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Processes
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Transport Processes in Porous Material and Porous Media: Latest Developments...
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Transport Processes in Porous Material and Porous Media: Latest Developments and New Approaches

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Processes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 January 2025) | Viewed by 12669

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Antonio Gilson Barbosa de Lima

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, Brazil
Interests: porous media; porous materials; heat transfer; mass transfer; fluid flow; simulation; experimentation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. João Quesado Delgado

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
Interests: energy; efficient buildings; sustainability; porous media; heat transfer; mass transfer; fluid flow; drying and wetting; moisture transport; numerical simulation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Transport processes in porous media and porous materials are frequently present in different fields (chemistry, physics, engineering, and medical sciences), depending on the nature/structure of the materials (food, textile, ceramic, polymeric, composite, etc.) and potential characteristics for industrial applications (filtration, osmosis, drying, wetting, absorption, desorption, chemical reaction, etc.). Transport processes can occur in, but are not limited to, water treatment; energy storage and demand; and food, textiles, composite, ceramic, and pharmaceutical materials processing. In transport processes, many physical and chemical phenomena are involved, such as the heat and mass transfer, fluid flow, and sometimes dimensions variations, color and structure rigidity, degradation, aging, and related phenomena. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the factors that affect the transport phenomena involving porous media and porous materials. The aim is to maximize the process performance (process efficiency) of a specific application in terms of material, procedure, quality, design, energy, cost, and regulations.

This Special Issue titled “Transport Processes in Porous Material and Porous Media: Latest Developments and New Approaches” invites recent theoretical and experimental studies related to heat and mass transfer and fluid flow at different industrial and technological processes.

As Guest Editors, encourage authors to submit their experimental and theoretical/computational innovative research and review papers related to transport processes, with particular reference to porous materials and porous media, for this Special Issue. However, manuscripts with different focus, but related to porous media and porous materials, are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Antonio Gilson Barbosa de Lima
Dr. João M. P. Q. Delgado
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • porous material
  • porous media
  • heat and mass transfer
  • fluid flow
  • drying and wetting
  • absorption and desorption
  • separation process
  • experimentation
  • mathematical modeling and simulation
  • design, devices, and applications

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 2230 KiB  
Article
A Liquid Well Barrier Element for Temporary Plug and Abandonment Operations: A Breakthrough Approach
by Waleska Rodrigues Pontes da Costa, Karine Castro Nóbrega, Anna Carolina Amorim Costa, Renalle Cristina Alves de Medeiros Nascimento, Elessandre Alves de Souza, Tiago Almeida de Oliveira, Michelli Barros and Luciana Viana Amorim
Processes 2024, 12(10), 2190; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12102190 - 9 Oct 2024
Viewed by 878
Abstract
Plug and abandonment (P&A) operations demand valuable time and resources for operational procedures and materials to establish the well barrier element. This study aims to investigate the application of a water-based fluid as a liquid well barrier element for temporary abandonment, based on [...] Read more.
Plug and abandonment (P&A) operations demand valuable time and resources for operational procedures and materials to establish the well barrier element. This study aims to investigate the application of a water-based fluid as a liquid well barrier element for temporary abandonment, based on estimates of its lifespan and the survival probabilities of downhole temperatures acquired through accelerated life tests. To achieve this, the water-based formulation was tested and exposed to 95, 110, 140, and 150 °C temperatures for time intervals ranging from 1 to 10 days. After the temperature exposure, the fluid properties were verified, and failure was detected by accounting for any deterioration in rheological parameters and/or a substantial increase in filtrate volume. A statistical analysis of the failure data was performed in RStudio 4.1.3 software using the Weibull Model, and the fluid average lifespans and survival probabilities were estimated for the P&A temperatures. The results obtained demonstrate that the degradation of the fluid was only observed for 140 and 150 °C temperatures. According to the results, the fluid is a promising alternative for temporary abandonment until 80 °C, with no need for monitoring once its lifetime expectation exceeds three years at this temperature. For downhole temperatures above 80 °C, the fluid is a possible alternative, however, the operation’s maximum time and monitoring requirements should consider reliability metrics for each temperature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transport Processes in Porous Material and Porous Media: Latest Developments and New Approaches)
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20 pages, 3596 KiB  
Article
Residue from Passion Fruit Processing Industry: Application of Mathematical Drying Models for Seeds
by Mario Eduardo R. M. Cavalcanti-Mata, Maria Elita Martins Duarte, Francisco de Assis Mendes, Manoel Tolentino Leite Filho, Rafaela Duarte Almeida, Anna Sylvia R. R. M. Cavalcanti and Renata Duarte Almeida
Processes 2024, 12(8), 1752; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12081752 - 20 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 837
Abstract
The objective of this research was to study the drying kinetics of passion fruit seeds, a byproduct of the industrial processing of passion fruit with the potential to elaborate food products such as oil and flour. After drying, the seeds were directed for [...] Read more.
The objective of this research was to study the drying kinetics of passion fruit seeds, a byproduct of the industrial processing of passion fruit with the potential to elaborate food products such as oil and flour. After drying, the seeds were directed for cold press oil extraction, and the quantification of fatty acids was performed. Following the oil extraction, the residues underwent a grinding process to produce flour, which was characterized in terms of its nutritional aspects. The drying process was conducted using an experimental forced convection dryer with controlled temperatures of 40, 50, 60, and 70 °C, and a drying air velocity of 1.5 m s−1. This work introduced a novel approach using mathematical models, all derived from Fick’s equation. For each model, the activation energy and thermodynamic properties related to the drying procedure were determined. Fatty acids in the oils and physicochemical characteristics of the defatted residue’s flour were also analyzed. The Cavalcanti Mata, Henderson and Pabis, and Page models modified by Cavalcanti Mata were found to best fit the experimental data. The highest proportions of unsaturated fatty acids in passion fruit oil were linoleic acid (Omega-6) at 68.8% and oleic acid (Omega-9) at 16.1%. The predominant saturated fatty acid was palmitic acid at 10.61%, with no significant differences observed in relation to the drying temperatures. It can be concluded that the composition of the flour from the residue of passion fruit grain oil extraction varies in terms of crude fiber content, ranging from 56.36% to 58.8%, and protein content, ranging from 15.6% to 18.26%, with significant differences observed concerning the drying temperatures. The lipid content varied from 13.5% to 13.76%, with no significant differences observed across the evaluated drying temperature variations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transport Processes in Porous Material and Porous Media: Latest Developments and New Approaches)
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16 pages, 1423 KiB  
Article
Investigating Magnetohydrodynamic Motions of Oldroyd-B Fluids through a Circular Cylinder Filled with Porous Medium
by Constantin Fetecau and Dumitru Vieru
Processes 2024, 12(7), 1354; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12071354 - 28 Jun 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1304
Abstract
We analytically investigated the magnetohydrodynamic motions of electrically conductive, incompressible Oldroyd-B fluids through an infinite circular cylinder filled with a porous medium. A general expression was established for the dimensionless velocity of fluid as a cylinder moves along its symmetry axis with an [...] Read more.
We analytically investigated the magnetohydrodynamic motions of electrically conductive, incompressible Oldroyd-B fluids through an infinite circular cylinder filled with a porous medium. A general expression was established for the dimensionless velocity of fluid as a cylinder moves along its symmetry axis with an arbitrary velocity; the expression can generate exact solutions for any motion of this fluid type, solving the discussed problem. Special cases were considered and validated through graphical investigation to illustrate important characteristics of fluid behavior. In application, this is the first presentation of an exact general expression for non-trivial shear stress related to the magnetohydrodynamic motions of Oldroyd-B fluids when a longitudinal time-dependent shear stress is applied to the fluid by a cylinder. Solutions for the motions of rate-type fluids are lacking. The graphical representations show that in the presence of a magnetic field or porous medium, fluids flow more slowly and the steady state is reached earlier. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transport Processes in Porous Material and Porous Media: Latest Developments and New Approaches)
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14 pages, 4455 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Saline Solutions and Organic Compounds as Displacement Fluids of Bentonite Pellets for Application in Abandonment of Offshore Wells
by Waleska Rodrigues Pontes da Costa, Laura Rafaela Cavalcanti de Oliveira, Karine Castro Nóbrega, Anna Carolina Amorim Costa, Ruth Luna do Nascimento Gonçalves, Mário César de Siqueira Lima, Renalle Cristina Alves de Medeiros Nascimento, Elessandre Alves de Souza, Tiago Almeida de Oliveira, Michelli Barros and Luciana Viana Amorim
Processes 2023, 11(12), 3375; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11123375 - 6 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1314
Abstract
One of the operational challenges regarding the use of bentonite pellets as sealing materials in the abandonment of offshore fields consists of their placement inside the well. This study aimed to analyze the interaction of fluid media, consisting of saline solutions (NaCl, CaCl [...] Read more.
One of the operational challenges regarding the use of bentonite pellets as sealing materials in the abandonment of offshore fields consists of their placement inside the well. This study aimed to analyze the interaction of fluid media, consisting of saline solutions (NaCl, CaCl2 and KCl) and organic compounds (diesel, glycerin and olefin), with bentonite pellets, for their applications as displacement fluids in offshore oil well abandonment operations. The physical integrity of the bentonite pellets in contact with the fluids was verified through visual inspections and dispersibility tests. Linear swelling tests were also performed to evaluate the swelling potentials of the pellets in deionized water after their contact with the fluid media. The results indicated that the NaCl, CaCl2 and KCl solutions completely compromised the physical integrity of the pellets, while diesel and olefin showed the best responses regarding the structural preservation. Furthermore, the linear swelling tests showed that, even after the contact with diesel and olefin for 1 h, the bentonite pellets reached a total swelling of 78% in water after 24 h. In this way, diesel and olefin proved to be highly promising alternatives to be used as displacement fluids for bentonite pellets in wells that will be abandoned in a submarine environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transport Processes in Porous Material and Porous Media: Latest Developments and New Approaches)
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17 pages, 1093 KiB  
Article
Pineapple Peel Flours: Drying Kinetics, Thermodynamic Properties, and Physicochemical Characterization
by Carolaine Gomes dos Reis, Rossana Maria Feitosa de Figueirêdo, Alexandre José de Melo Queiroz, Yaroslávia Ferreira Paiva, Lumara Tatiely Santos Amadeu, Francislaine Suelia dos Santos, João Paulo de Lima Ferreira, Thalis Leandro Bezerra de Lima, Fabrícia Santos Andrade, Josivanda Palmeira Gomes, Wilton Pereira da Silva and Dyego da Costa Santos
Processes 2023, 11(11), 3161; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11113161 - 6 Nov 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3312
Abstract
Pineapple is a widely cultivated, consumed, and processed fruit by the industry. However, only 22.5% of the whole fruit is used, which constitutes economic waste and environmental impact. The objective was to determine the drying kinetics and characterize the residual peel flours of [...] Read more.
Pineapple is a widely cultivated, consumed, and processed fruit by the industry. However, only 22.5% of the whole fruit is used, which constitutes economic waste and environmental impact. The objective was to determine the drying kinetics and characterize the residual peel flours of two pineapple varieties at four drying temperatures. Jupi and Pérola pineapple peels were dried at temperatures of 50, 60, 70, and 80 °C in a thin layer. Ten mathematical models were adjusted to the experimental data to characterize the drying process. Fresh samples and flours were characterized according to their physicochemical properties (water content, ash, water activity, total sugars, reducers, pH, acidity, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and total energy value—TEV). The Midilli model was chosen because it best represents the drying process with high values of determination coefficients (R2) and low mean squared deviations (MSD), Chi-square (χ2), and estimated mean error (EME). The increase in temperature led to an increase in the effective diffusivity coefficient and consequent reduction in drying time. The activation energy obtained from the Arrhenius equation was 24.59 and 26.25 kJ/mol for Jupi and Pérola, respectively. Differences were reported in the enthalpy and entropy decrease with the increasing temperature, contrary to the Gibbs free energy. The flours produced had good characteristics for conservation, being acidic with low water content and low water activity. High levels of total and reducing sugars, carbohydrates, and total energy value were observed, in addition to good protein content. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transport Processes in Porous Material and Porous Media: Latest Developments and New Approaches)
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18 pages, 4168 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Air Relative Humidity on the Drying Process of Sanitary Ware at Low Temperature: An Experimental Study
by Ricardo S. Gomez, Kelly C. Gomes, José M. Gurgel, Laís B. Alves, Raissa A. Queiroga, Hortência L. F. Magalhães, Larissa S. S. Pinheiro, Elaine J. C. Silva, Dauany S. Oliveira, Henry W. D. Moreira, Herllange C. Brito, João M. P. Q. Delgado and Antonio G. B. Lima
Processes 2023, 11(11), 3112; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11113112 - 30 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 4168
Abstract
Drying is a thermodynamic process in which the moisture contained in the solid is removed by evaporation through the supply of an appreciable amount of thermal energy. It is recognized as a critical and intricate stage in the manufacturing process of ceramic materials. [...] Read more.
Drying is a thermodynamic process in which the moisture contained in the solid is removed by evaporation through the supply of an appreciable amount of thermal energy. It is recognized as a critical and intricate stage in the manufacturing process of ceramic materials. In general, drying at higher temperatures and lower air-relative humidity provokes severe hydric, thermal, and mechanical fractures in the ceramic parts, thus reducing product quality after the process. Then, this process must be realized under controlled conditions. From an industrial point of view, the drying process of sanitary ware takes place in two stages: drying at low temperatures (less than 40 °C) and drying at high temperatures (above 50 °C). Thus, the purpose of this work is to experimentally investigate the drying process at low temperatures in sanitary toilets. Drying experiments were conducted in an oven with the same temperature (35 °C) and different relative humidity of the drying air. The results of the moisture content, temperature, and dimension variations along the process, as well as drying and heating rates, are reported and analyzed. The results indicate that the higher the air’s relative humidity, the slower the moisture removal. Herein, aspects of the product quality after the drying process are also discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transport Processes in Porous Material and Porous Media: Latest Developments and New Approaches)
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