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Polymers
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Polymeric Nanocomposites for Tissue Engineering and Wound Dressing
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Polymeric Nanocomposites for Tissue Engineering and Wound Dressing

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Processing and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 August 2022) | Viewed by 17931

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Shahin Homaeigohar

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, UK
Interests: polymeric composites; nanomaterials; biomaterials; electrospinning; nanofibers; tissue engineering; wound dressing; water treatment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The polymeric nanocomposites have proven to be versatile and effective for a wide range of biomedical applications. These nanomaterials produce a synergistic effect, benefitting from the exclusive features of each of their constituting materials, as similarly seen in bone (i.e., hydroxyapatite-reinforced collagen) and wood (i.e., cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin). Polymer nanocomposites play a pivotal role in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. For example, their application as 3D scaffolds provides the cells with a suitable platform whereon they proliferate and differentiate, secrete extracellular matrix (ECM) and form functional tissue. In this Special Issue, we aim to cover different kinds of polymer nanocomposites that could be applied for the purpose of tissue engineering and wound dressing. They could be originated from natural or synthetic polymers or synthesized through different techniques such as electrospinning, self-assembly, phase inversion, among others. Particularly, the nanocomposite systems based on electrospun polymeric nanofibers and 3D-printed hydrogel constructs are considered as the highlight of this issue. However, the scope is not limited to such structures and can be extended to other polymer nanocomposites with nanoparticle and nanofibril inclusions, as well as other applications related to tissue engineering, such as drug delivery and antibacterial treatment.

Dr. Shahin Homaeigohar
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • polymer nanocomposite
  • tissue engineering
  • wound dressing
  • drug delivery
  • electrospinning
  • 3D printing
  • natural polymers
  • synthetic polymers

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 2078 KiB  
Article
Cerium(III) Nitrate Containing Electrospun Wound Dressing for Mitigating Burn Severity
by Cortes Williams III, Ramanda Chambers-Wilson, Jahnabi Roy, Christine Kowalczewski, Angela R. Jockheck-Clark, Robert Christy and Luis A. Martinez
Polymers 2021, 13(18), 3174; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13183174 - 18 Sep 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2339
Abstract
Thermal injuries pose a risk for service members in prolonged field care (PFC) situations or to civilians in levels of lower care. Without access to prompt surgical intervention and treatment, potentially salvageable tissues are compromised, resulting in increases in both wound size and [...] Read more.
Thermal injuries pose a risk for service members in prolonged field care (PFC) situations or to civilians in levels of lower care. Without access to prompt surgical intervention and treatment, potentially salvageable tissues are compromised, resulting in increases in both wound size and depth. Immediate debridement of necrotic tissue enhances survivability and mitigates the risks of burn shock, multiple organ failure, and infection. However, due to the difficulty of surgical removal of the burn eschar in PFC situations and lower levels of care, it is of utmost importance to develop alternative methods for burn stabilization. Studies have indicated that cerium(III) nitrate may be used to prolong the time before surgical intervention is required. The objective of this study was to incorporate cerium(III) nitrate into an electrospun dressing that could provide burst release. Select dosages of cerium(III) nitrate were dissolved with either pure solvent or polyethylene oxide (PEO) for coaxial or traditional electrospinning set-ups, respectively. The solutions were coaxially electrospun onto a rotating mandrel, resulting in a combined nonwoven mesh, and then compared to traditionally spun solutions. Dressings were evaluated for topography, morphology, and porosity using scanning electron microscopy and helium pycnometry. Additionally, cerium(III) loading efficiency, release rates, and cytocompatibility were evaluated in both static and dynamic environments. Imaging showed randomly aligned polymer nanofibers with fiber diameters of 1161 ± 210 nm and 1090 ± 250 nm for traditionally and coaxially spun PEO/cerium(III) nitrate dressings, respectively. Assay results indicated that the electrospun dressings contained cerium(III) nitrate properties, with the coaxially spun dressings containing 33% more cerium(III) nitrate than their traditionally spun counterparts. Finally, release studies revealed that PEO-based dressings released the entirety of their contents within the first hour with no detrimental cytocompatibility effects for coaxially-spun dressings. The study herein shows the successful incorporation of cerium(III) nitrate into an electrospun dressing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymeric Nanocomposites for Tissue Engineering and Wound Dressing)
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Review

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19 pages, 6710 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances in Development of Natural Cellulosic Non-Woven Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering
by Mohammad Reza Aghazadeh, Sheyda Delfanian, Pouria Aghakhani, Shahin Homaeigohar, Atefeh Alipour and Hosein Shahsavarani
Polymers 2022, 14(8), 1531; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14081531 - 9 Apr 2022
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 4355
Abstract
In recent years, tissue engineering researchers have exploited a variety of biomaterials that can potentially mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) for tissue regeneration. Natural cellulose, mainly obtained from bacterial (BC) and plant-based (PC) sources, can serve as a high-potential scaffold material for different [...] Read more.
In recent years, tissue engineering researchers have exploited a variety of biomaterials that can potentially mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) for tissue regeneration. Natural cellulose, mainly obtained from bacterial (BC) and plant-based (PC) sources, can serve as a high-potential scaffold material for different regenerative purposes. Natural cellulose has drawn the attention of researchers due to its advantages over synthetic cellulose including its availability, cost effectiveness, perfusability, biocompatibility, negligible toxicity, mild immune response, and imitation of native tissues. In this article, we review recent in vivo and in vitro studies which aimed to assess the potential of natural cellulose for the purpose of soft (skin, heart, vein, nerve, etc.) and hard (bone and tooth) tissue engineering. Based on the current research progress report, it is sensible to conclude that this emerging field of study is yet to satisfy the clinical translation criteria, though reaching that level of application does not seem far-fetched. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymeric Nanocomposites for Tissue Engineering and Wound Dressing)
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26 pages, 6029 KiB  
Review
Biomedical Applications of Antiviral Nanohybrid Materials Relating to the COVID-19 Pandemic and Other Viral Crises
by Shahin Homaeigohar, Qiqi Liu and Danial Kordbacheh
Polymers 2021, 13(16), 2833; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13162833 - 23 Aug 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4003
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has driven a global research to uncover novel, effective therapeutical and diagnosis approaches. In addition, control of spread of infection has been targeted through development of preventive tools and measures. In this regard, nanomaterials, particularly, those combining two or even [...] Read more.
The COVID-19 pandemic has driven a global research to uncover novel, effective therapeutical and diagnosis approaches. In addition, control of spread of infection has been targeted through development of preventive tools and measures. In this regard, nanomaterials, particularly, those combining two or even several constituting materials possessing dissimilar physicochemical (or even biological) properties, i.e., nanohybrid materials play a significant role. Nanoparticulate nanohybrids have gained a widespread reputation for prevention of viral crises, thanks to their promising antimicrobial properties as well as their potential to act as a carrier for vaccines. On the other hand, they can perform well as a photo-driven killer for viruses when they release reactive oxygen species (ROS) or photothermally damage the virus membrane. The nanofibers can also play a crucial protective role when integrated into face masks and personal protective equipment, particularly as hybridized with antiviral nanoparticles. In this draft, we review the antiviral nanohybrids that could potentially be applied to control, diagnose, and treat the consequences of COVID-19 pandemic. Considering the short age of this health problem, trivially the relevant technologies are not that many and are handful. Therefore, still progressing, older technologies with antiviral potential are also included and discussed. To conclude, nanohybrid nanomaterials with their high engineering potential and ability to inactivate pathogens including viruses will contribute decisively to the future of nanomedicine tackling the current and future pandemics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymeric Nanocomposites for Tissue Engineering and Wound Dressing)
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20 pages, 827 KiB  
Review
Hyaluronic Acid-Based Scaffolds as Potential Bioactive Wound Dressings
by Sibusiso Alven and Blessing A. Aderibigbe
Polymers 2021, 13(13), 2102; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13132102 - 26 Jun 2021
Cited by 69 | Viewed by 5968
Abstract
The negative factors that result in delayed and prolonged wound healing process include microbial pathogens, excess wound exudates, underlying conditions, smoking, obesity, etc. Most of the currently used wound dressings demonstrate an inadequate capacity to treat wounds resulting from the factors mentioned above. [...] Read more.
The negative factors that result in delayed and prolonged wound healing process include microbial pathogens, excess wound exudates, underlying conditions, smoking, obesity, etc. Most of the currently used wound dressings demonstrate an inadequate capacity to treat wounds resulting from the factors mentioned above. The commonly used wound dressings include hydrogels, films, hydrocolloids, foams, fibers, sponges, dermal patches, bandages, etc. These wound dressings can be loaded with various types of bioactive agents (e.g., antibiotics, nanoparticles, anti-inflammatory drugs, etc.) to improve their therapeutic outcomes. Biopolymers offer interesting properties suitable for the design of wound dressings. This review article will be based on hyaluronic-acid-based scaffolds loaded with therapeutic agents for the treatment of wounds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymeric Nanocomposites for Tissue Engineering and Wound Dressing)
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