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Processes
Special Issues
The Use of Nanomaterials for Advanced Wastewater Treatment Technology
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The Use of Nanomaterials for Advanced Wastewater Treatment Technology

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental and Green Processes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2024) | Viewed by 1313

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Rasa Vaiškūnaitė

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Department of Environmental Protection and Water Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania
Interests: environmental management; environmental pollution; environmental impact assessment; environmental analysis; sustainability; environmental engineering; biofiltration; air purification; wastewater treatment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Alvydas Zagorskis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Environmental Protection and Water Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Saulėtekio av. 11, LT-10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
Interests: environmental protection technologies; air purification biotechnology; anaerobic waste treatment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Dainius Paliulis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Environmental Protection and Water Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Saulėtekio av. 11, LT-10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
Interests: environmental engineering; mechanical Science; waste water treatment; soil treatment; air treatment

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanomaterials for advanced wastewater treatment technology include not only the removal of pollutants from them, but also the regeneration of resources using innovative methods of the wastewater treatment process. It is planned to isolate the most important topics related to wastewater management and treatment technologies, further improving the quality of wastewater beyond the capabilities of conventional technologies. Nanomaterials for advanced wastewater treatment technology are also related to numerical process modeling, water quality, legal regulation, economics and management, risk assessment and benefit to society.

This special issue of  “The use of nanomaterials for advanced Wastewater Treatment Technology” aims to review recent advances in the development and application of process integration and intensification.

Dr. Rasa Vaiškūnaitė
Dr. Alvydas Zagorskis
Dr. Dainius Paliulis
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • water treatment
  • nanomaterials
  • electrochemical technology
  • biochar
  • process analysis
  • modeling, membranes
  • pharmaceuticals
  • microplastics

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 4090 KiB  
Article
An Investigation of the Batch Adsorption Capacity for the Removal of Phosphate from Wastewater Using Both Unmodified and Functional Nanoparticle-Modified Biochars
by Rasa Vaiškūnaitė
Processes 2024, 12(11), 2560; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12112560 - 16 Nov 2024
Viewed by 653
Abstract
One of the most widely employed methods for adsorption is the utilization of biochar produced during pyrolysis. Biochar has attracted considerable attention due to its oxygen-containing functional groups and relatively high specific surface area. In alignment with the principles of cleaner production, the [...] Read more.
One of the most widely employed methods for adsorption is the utilization of biochar produced during pyrolysis. Biochar has attracted considerable attention due to its oxygen-containing functional groups and relatively high specific surface area. In alignment with the principles of cleaner production, the sludge generated from sewage treatment plants is typically classified as waste. However, it can be effectively repurposed as an adsorbent following pyrolysis and subsequent nanoparticle modification. This environmentally friendly approach presents an ecological alternative to conventional water treatment methods. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of batch adsorption for the removal of phosphate from wastewater using both unmodified and modified sewage sludge biochars (SSBs) that were produced at various temperatures (300 °C, 400 °C, 500 °C, and 600 °C) and modified with zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI-SSB300, nZVI-SSB400, nZVI-SSB500, and nZVI-SSB600). The findings indicate that biochar modified with functional nanoparticles is a highly effective adsorbent for the removal of phosphate from wastewater. As demonstrated by the research results, the adsorption capacity of modified biochar is approximately 3 to 3.5 times greater than that of the unmodified variants. The phosphate removal efficiency with modified biochars was optimal with nZVI-SSB600. In experiments with a phosphate concentration (25 mg/L), the modified sorbent biochar exhibited an equilibrium adsorption capacity of 23.74 mg/g, translating to a phosphate removal efficiency of 60%. Under similar test conditions, at an initial phosphate concentration of 50 mg/L, the adsorption capacity improved to 25.67 mg/g (75% efficiency); at 75 mg/L, it reached 27.97 mg/g (80%); at 100 mg/L, it was 28.44 mg/g (85%); and at 125 mg/L, it achieved 29.48 mg/g (89%). The models confirmed the observed adsorption behavior, yielding a maximum phosphate adsorption capacity (qe) of 19.00 mg/g for the 600 °C pyrolysis of modified biochar at the primary phosphate concentration (25 mg/L). Furthermore, this study indicates that the influence of solution pH on phosphate adsorption remains stable and maximal (nZVI-SSB600, ranging from 16.87 to 20.46 mg/g) within the pH range of 3 to 8. On average, the modified biochar (nZVI-SSB) demonstrated 20 to 30% superior adsorption performance compared to the unmodified biochar (SSB). Additionally, significant differences were noted between various ambient temperatures, ranging from 5 °C to 25 °C. As the ambient temperature increased, the sorption capacity of the adsorbent exhibited a considerable improvement. With a primary concentration of phosphate (100 mg/g) at 5 °C, the adsorption capacity of nZVI-SSB600 was measured at 7.99 mg/g; this increased to 14.33 mg/g at 10 °C, 21.79 mg/g at 20 °C, and 28.44 mg/g at 25 °C. This research highlights the potential application of biochar in wastewater treatment for phosphate removal, simultaneously enabling the effective utilization of generated sewage sludge waste through pyrolysis and coating with zero-iron nanoparticles, resulting in a sustainable solution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Use of Nanomaterials for Advanced Wastewater Treatment Technology)
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