Dear Colleagues,

Coastal zones and shelf seas are highly dynamic and complex areas featuring diverse physical, biogeochemical, and geological environments, that are subjected to numerous human and ecological drivers. Being a transitional space under anthropic activities, they respond to multiple forces at several spatial and temporal scales, creating scientific challenges that can only be solved if approached from a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary point of view. The current and future questions that have to be addressed include the understanding of the physical, chemical, and biological processes that identify the idiosyncratic nature of the coasts by characterizing the short- and long-term changes of these systems and the specific role of anthropogenic climate change in the process. The main scientific priorities for the upcoming decades are related to the use of the coast as a highly vulnerable resource, maintaining its ecological richness, and preserving its functions. Among these questions, three priorities emerge that embrace most of the research that is currently being done in coastal studies: (i) what are the rates and impacts of sea level rise and global change on coastal morphology?, (ii) how are the coast and estuarine areas affected by natural and anthropic changes? and (iii) what is the role of biodiversity in coastal seas on the resilience of the system? Nearshore monitoring is essential to improve the current understanding of how hydrodynamics interact with morphodynamic processes, a crucial aspect in the context of climate change. Measurement techniques must accommodate the wide range of spatio-temporal scales involved in these processes (e.g., from seconds for turbulence to centennials for climate change in the temporal scale).

This Special Issue invites high-quality and innovative scientific papers using remote sensing observations to study the dynamics of coastal and shelf seas. We welcome studies dealing with modeling approaches, multiplatform observations, and uncertainties assessment (i.e., forecast error, ensemble spread, probability distribution, threshold exceedance, etc.), emphasizing multidisciplinary interactions.

Applied topics

• Ocean mesoscale and submesoscale dynamics;   
• Sea level rise;      
• Fisheries and ecosystems modeling;
• Coastal impacts and modeling of extreme events;
• Air–sea interaction processes;
• Real time coastal observing and monitoring systems.

We are looking forward to your submissions.

Dr. Juan M. Sayol
Dr. Ismael Hernández-Carrasco
Dr. Alejandro Orfila
Dr. Bàrbara Barceló-Llull
Dr. Alejandro Cáceres-Euse
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Remote Sensing is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

• remote sensing
• coastal impacts
• air–sea interaction
• ocean currents
• sea level variability
• global warming
• ecosystem dynamics
• coastal ocean monitoring
• ocean waves
• (sub)mesoscale dynamics

Title: A Two-step Calibration of the Installation Angle Error between SINS/DVL for Autonomous Underwater Vehicle
Authors: Yongjiang Huang; Xixiang Liu; Qiantong Shao; Xiaoqiang Wu
Affiliation: School of Instrument Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
Abstract: In autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV), the integrated navigation system that merges the Strap-down Inertial Navigation System (SINS) with the Doppler velocity log (DVL) is widely adopted. Its accuracy is primarily influenced by the installation angle error. Typically, the combination of SINS and DVL is executed through Kalman-like filtering in engineering applications. However, this filtering approach demands a roughly known initial attitude and is sensitive to the initial values of the Kalman state variables. Addressing this, our paper introduces a two-step calibration for both installation angle error and navigation. First, an optimization-based alignment (OBA) is formulated to provide a preliminary estimation of the installation angle error and initial attitude. Throughout the entire OBA calculation process, real-time velocity and position values are needed, which are approximated using their initial values. Then, the estimated values of the installation error angle and initial attitude angle obtained by the OBA method are input into the KF calculation process to obtain real-time navigation results and further complete the precision alignment. Simulations and lake tests have shown that the OBA effectively gauges the alignment error between SINS/DVL, enhancing the navigational efficacy of the KF when used as its initial value.