanli and Natalia Ugarova
Sensors 2024, 24(3), 763; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24030763 - 24 Jan 2024
Viewed by 952
Abstract
Interest in enzymes capable of neutralizing various mycotoxins is quite high. The methods used for the screening and selection of enzymes that catalyze the detoxification of mycotoxins should be sensitive and fast. However toxic compounds can be generated under the action of such [...] Read more.
Interest in enzymes capable of neutralizing various mycotoxins is quite high. The methods used for the screening and selection of enzymes that catalyze the detoxification of mycotoxins should be sensitive and fast. However toxic compounds can be generated under the action of such enzymes. Thus, the assessment of the overall reduction in the toxic properties of reaction media towards bioluminescent bacteria seems to be the most reasonable control method allowing a quick search for the effective enzymatic biocatalysts. The influence of a wide range of mycotoxins and glucanases, which hydrolyze toxins with different chemical structures, on the analytical characteristics of luminescent photobacteria as a biosensing element has been studied. Different glucanases (β-glucosidase and endoglucanase) were initially selected for reactions with 10 mycotoxins based on the results of molecular docking which was performed in silico with 20 mycotoxins. Finally, the biorecognizing luminescent cells were used to estimate the residual toxicity of reaction media with mycotoxins after their interaction with enzymes. The notable non-catalytic decrease in toxicity of media containing deoxynivalenol was revealed with luminous cells for both types of tested glucanases, whereas β-glucosidase provided a significant catalytic detoxification of media with aflatoxin B2 and zearalenone at pH 6.0. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioluminescence Imaging and Sensing: Applications in Basic and Applied Sciences)
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0 pages, 28203 KiB  
Article
Triple Reporter Assay: A Non-Overlapping Luciferase Assay for the Measurement of Complex Macromolecular Regulation in Cancer Cells Using a New Mushroom Luciferase–Luciferin Pair
by Aaiyas Mujawar, Pratham Phadte, Ksenia A. Palkina, Nadezhda M. Markina, Ameena Mohammad, Bhushan L. Thakur, Karen S. Sarkisyan, Anastasia V. Balakireva, Pritha Ray, Ilia Yampolsky and Abhijit De
Sensors 2023, 23(17), 7313; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23177313 - 22 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2206
Abstract
This study demonstrates the development of a humanized luciferase imaging reporter based on a recently discovered mushroom luciferase (Luz) from Neonothopanus nambi. In vitro and in vivo assessments showed that human-codon-optimized Luz (hLuz) has significantly higher activity than native [...] Read more.
This study demonstrates the development of a humanized luciferase imaging reporter based on a recently discovered mushroom luciferase (Luz) from Neonothopanus nambi. In vitro and in vivo assessments showed that human-codon-optimized Luz (hLuz) has significantly higher activity than native Luz in various cancer cell types. The potential of hLuz in non-invasive bioluminescence imaging was demonstrated by human tumor xenografts subcutaneously and by the orthotopic lungs xenograft in immunocompromised mice. Luz enzyme or its unique 3OH-hispidin substrate was found to be non-cross-reacting with commonly used luciferase reporters such as Firefly (FLuc2), Renilla (RLuc), or nano-luciferase (NLuc). Based on this feature, a non-overlapping, multiplex luciferase assay using hLuz was envisioned to surpass the limitation of dual reporter assay. Multiplex reporter functionality was demonstrated by designing a new sensor construct to measure the NF-κB transcriptional activity using hLuz and utilized in conjunction with two available constructs, p53-NLuc and PIK3CA promoter-FLuc2. By expressing these constructs in the A2780 cell line, we unveiled a complex macromolecular regulation of high relevance in ovarian cancer. The assays performed elucidated the direct regulatory action of p53 or NF-κB on the PIK3CA promoter. However, only the multiplexed assessment revealed further complexities as stabilized p53 expression attenuates NF-κB transcriptional activity and thereby indirectly influences its regulation on the PIK3CA gene. Thus, this study suggests the importance of live cell multiplexed measurement of gene regulatory function using more than two luciferases to address more realistic situations in disease biology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioluminescence Imaging and Sensing: Applications in Basic and Applied Sciences)
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16 pages, 4611 KiB  
Article
Bright Molecular Strain Probe Templates for Reporting Protein–Protein Interactions
by Sung-Bae Kim, Tadaomi Furuta, Genta Kamiya, Nobuo Kitada, Ramasamy Paulmurugan and Shojiro A. Maki
Sensors 2023, 23(7), 3498; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23073498 - 27 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1876
Abstract
Imaging protein–protein interactions (PPIs) is a hot topic in molecular medicine in the postgenomic sequencing era. In the present study, we report bright and highly sensitive single-chain molecular strain probe templates which embed full-length Renilla luciferase 8.6-535SG (RLuc86SG) or Artificial luciferase 49 (ALuc49) [...] Read more.
Imaging protein–protein interactions (PPIs) is a hot topic in molecular medicine in the postgenomic sequencing era. In the present study, we report bright and highly sensitive single-chain molecular strain probe templates which embed full-length Renilla luciferase 8.6-535SG (RLuc86SG) or Artificial luciferase 49 (ALuc49) as reporters. These reporters were deployed between FKBP-rapamycin binding domain (FRB) and FK506-binding protein (FKBP) as a PPI model. This unique molecular design was conceptualized to exploit molecular strains of the sandwiched reporters appended by rapamycin-triggered intramolecular PPIs. The ligand-sensing properties of the templates were maximized by interface truncations and substrate modulation. The highest fold intensities, 9.4 and 16.6, of the templates were accomplished with RLuc86SG and ALuc49, respectively. The spectra of the templates, according to substrates, revealed that the colors are tunable to blue, green, and yellow. The putative substrate-binding chemistry and the working mechanisms of the probes were computationally modeled in the presence or absence of rapamycin. Considering that the molecular strain probe templates are applicable to other PPI models, the present approach would broaden the scope of the bioassay toolbox, which harnesses the privilege of luciferase reporters and the unique concept of the molecular strain probes into bioassays and molecular imaging. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioluminescence Imaging and Sensing: Applications in Basic and Applied Sciences)
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Review

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15 pages, 1967 KiB  
Review
Illuminating Progress: The Contribution of Bioluminescence to Sustainable Development Goal 6—Clean Water and Sanitation—Of the United Nations 2030 Agenda
by Denise Gregucci, Faisal Nazir, Maria Maddalena Calabretta and Elisa Michelini
Sensors 2023, 23(16), 7244; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23167244 - 18 Aug 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2232
Abstract
The United Nations Agenda 2030 Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6) aims at ensuring the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation. The routine monitoring of water contaminants requires accurate and rapid analytical techniques. Laboratory analyses and conventional methods of field sampling [...] Read more.
The United Nations Agenda 2030 Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6) aims at ensuring the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation. The routine monitoring of water contaminants requires accurate and rapid analytical techniques. Laboratory analyses and conventional methods of field sampling still require considerable labor and time with highly trained personnel and transport to a central facility with sophisticated equipment, which renders routine monitoring cumbersome, time-consuming, and costly. Moreover, these methods do not provide information about the actual toxicity of water, which is crucial for characterizing complex samples, such as urban wastewater and stormwater runoff. The unique properties of bioluminescence (BL) offer innovative approaches for developing advanced tools and technologies for holistic water monitoring. BL biosensors offer a promising solution by combining the natural BL phenomenon with cutting-edge technologies. This review provides an overview of the recent advances and significant contributions of BL to SDG 6, focusing attention on the potential use of the BL-based sensing platforms for advancing water management practices, protecting ecosystems, and ensuring the well-being of communities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioluminescence Imaging and Sensing: Applications in Basic and Applied Sciences)
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