Opportunities and Challenges in Plant Germplasm

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Genetics, Genomics and Biotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2022) | Viewed by 3668

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
Interests: germplasm; phenotype; genetic diversity; tolerance genes

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Guest Editor
Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan
Interests: oxidant stress; DNA damage and repair; microenvironment and tumorigenesis; nature products; inflammation and cancer
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With the advancement of science and technology, the application of high-throughput technologies is becoming more and more important in modern plant biology. High-throughput plant phenotyping, sequencing and data accumulation provides massive information to have deeper understanding of plant biology by the generation of biologically important data sets from plant germplasms or different plant spcies for crop improvement. For example, the applications of core collections of germplasms, spectral imaging from UAVs, multi-omics data integration, candidate genes selection of imporant traits, and molecular characterization have been increasing rapidly in recent years, generating high expectations for dealing with or linking genotypic and phenotypic data, and improving plant breeding but have also underscored some challenges. Challenges arising are often due to incomplete, incorrect, or not accessible, phenotypes, genotypes and -omics data, which limit the progress of crop improvement. This Special Issue of Plants will highlight the strategies, methods, approaches, and laboratory technologies to reduce the noise and uncertainties arising from the above issues. We welcome research from laboratories, germplams studies, multi-omics, and field trials. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  1. Developing novel approaches to establish core collection of plant germplasm; in particular, incomplete phenotypic and/or genotypic data are used.
  2. Application of systematic approaches to multi-omics integration and systems biology in plants.
  3. Spectral imaging from UAVs for important traits in plants.
  4. Application of well-established and novel screening techniques to the plant, tissue, molecular biology and cellular landscape.

Dr. Chung-Feng Kao
Dr. Chan-Yen Kuo
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • germplasm
  • core collection
  • multi-omics
  • systems biology
  • spectral imaging
  • screening techniques

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 1760 KiB  
Article
Uncovering the Genetic of Cadmium Accumulation in the Rice 3K Panel
by Chien-Hui Syu, Ting-Iun Nieh, Meng-Ting Hsieh, Yu-Ching Lo, Pei-Rong Du, Yu-Wen Lin and Dong-Hong Wu
Plants 2022, 11(21), 2813; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11212813 - 22 Oct 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1362
Abstract
Because Cadmium (Cd) is harmful to humans, and most non-smokers are exposed to Cd mainly through rice consumption, low-Cd rice breeding is urgently needed. It might not be possible to apply variation created using gene editing technology to breeding directly, so it is [...] Read more.
Because Cadmium (Cd) is harmful to humans, and most non-smokers are exposed to Cd mainly through rice consumption, low-Cd rice breeding is urgently needed. It might not be possible to apply variation created using gene editing technology to breeding directly, so it is important to explore genetic variation in this trait in a natural population. In this study, variation in 4 genes was identified among 3024 accessions from the International Rice Research Institute 3000 Rice Genome Project (IRRI 3K-RGP) and 71 other important varieties, and the relationships between the variants and plant Cd accumulation were validated with hydroponic and pot experiments. Variants in OsNRAMP1, OsNRAMP5, OsLCD, and OsHMA3 were grouped into two, four, three, and two haplotypes, respectively. Fourteen combinations of these haplotypes, which were referred to as Cd-mobile types, were found in the collection. Of these, type 14 was shown to have the greatest potential for low-Cd accumulation, and functional markers for this type were designed. The results of this study provide an important resource for low-Cd rice breeding and highlight an effective strategy for pre-breeding programs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Opportunities and Challenges in Plant Germplasm)
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10 pages, 775 KiB  
Article
Molecular Breeding of Water-Saving and Drought-Resistant Rice for Blast and Bacterial Blight Resistance
by Anning Zhang, Yi Liu, Feiming Wang, Deyan Kong, Junguo Bi, Fenyun Zhang, Xingxing Luo, Jiahong Wang, Guolan Liu, Lijun Luo and Xinqiao Yu
Plants 2022, 11(19), 2641; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11192641 - 08 Oct 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1643
Abstract
Rice production is often affected by biotic and abiotic stressors. The breeding of resistant cultivars is a cost-cutting and environmentally friendly strategy to maintain a sustainable high production level. An elite water-saving and drought-resistant rice (WDR), Hanhui3, is susceptible to blast and bacterial [...] Read more.
Rice production is often affected by biotic and abiotic stressors. The breeding of resistant cultivars is a cost-cutting and environmentally friendly strategy to maintain a sustainable high production level. An elite water-saving and drought-resistant rice (WDR), Hanhui3, is susceptible to blast and bacterial blight (BB). This study was conducted to introgress three resistance genes (Pi2, xa5, and Xa23) for blast and BB into Hanhui3, using marker-assisted selection (MAS) for the foreground selection and a whole-genome single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array for the background selection. As revealed by the whole-genome SNP array, the recurrent parent genome (RPG) recovery of the improved NIL was 94.2%. The resistance levels to blast and BB of the improved NIL and its derived hybrids were higher than that of the controls. In addition, the improved NIL and its derived hybrids retained the desired agronomic traits from Hanhui3, such as yield. The improved NIL could be useful to enhance resistance against biotic stressors and produce stable grain yields in Oryza sativa subspecies indica rice breeding programs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Opportunities and Challenges in Plant Germplasm)
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