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Plants
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Molecular Mechanisms of Biotic and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants
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Molecular Mechanisms of Biotic and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Response to Abiotic Stress and Climate Change".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 3479

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Sonia Marli Zingaretti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Functional Genomics Lab, Biotechnology Department, University of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto 14096-900, SP, Brazil
Interests: genetic engineering; molecular biology; gene expression; genomics; molecular cloning; gene regulation; molecular genetics
Dr. Pierre Carol

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France
Interests: plant science; arabidopsis; photosynthesis; amino acids; arginine; proline; stress; chloroplast; mitochondria; drought stress

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plants are continuously affected by a wide range of environmental stresses that limit their agricultural productivity. Understanding these stresses is very important considering that plants are the most important source of food globally, both directly and indirectly. Biotic and abiotic stress, such as increased periods of water shortage, the presence of heavy metals, higher temperatures, salinity, nutrient availability, increased CO2 concentrations and diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, nematodes and herbivores, can reduce most crops’ productivity. Plants under external stress generate an appropriate cellular response involving a complex network of  physiological and biochemical changes. These cellular responses relay the stimuli from sensors in the cell surface or the cytoplasm to the transcriptional machinery in the nucleus with the help of various signal transduction pathways. This leads to differential transcriptional changes that protect the plant against stress. The advent of genomic studies and gene discovery has presented an excellent opportunity to develop stress-tolerant crops. This Special Issue in Plants will consider the molecular mechanisms of biotic and abiotic stress in plants, particularly against the background of climate change. Multidisciplinary approaches related to agronomy, physiology, biochemistry, high-throughput phenotyping, genomics, metabolomics, etc., are welcome.

Dr. Sonia Marli Zingaretti
Dr. Pierre Carol
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • abiotic and biotic stress
  • gene regulation, photosynthesis
  • plant development
  • plant growth
  • plant metabolism, plant tolerance

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 14321 KiB  
Article
PYL Family Genes from Liriodendron chinense Positively Respond to Multiple Stresses
by Xinru Wu, Junjie Zhu, Xinying Chen, Jiaji Zhang, Lu Lu, Zhaodong Hao, Jisen Shi and Jinhui Chen
Plants 2023, 12(14), 2609; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12142609 - 11 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1425
Abstract
The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays important roles in response to abiotic and biotic stresses in plants. Pyrabactin resistance 1-like (PYR/PYL) proteins are well-known as ABA receptors, which are responsible for ABA signal transduction. Nevertheless, the characteristics of PYL genes from Liriodendron chinense [...] Read more.
The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays important roles in response to abiotic and biotic stresses in plants. Pyrabactin resistance 1-like (PYR/PYL) proteins are well-known as ABA receptors, which are responsible for ABA signal transduction. Nevertheless, the characteristics of PYL genes from Liriodendron chinense, an endangered timber tree, remain unclear in coping with various stresses. In this study, five PYLs were identified from the genome of Liriodendron chinense by sequence alignment and conserved motif analysis, which revealed that these LcPYLs contain a conserved gate and latch motif for ABA binding. The LcPYL promoters possess a series of cis-acting elements involved in response to various hormone and abiotic stresses. Moreover, the transcriptome data of Liriodendron hybrid leaves reveal that LcPYL genes specifically transcript under different abiotic stresses; Lchi11622 transcription was induced by drought and cold treatment, and Lchi01385 and Lchi16997 transcription was upregulated under cold and hot stress, respectively. Meanwhile, the LcPYLs with high expression levels shown in the transcriptomes were also found to be upregulated in whole plants treated with the same stresses tested by qPCR. Moreover, under biotic stress caused by scale insect and whitefly, Liriodendron hybrid leaves exhibited a distinct phenotype including disease spots that are dark green in the middle and yellow on the margin; the qPCR results showed that the relative expression levels of Lchi13641 and Lchi11622 in infected leaves were upregulated by 1.76 and 3.75 folds relative to normal leaves, respectively. The subcellular localizations of these stress-responsive LcPYLs were also identified in protoplasts of Liriodendron hybrid. These results provide a foundation to elucidate the function of PYLs from this elite tree species and assist in understanding the molecular mechanism of Liriodendron hybrid in dealing with abiotic and biotic stresses. In future research, the detailed biological function of LcPYLs and the genetic redundancy between LcPYLs can be explored by gene overexpression and knockout based on this study. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Biotic and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants)
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17 pages, 3713 KiB  
Article
Salt-Induced Modulation of Ion Transport and PSII Photoprotection Determine the Salinity Tolerance of Amphidiploid Brassicas
by Nisma Farooq, Muhammad Omar Khan, Muhammad Zaheer Ahmed, Samia Fatima, Muhammad Asif Nawaz, Zainul Abideen, Brent L. Nielsen and Niaz Ahmad
Plants 2023, 12(14), 2590; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12142590 - 8 Jul 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1519
Abstract
Brassica species show varying levels of resistance to salt stress. To understand the genetics underlying these differential stress tolerance patterns in Brassicas, we exposed two widely cultivated amphidiploid Brassica species having different genomes, Brassica juncea (AABB, n = 18) and Brassica napus (AACC, [...] Read more.
Brassica species show varying levels of resistance to salt stress. To understand the genetics underlying these differential stress tolerance patterns in Brassicas, we exposed two widely cultivated amphidiploid Brassica species having different genomes, Brassica juncea (AABB, n = 18) and Brassica napus (AACC, n = 19), to elevated levels of NaCl concentration (300 mM, half the salinity of seawater). B. juncea produced more biomass, an increased chlorophyll content, and fewer accumulated sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl−) ions in its photosynthesizing tissues. Chlorophyll fluorescence assays revealed that the reaction centers of PSII of B. juncea were more photoprotected and hence more active than those of B. napus under NaCl stress, which, in turn, resulted in a better PSII quantum efficiency, better utilization of photochemical energy with significantly reduced energy loss, and higher electron transport rates, even under stressful conditions. The expression of key genes responsible for salt tolerance (NHX1 and AVP1, which are nuclear-encoded) and photosynthesis (psbA, psaA, petB, and rbcL, which are chloroplast-encoded) were monitored for their genetic differences underlying stress tolerance. Under NaCl stress, the expression of NHX1, D1, and Rubisco increased several folds in B. juncea plants compared to B. napus, highlighting differences in genetics between these two Brassicas. The higher photosynthetic potential under stress suggests that B. juncea is a promising candidate for genetic modifications and its cultivation on marginal lands. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Biotic and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants)
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