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Multi-Source Remote Sensing Approaches for Monitoring and Conserving Forest Biodiversity: Advances in Methodology and Applications

A special issue of Remote Sensing (ISSN 2072-4292). This special issue belongs to the section "Forest Remote Sensing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2026 | Viewed by 453

Editors


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Guest Editor
Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing (CREA-IT), 00186 Rome, Italy
Interests: forest ecology; phenology; diversity; pest monitoring; forest management
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA-IT), Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
Interests: environmental monitoring; machine learning models; energetic valorisation of biomass

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Forests harbour the majority of Earth’s terrestrial biodiversity, yet monitoring their composition, structure and dynamics at relevant scales remains a critical challenge. Recent advancements in multi-source remote sensing, combining satellite, airborne, drone and in situ data, offer unprecedented opportunities to observe forest biodiversity with higher accuracy, spatio-temporal resolution and accessibility. This Special Issue invites submissions that showcase innovative methodologies, interdisciplinary applications and scalable solutions for forest biodiversity observation.

Aim

This Special Issue aims to showcase cutting-edge multi-source remote-sensing techniques and their application in advancing forest biodiversity observation, with particular focus on the following:

  • Data fusion and integration across different sensors (LiDAR, hyperspectral, SAR, drones, satellite constellations, etc.).
  • Scalable solutions from local to global scales (e.g., combining field data with airborne/satellite observations).
  • Novel algorithms/methodologies to mitigate gaps in biodiversity monitoring (e.g., species-specific indicators, understory monitoring, carbon–biodiversity interactions).
  • Interdisciplinary approaches linking remote sensing with ecology, conservation and policy (e.g., protected area management, REDD+ or global biodiversity frameworks like the KTB).

Scope

We invite manuscripts addressing, but not limited to, the following:

  1. Methodological Innovations: Fusion of active/passive sensing (e.g., LiDAR + hyperspectral) for biodiversity metrics; machine-learning/deep-learning applications for species classification or habitat mapping and validation of remote sensing methods using in situ biodiversity data (e.g., plot networks, citizen science).
  2. Biodiversity Metrics and Indicators: Tracking above/below-ground biodiversity (e.g., canopy structure, understory diversity); monitoring keystone/endangered species or functional traits and linking biodiversity to ecosystem services (e.g., pollination, biomass, carbon storage).
  3. Scalability and Accessibility: Open-data solutions for remote-sensing biodiversity applications; case studies from tropical, temperate or boreal forests and integration with global initiatives (e.g., GBIF, TRY, EarthCube).

Exclusions:

  • Purely theoretical or non-remote-sensing studies (unless directly connected to validation/integration).
  • Manuscripts lacking original data, methodological novelty or clear applications to forest biodiversity.

Potential topics:

  • Mapping endemism or endemic-rich areas
  • Detecting forest disturbances (logging, fire, pests) via biodiversity signatures
  • Low-cost drones/sensors for biodiversity monitoring in data-sparse regions
  • AI/ML breakthroughs for species-specific remote sensing
  • Integration with global databases (e.g., GBIF, GEO BON).

Dr. Marco Bascietto
Dr. Adriano Palma
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Remote Sensing is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Primary keywords:
    • multi-source remote sensing
    • multi-sensor fusion
    • forest biodiversity
    • hyperspectral
    • LiDAR
    • SAR integration
    • sentinel missions
    • drone-based ecology
    • AI for biodiversity
    • forest canopies
    • understory monitoring
    • ecosystem services
    • conservation remote sensing
    • species detection
    • validation protocols
    • data fusion algorithms
  • Secondary Keywords:
    • canopy diversity
    • structural complexity
    • functional trait mapping
    • rare species detection
    • global biodiversity monitoring
    • GBIF integration
    • REDD+
    • citizen science for remote sensing
    • cost-effective sensing
    • forest resiliency indicators

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

33 pages, 25847 KB  
Article
Integrating Kernel-Based Vegetation Indices and Ensemble Learning for Mangrove Canopy Height Mapping Using GEDI and Sentinel Data
by Peilin Lai, Yang Chen, Wenqian Chen, Lixia Ma, Weijie Chen, Dongyang Fu, Dazhao Liu and Kai Tian
Remote Sens. 2026, 18(16), 2834; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18162834 - 21 Aug 2026
Viewed by 180
Abstract
Mangrove canopy height (MCH) is a fundamental structural variable for monitoring ecosystem health and quantifying carbon stocks. However, MCH retrieval from optical satellite imagery is often constrained by spectral saturation in dense stands and environmental noise in intertidal zones. This study investigates the [...] Read more.
Mangrove canopy height (MCH) is a fundamental structural variable for monitoring ecosystem health and quantifying carbon stocks. However, MCH retrieval from optical satellite imagery is often constrained by spectral saturation in dense stands and environmental noise in intertidal zones. This study investigates the utility of kernel-based spectral features (KVIs) as non-linear topological enhancements for MCH estimation by integrating GEDI spaceborne LiDAR with Sentinel-2 and Sentinel-1 data across three mangrove ecosystems along the South China coast. Utilizing four regression models under spatial cross-validation, we evaluated the performance of traditional indices, KVIs, and integrated feature sets against GEDI reference measurements. Results indicate that traditional optical indices exhibit limited linear sensitivity to MCH. Rather than serving as universal accuracy boosters, KVIs function as non-linear stabilizers by redistributing spectral values in Hilbert space, which effectively enhances feature representation in high biomass stands and mitigates background noise. Furthermore, model comparisons reveal that while traditional indices yield competitive baseline accuracy in specific architectures (e.g., 1D-CNN), kernel-based features provide nuanced advantages in spatial stability and ensemble dispersion reduction. Ultimately, this study demonstrates that kernel-based features enhance model robustness under rigorous cross-validation, providing a reliable structural foundation for large-scale ecological monitoring and regional carbon dynamics assessments in heterogeneous coastal environments. Full article
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