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Processes
Special Issues
State-of-the-Art of Biomass and Municipal Waste into Useful Energy
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State-of-the-Art of Biomass and Municipal Waste into Useful Energy

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (11 March 2022) | Viewed by 2610

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Jan A Sta̧siek

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
Interests: thermodynamics; heat and mass transfer; energy conversion; flow visualization and renewable energy resources

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Energy is our most valuable natural commodity and the modern world generates power in increasingly large quantities from nonrenewable energy sources, for example, coal, oil and natural gas. The finite nature of such fossil fuels, combined with an increasing worry about the concomitant greenhouse effect, has to led research and industry into   renewable  energy sources (RES), for example, solar, wind, hydropower or biomass and waste. These alternatives will take much time and money to explore fully and require a very large capital investment. In the immediate future, therefore, the most direct and cheapest way to tackle the problem is to use existing energy sources more efficiently. In any case, the biggest source of renewable energy, apart from solar energy, is biomass and municipal waste. Currently, four main methods of biomass and waste utilization are used: direct combustion, pyrolysis, biodegradation and gasification. Direct combustion of biomass and waste (for example on a grate) is not acceptable due to different pyrolysis and oxidative times for various materials present in the stream waste. Most biomass and waste can be converted into fuel by gasification because the process is generally more efficient and cleaner than direct combustion or pyrolysis and biodegradation. Pyrolysis and biodegradation of biomass from agricultural crops, forestry waste and sewage in order to obtain low-calorie fuel is expensive and sometimes dangerous due to methane explosions. However, the main objective of this issue is to promote new and advanced technology for the thermochemical conversion of biomass and waste for alternative energy production, syngas and even hydrogen H2.

Topics and area of interest include but are not limited to:

  • Fundamental studies on more efficient processes for energy conversion from different kinds of biomass and organic municipal wastes.
  • Exchange the new energy conversion ideas between scientific research workers and engineers throughout the world.
  • Implementation of sustainable and more economic co-generation system bases on biomass and wastes for heat, power, syngas and hydrogen production.
  • Environmental impact of biomass and wastes.

Prof. Dr. Jan A Sta̧siek
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • energy
  • thermochemical conversion
  • gasification
  • biomass
  • waste
  • syngas
  • hydrogen

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 8192 KiB  
Article
Gasification of Densified Biomass (DB) and Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) Using HTA/SG Technology
by Jan A. Stasiek, Jacek Baranski, Marcin Jewartowski and Jan Wajs
Processes 2021, 9(12), 2178; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9122178 - 02 Dec 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2025
Abstract
The necessity of economical and rational use of natural energy sources caused a rapid development of research on the possibilities of using non-conventional energy resources. Taking the above into account, a new technological process of thermochemical conversion of biomass and communal waste, commonly [...] Read more.
The necessity of economical and rational use of natural energy sources caused a rapid development of research on the possibilities of using non-conventional energy resources. Taking the above into account, a new technological process of thermochemical conversion of biomass and communal waste, commonly known as High Temperature Air/Steam Gasification (HTA/SG) and Multi-Staged Enthalpy Extraction Technology (HTAG-MEET), was developed. In relation to traditional techniques of gasification or combustion of hydrocarbon fuels, the presented concept is characterized by higher thermal efficiency of the process, low emission of harmful compounds of carbon, sulfur, nitrogen, dioxins, furans and heavy metals. The use of a high-temperature gasification factor causes an increased thermochemical decomposition of solid fuels, biomass and municipal waste into gaseous fuel (syngas), also with increased hydrogen content and Lower Calorific Value (LCV). In this study, the possibility of using a batch type reactor (countercurrent gasifier) was analyzed for gasification of biomass and municipal waste in terms of energy recovery and environmental protection. The proposed research topic was aimed at examining the possibility of using the thermal utilization of biomass and municipal waste through their high-temperature decomposition in the presence of air, a mixture of air and steam. The main goals of the research were achieved during the implementation of several parallel stages of the schedule, which included, primarily: (a) study of the possibility of using thermal utilization of biomass and municipal waste through their high-temperature gasification in the presence of air or a mixture of air and steam and, secondary (b) analytical and numerical modeling of high-temperature gasification of biomass and municipal waste with the use of ANSYS CFD Fluent 6.3 software. Selected results of the experimental and numerical studies are properly presented. The higher temperature gasification concept shows the capability of this technology for maximizing the gaseous product yield in an up-draft fixed bed gasifier. It was also observed that at a high temperature, steam addition contributed to the thermal conversion of biofuels to gas with higher production of hydrogen. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art of Biomass and Municipal Waste into Useful Energy)
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