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Long Distance Signaling in Plants
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Long Distance Signaling in Plants

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Systems and Synthetic Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 July 2023) | Viewed by 7215

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Cankui Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agronomy, Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, 915 West State St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
Interests: mineral nutrition; long-distance signaling; yield improvement; biotechnology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Lin Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Interests: yield improvement; long distance signaling to mineral deficiency; phloem biology
Dr. Chao Xia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
Interests: maize yield improvement; phloem signaling; nitrogen
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jing Huang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
Interests: plant mineral nutrition; crop improvement
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Higher plants have evolved a communication system that enables the coordination of developmental cues and environmental inputs. The long-distance transport of information molecules in the vascular tissues could play an important role in regulating plant growth and enabling plants to cope with adverse environments. Various molecules, including hormones, proteins, small peptides, small RNAs, and mRNAs, have been detected in the vascular system and proved to have systemic signaling functions. Traditional physiological methods and modern systemic biology approaches have been used in identifying these long-distance mobile molecules. Studies involved in the identification of these molecules and the in-depth functional characterization of these molecules and the associated genes are welcome for submission to this Special Issue.

Dr. Cankui Zhang
Dr. Lin Chen
Dr. Chao Xia
Dr. Jing Huang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • long-distance signaling
  • systemic signaling
  • plant vasculature
  • stress
  • plant development

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 5081 KiB  
Article
Phloem-Mobile MYB44 Negatively Regulates Expression of PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER 1 in Arabidopsis Roots
by Toluwase Olukayode, Jieyu Chen, Yang Zhao, Chuanhezi Quan, Leon V. Kochian and Byung-Kook Ham
Plants 2023, 12(20), 3617; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12203617 - 19 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1118
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential plant macronutrient; however, its availability is often limited in soils. Plants have evolved complex mechanisms for efficient phosphate (Pi) absorption, which are responsive to changes in external and internal Pi concentration, and orchestrated through local and systemic responses. [...] Read more.
Phosphorus (P) is an essential plant macronutrient; however, its availability is often limited in soils. Plants have evolved complex mechanisms for efficient phosphate (Pi) absorption, which are responsive to changes in external and internal Pi concentration, and orchestrated through local and systemic responses. To explore these systemic Pi responses, here we identified AtMYB44 as a phloem-mobile mRNA, an Arabidopsis homolog of Cucumis sativus MYB44, that is responsive to the Pi-starvation stress. qRT-PCR assays revealed that AtMYB44 was up-regulated and expressed in both shoot and root in response to Pi-starvation stress. The atmyb44 mutant displayed higher shoot and root biomass compared to wild-type plants, under Pi-starvation conditions. Interestingly, the expression of PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER1;2 (PHT1;2) and PHT1;4 was enhanced in atmyb44 in response to a Pi-starvation treatment. A split-root assay showed that AtMYB44 expression was systemically regulated under Pi-starvation conditions, and in atmyb44, systemic controls on PHT1;2 and PHT1;4 expression were moderately disrupted. Heterografting assays confirmed graft transmission of AtMYB44 transcripts, and PHT1;2 and PHT1;4 expression was decreased in heterografted atmyb44 rootstocks. Taken together, our findings support the hypothesis that mobile AtMYB44 mRNA serves as a long-distance Pi response signal, which negatively regulates Pi transport and utilization in Arabidopsis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Long Distance Signaling in Plants)
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19 pages, 17631 KiB  
Article
Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the PP2C Family from Zea mays and Its Role in Long-Distance Signaling
by Huan Wu, Ling Zhu, Guiping Cai, Chenxi Lv, Huan Yang, Xiaoli Ren, Bo Hu, Xuemei Zhou, Tingting Jiang, Yong Xiang, Rujun Wei, Lujiang Li, Hailan Liu, Imran Muhammad, Chao Xia and Hai Lan
Plants 2023, 12(17), 3153; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12173153 - 01 Sep 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1133
Abstract
The protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) constitutes a large gene family that plays crucial roles in regulating stress responses and plant development. A recent study has shown the involvement of an AtPP2C family member in long-distance nitrogen signaling in Arabidopsis. However, it remains unclear [...] Read more.
The protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) constitutes a large gene family that plays crucial roles in regulating stress responses and plant development. A recent study has shown the involvement of an AtPP2C family member in long-distance nitrogen signaling in Arabidopsis. However, it remains unclear whether maize adopts a similar mechanism. In this study, we conducted a genome-wide survey and expression analysis of the PP2C family in maize. We identified 103 ZmPP2C genes distributed across 10 chromosomes, which were further classified into 11 subgroups based on an evolutionary tree. Notably, cis-acting element analysis revealed the presence of abundant hormone and stress-related, as well as nitrogen-related, cis-elements in the promoter regions of ZmPP2Cs. Expression analysis demonstrated the distinct expression patterns of nine genes under two nitrogen treatments. Notably, the expression of ZmPP2C54 and ZmPP2C85 in the roots was found to be regulated by long-distance signals from the shoots. These findings provide valuable insights into understanding the roles of ZmPP2Cs in long-distance nitrogen signaling in maize. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Long Distance Signaling in Plants)
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13 pages, 2377 KiB  
Article
The Small RNA Component of Arabidopsis thaliana Phloem Sap and Its Response to Iron Deficiency
by Ahmet Bakirbas, Rosario Castro-Rodriguez and Elsbeth L. Walker
Plants 2023, 12(15), 2782; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12152782 - 27 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1308
Abstract
In order to discover sRNA that might function during iron deficiency stress, RNA was prepared from phloem exudates of Arabidopsis thaliana, and used for RNA-seq. Bioanalyzer results indicate that abundant RNA from phloem is small in size—less than 200 nt. Moreover, typical [...] Read more.
In order to discover sRNA that might function during iron deficiency stress, RNA was prepared from phloem exudates of Arabidopsis thaliana, and used for RNA-seq. Bioanalyzer results indicate that abundant RNA from phloem is small in size—less than 200 nt. Moreover, typical rRNA bands were not observed. Sequencing of eight independent phloem RNA samples indicated that tRNA-derived fragments, specifically 5′ tRFs and 5′ tRNA halves, are highly abundant in phloem sap, comprising about 46% of all reads. In addition, a set of miRNAs that are present in phloem sap was defined, and several miRNAs and sRNAs were identified that are differentially expressed during iron deficiency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Long Distance Signaling in Plants)
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10 pages, 1288 KiB  
Article
Contribution of Sucrose Metabolism in Phloem to Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker Resistance
by Yan Wang, Zecheng Tan, Xi Zhen, Yuanyuan Liang, Jianyou Gao, Yanhui Zhao, Shibiao Liu and Manrong Zha
Plants 2023, 12(4), 918; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12040918 - 17 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1177
Abstract
Kiwifruit bacterial canker, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa), is a catastrophic disease affecting kiwifruit worldwide. As no effective cure has been developed, planting Psa-resistant cultivars is the best way to avoid bacterial canker in kiwifruit cultivation. However, the differences in the [...] Read more.
Kiwifruit bacterial canker, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa), is a catastrophic disease affecting kiwifruit worldwide. As no effective cure has been developed, planting Psa-resistant cultivars is the best way to avoid bacterial canker in kiwifruit cultivation. However, the differences in the mechanism of resistance between cultivars is poorly understood. In the present study, five local kiwifruit cultivars were used for Psa resistance evaluation and classified into different resistance categories, tolerant (T), susceptible (S), and highly susceptible (HS), based on their various symptoms of lesions on the cane. Susceptible and highly susceptible varieties had a higher sucrose concentration, and a greater decrease in sucrose content was observed after Psa inoculation in phloem than in tolerant varieties. Three invertase activities and their corresponding gene expressions were detected in the phloem with lesions and showed the same trends as the variations in sucrose concentration. Meanwhile, after Psa inoculation, enzyme activities involved in antioxidant defense responses, such as PAL, POD, and CAT, were also altered in the phloem of the lesion position. With no differences among cultivars, PAL and POD activities in phloem first increased and then decreased after Psa inoculation. However, great differences in CAT activities were observed between T and S/HS categories. Our results demonstrate that sucrose content was negatively correlated with the disease resistance of different cultivars and that the increase in immune response enzymes is likely caused by increased sucrose metabolism in the phloem. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Long Distance Signaling in Plants)
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Review

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12 pages, 296 KiB  
Review
A Review: Systemic Signaling in the Regulation of Plant Responses to Low N, P and Fe
by Zhi Geng, Jun Chen, Bo Lu, Fuyuan Zhang, Ziping Chen, Yujun Liu, Chao Xia, Jing Huang, Cankui Zhang, Manrong Zha and Congshan Xu
Plants 2023, 12(15), 2765; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12152765 - 25 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1552
Abstract
Plant signal transduction occurs in response to nutrient element deficiency in plant vascular tissue. Recent works have shown that the vascular tissue is a central regulator in plant growth and development by transporting both essential nutritional and long-distance signaling molecules between different parts [...] Read more.
Plant signal transduction occurs in response to nutrient element deficiency in plant vascular tissue. Recent works have shown that the vascular tissue is a central regulator in plant growth and development by transporting both essential nutritional and long-distance signaling molecules between different parts of the plant’s tissues. Split-root and grafting studies have deciphered the importance of plants’ shoots in receiving root-derived nutrient starvation signals from the roots. This review assesses recent studies about vascular tissue, integrating local and systemic long-distance signal transduction and the physiological regulation center. A substantial number of studies have shown that the vascular tissue is a key component of root-derived signal transduction networks and is a regulative center involved in plant elementary nutritional deficiency, including nitrogen (N), phosphate (P), and iron (Fe). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Long Distance Signaling in Plants)
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