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Aquatic Plants and Wetland
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Aquatic Plants and Wetland

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Ecology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 2728

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Fan Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
Interests: aquatic plant and freshwater environment; aquatic plant physiology; aquatic plant reproduction biology; plant–environmental factor interactions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As one of the most effective and environmentally friendly solutions for water quality improvement, constructed wetlands (CWs) have attracted significant global attention. Aquatic plants, as the core components of CWs, play vital roles in nutrient absorption, oxygen provision, and micro-environmental support. Investigating the responses of aquatic plants—including, but not limited to, changes in population dynamics, morphological and physiological alterations, and the underlying mechanisms—will enhance our understanding of the coexistence and interactions between aquatic plants and CWs. It can also provide the theoretical basis for carrying out ecological restorations of CWs for using aquatic plants. This Special Issue of Plants will focus on the population dynamics, morphological, physiological, and molecular variations of aquatic plants, as well as their roles and functions in water purification within CWs.

Dr. Fan Liu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aquatic plants
  • constructed wetland
  • population dynamics
  • morphological variation
  • physiological responses
  • molecular mechanisms

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2510 KiB  
Article
Responses of the Leaf Characteristics of Nymphoides peltata to a Water Depth Gradient in the Qionghai Lake, Western Sichuan Plateau, China
by Qun Li, Lan Chen, Yumei Qiu, Xiaoyan Li, Zhe Nan, Shulin Yao, Zhenghong Chen, Yuhan Zhang and Chengzhang Zhao
Plants 2025, 14(6), 919; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14060919 - 14 Mar 2025
Viewed by 378
Abstract
The correlations between leaf traits of plants with floating leaves and the responses of these traits to changes in water depth can be used to explore the ecological adaptation strategies of aquatic plants. However, few studies have investigated the covariation and correlation of [...] Read more.
The correlations between leaf traits of plants with floating leaves and the responses of these traits to changes in water depth can be used to explore the ecological adaptation strategies of aquatic plants. However, few studies have investigated the covariation and correlation of leaf petiole and leaf morphological indices of aquatic plants along natural water depth gradients. Three plots were established along a water depth gradient: plot I (shallow water, with a water depth ranging from 0 to 20 cm), plot II (medium water, with a water depth ranging from 20 to 40 cm), and plot III (deep water, with a water level ranging from 40 to 60 cm). The floating plant Nymphoides peltata (S. G. Gmel.) Kuntze was studied in the Qionghai National Wetland Park, Sichuan Province, China. The results showed that N. peltata had large, thin leaves and short, thin leaf petioles in plot I; the leaf petiole and leaf traits were opposite of those in Plot III. In the three plots, leaf petiole length and leaf petiole diameter were significantly negatively correlated with leaf area, leaf circumference, leaf length, and leaf width (p < 0.05). N. peltata can maintain normal growth, survival, and reproduction in heterogeneous habitats with different water depths by altering its leaf morphological characteristics in a timely manner. This study is helpful for understanding the mechanism of phenotypic plasticity in aquatic plants with floating foliage in heterogeneous environments and provides a scientific basis for the management of aquatic plants in wetlands. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aquatic Plants and Wetland)
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10 pages, 4329 KiB  
Article
Structure of Plant Populations in Constructed Wetlands and Their Ability for Water Purification
by Junshuang Yu, Ling Xian and Fan Liu
Plants 2025, 14(2), 162; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14020162 - 8 Jan 2025
Viewed by 859
Abstract
In constructed wetlands (CWs) with multiple plant communities, population structure may change over time and these variations may ultimately influence water quality. However, in CWs with multiple plant communities, it is still unclear how population structure may change over time and how these [...] Read more.
In constructed wetlands (CWs) with multiple plant communities, population structure may change over time and these variations may ultimately influence water quality. However, in CWs with multiple plant communities, it is still unclear how population structure may change over time and how these variations ultimately influence water quality. Here, we established a CW featuring multiple plant species within a polder to investigate the variation in plant population structure and wastewater treatment effect for drainage water over the course of one year. Our results showed that the total species decreased from 52 to 36; however, 20 established species with different ecological types (emerged or submerged) remained with the same functional assembly for nutrient absorption, accounting for 94.69% of relative richness at the initial stage and 91.37% at the last state. The Shannon index showed no significant differences among the initial, middle, and last states. Meanwhile, regarding nutrient content, the total phosphorus (TP) concentration decreased by 57.66% at the middle stage and by 56.76% at the last state. Total nitrogen (TN) decreased by 50.86% and 49.30%, respectively. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) decreased by 36.83% and 38.47%, while chlorophyll a (Chla) decreased by 72.36% and 78.54%, respectively. Redundancy analysis (RDA) results indicated that none of the selected environmental variables significantly affected the species community except for conductivity. Our findings suggest that when utilizing multiple species for CWs, it is essential to focus on the well-established species within the plant community. By maintaining these well-established species, water purification in CWs can be sustained. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aquatic Plants and Wetland)
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20 pages, 7393 KiB  
Article
Stage-Specific Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Physiology During the Early Growth Stages of Rice
by Ruxue Pan, Zailin Zhang, Ya Li, Sihong Zhu, Sumera Anwar, Jiaquan Huang, Chuanling Zhang and Liyan Yin
Plants 2024, 13(23), 3454; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13233454 - 9 Dec 2024
Viewed by 1028
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), widely utilized nanomaterials, can negatively affect crop growth and development. However, it remains unclear whether crops exhibit similar responses to AgNPs stress at seed germination and seedling stages. In this study, rice seeds and seedlings were exposed to AgNPs, and [...] Read more.
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), widely utilized nanomaterials, can negatively affect crop growth and development. However, it remains unclear whether crops exhibit similar responses to AgNPs stress at seed germination and seedling stages. In this study, rice seeds and seedlings were exposed to AgNPs, and their growth, photosynthetic efficiency, and antioxidant systems were recorded. demonstrated significant AgNPs accumulation in rice tissues, with notable higher accumulation in seedlings exposed to AgNPs after germination compared to AgNPs exposure during germination. The roots exhibited greater AgNPs accumulation than shoots across both stages. Exposure to AgNPs during the seed germination stage, even at concentrations up to 2 mg/L, did not significantly affect growth, physiological indices, or oxidative stress. In contrast, seedlings exposed to 1 and 2 mg/L AgNPs showed significant reductions in shoot length, biomass, nutrient content, and photosynthetic efficiency. At low AgNPs concentrations, the maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) was significantly reduced, while the higher concentrations caused pronounced declines in the chlorophyll a fluorescence transient curves (OJIP) compared to the control group. Antioxidant enzyme activities increased in both leaves and roots in a dose-dependent manner, with roots exhibiting significantly higher activity, suggesting that roots are the primary site of AgNPs stress responses. In conclusion, rice responds differently to AgNPs exposure at distinct developmental stages, with the seedling stage being more susceptible to AgNPs-induced stress than the seed germination stage. These findings underscore the importance of considering growth stages when assessing the food safety and environmental risks associated with AgNPs exposure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aquatic Plants and Wetland)
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