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Optical Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere and Oceans

A special issue of Remote Sensing (ISSN 2072-4292). This special issue belongs to the section "Ocean Remote Sensing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2024) | Viewed by 4776

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Director, Amity Centre of Excellence in Ocean-Atmospheric Science and Technology (ACOAST), Amity University Haryana (AUH), Gurugram, Haryana 122413, India
Interests: multiplatform active/passive remote sensing; aerosol–cloud–precipitation–climate interactions; global warming, climate change and environmental sustainability; air quality and human health

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Guest Editor
Environmental Monitoring and Research Center (EMRC), Polar Meteorological Research Division (PMRD), India Meteorological Department Ministry of Earth Sciences, Mausam Bhawan, Lodi Road, New Delhi-110003, India
Interests: solar radiation; climate change; meteorology; UV radiation; environmental impact assessment; air quality; radiative forcing; aerosol–cloud–climate interactions; society and environment

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Guest Editor
Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (Delhi Branch), Ministry of Earth Sciences, New Rajinder Nagar, New Delhi-110060, India
Interests: quantification of various aerosol characteristics; their direct; indirect impacts on climate change through measurements and modelling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Senior Researcher, Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis, National Research Council of Italy, 85050 Tito Scalo, PZ, Italy
Interests: multi-sensor optical and microwave remote sensing; natural hazards; climate changes; hydrogeological risk; water quality assessment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Of all the remote sensing techniques, optical methods occupy the prime position in the monitoring and modelling of local/regional/continental/hemispherical/global climate and underlying land surface, atmospheric and oceanic phenomena. These techniques make use of visible, near infrared and short-wave infrared sensors to form images of targets through detecting the solar radiation reflected from thereof on the ground, since different materials reflect and absorb differently at different wavelengths. Thus, targets can be differentiated through their spectral scattering/absorbance/reflectance signatures in remotely sensed images. Almost all satellite remote sensing methods use passive optical methods for the retrieval of complex information from the atmosphere and oceans. In this context, satellites such as CALIPSO (cloud–aerosol Lidar and infrared pathfinder satellite observation), making use of active optical methods, have special significance in qualifying/quantifying various ultrafine-scale features of the atmosphere and oceans. With the advent of recent developments in source characteristics, detection/data acquisition/display methods, optical remote sensing techniques, ranging from simple filter photometers to highly advanced cutting-edge technology-based high-spectral resolution LIDARs and solar/lunar radiometers, have become more powerful in the remote sensing of the Earth, its atmosphere and oceans. Early optical remote sensing systems relied on multispectral sensors characterized by a small number of wide spectral bands. Although multispectral sensors are still in use, in recent years, a paradigm shift occurred in sensor technology from multispectral to hyperspectral bands, characterized by hundreds of fine-resolution coregistered spectral bands, and became the dominant optical sensing technology. Such superfine-resolution datasets have the potential to reveal underlying phenomenological features of the atmosphere, oceans and associated bio-geochemical processes. Optical remote sensing methods, in conjunction with systems operating in other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum, also provide excellent benefits to the field of ocean–atmospheric science and technology.

This Special Issue aims to provide reference/resource materials to both academicians and researchers, dealing with remote sensing methods using a variety of platforms in the most advanced field of optical remote sounding of the atmosphere and oceans. Moreover, this cutting-edge technology book includes various technological and system developmental aspects in terms of sensors and data acquisition algorithms. Further, the R&D sessions, covered in this Special Issue, have the potential of benefitting innovative and research-driven endeavours. Thus, this book is a valuable source of information to students and professionals in the field of atmospheric physics, applied science, meteorology and engineering.

Suggested Themes

  • Remote sounding of different atmospheric and ocean products;
  • Interpretation/assessment of measurements;
  • Remote sounding of meteorological parameters;
  • Different types of optical remote sounding techniques;
  • Remote sensing from different platforms and environments;
  • Latest developments in sensors, data acquisition and display systems;
  • Inversion methods;
  • Instrumentation and modelling;
  • Calibration and validation;
  • Comparison between remote sensing and in situ techniques.

Prof. Dr. Panuganti C.S. Devara
Dr. Vijay K. Soni
Dr. Atul Kumar Srivastava
Dr. Teodosio Lacava
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Remote Sensing is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • passive/active remote sensing
  • ground-based/satellite methods
  • scattering/absorption
  • advances in source characteristics
  • improvements in data processing algorithms
  • applications to land–atmosphere–ocean linkages
  • measurements and modelling
  • multiplatform sounding
  • weather and climate

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 2881 KiB  
Article
Expanded Signal to Noise Ratio Estimates for Validating Next-Generation Satellite Sensors in Oceanic, Coastal, and Inland Waters
by Raphael M. Kudela, Stanford B. Hooker, Liane S. Guild, Henry F. Houskeeper and Niky Taylor
Remote Sens. 2024, 16(7), 1238; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16071238 - 31 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1205
Abstract
The launch of the NASA Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) and the Surface Biology and Geology (SBG) satellite sensors will provide increased spectral resolution compared to existing platforms. These new sensors will require robust calibration and validation datasets, but existing field-based instrumentation [...] Read more.
The launch of the NASA Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) and the Surface Biology and Geology (SBG) satellite sensors will provide increased spectral resolution compared to existing platforms. These new sensors will require robust calibration and validation datasets, but existing field-based instrumentation is limited in its availability and potential for geographic coverage, particularly for coastal and inland waters, where optical complexity is substantially greater than in the open ocean. The minimum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is an important metric for assessing the reliability of derived biogeochemical products and their subsequent use as proxies, such as for biomass, in aquatic systems. The SNR can provide insight into whether legacy sensors can be used for algorithm development as well as calibration and validation activities for next-generation platforms. We extend our previous evaluation of SNR and associated uncertainties for representative coastal and inland targets to include the imaging sensors PRISM and AVIRIS-NG, the airborne-deployed C-AIR radiometers, and the shipboard HydroRad and HyperSAS radiometers, which were not included in the original analysis. Nearly all the assessed hyperspectral sensors fail to meet proposed criteria for SNR or uncertainty in remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) for some part of the spectrum, with the most common failures (>20% uncertainty) below 400 nm, but all the sensors were below the proposed 17.5% uncertainty for derived chlorophyll-a. Instrument suites for both in-water and airborne platforms that are capable of exceeding all the proposed thresholds for SNR and Rrs uncertainty are commercially available. Thus, there is a straightforward path to obtaining calibration and validation data for current and next-generation sensors, but the availability of suitable high spectral resolution sensors is limited. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere and Oceans)
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20 pages, 5677 KiB  
Article
Simulation and Design of an Underwater Lidar System Using Non-Coaxial Optics and Multiple Detection Channels
by Yongqiang Chen, Shouchuan Guo, Yan He, Yuan Luo, Weibiao Chen, Shanjiang Hu, Yifan Huang, Chunhe Hou and Sheng Su
Remote Sens. 2023, 15(14), 3618; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15143618 - 20 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2599
Abstract
The efficacy of underwater laser detection is considerably impacted by the intense attenuation of light resulting from the scattering and absorption effects of water. In this study, we present the simulation and design of the underwater Lidar system that integrates the paraxial multi-channel [...] Read more.
The efficacy of underwater laser detection is considerably impacted by the intense attenuation of light resulting from the scattering and absorption effects of water. In this study, we present the simulation and design of the underwater Lidar system that integrates the paraxial multi-channel detection strategy to enhance the dynamic range in subsea environments. To evaluate the performance of the system with multiple detection channels, we introduce a multi-channel underwater Lidar simulation (MULS) method based on the radiative transfer Lidar equations. Experimental validations were conducted under varied water conditions to assess the performance of the prototype and validate the simulation results. The measured range accuracy of each channel in the prototype is better than 0.1085 m, and the simulated and measured waveforms exhibit strong correlations, verifying the reliability and validity of the simulation method. The effects of transceiver configuration and the maximum detectable range of different detection methods were also discussed. Preliminary results indicate that the paraxial multi-channel design effectively suppresses near-field backscattering and substantially enhances the maximum detectable range. The findings presented in this study may provide valuable insights for the design and optimization of future underwater laser detection systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere and Oceans)
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