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Advances in Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Brassica napus L.
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Advances in Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Brassica napus L.

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2025 | Viewed by 4237

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Soo-In Sohn

E-Mail
Guest Editor
National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
Interests: rapeseed (Brassica napus L.); plant breeding; interspecific hybridization; plant biotechnology; premature germination
Dr. Subramani Pandian

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
Interests: Brassica sp.; functional genomics; plant physiology; plant genetics; plant metabolism; molecular markers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues，

Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) holds the position of being the third-largest oilseed crop globally, following soybean and oil palm. It is esteemed for its production of high-quality edible oil and biofuel. The increasing demand for rapeseed across diverse industries underscores the need for continuous improvements in genetic characteristics to align with market needs. Agricultural researchers have consistently prioritized the enhancement of crop traits, focusing on both quantitative and qualitative aspects. Hence, the primary objective of this Special Issue is to compile the most recent advancements in rapeseed genetics and breeding pertaining to the mentioned areas. This includes but not restricted to exploring and defining genes/QTLs and new/highly effective alleles through functional genomics, genetics, resequencing, and breeding techniques. The aim is to enhance rapeseed oil content, improve oil quality, boost yield potential, elevate nutritional values, and fortify resilience against biotic and abiotic stresses.

Dr. Soo-In Sohn
Dr. Subramani Pandian
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Brassica napus L.
  • functional genomics
  • genetics
  • breeding
  • biotechnology
  • genomics
  • crop breeding
  • germplasm resources

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 11179 KiB  
Article
Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Basic Pentacysteine Transcription Factors in Brassica napus
by Huan Hu, Yuqin Jiang, Chiyuan Liu, Ying Zhang, Mingxun Chen and Zijin Liu
Plants 2025, 14(7), 1136; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14071136 - 6 Apr 2025
Viewed by 332
Abstract
BARLEY B-RECOMBINANT/BASIC PENTACYSTEINE (BBR/BPC), a plant-specific transcription factor family, is a group of GAGA_motif binding factors controlling multiple developmental processes of growth and response to abiotic stresses. BPCs recruit histone remodeling factors for transcriptional repression of downstream targets. However, the information about BnaBPCs [...] Read more.
BARLEY B-RECOMBINANT/BASIC PENTACYSTEINE (BBR/BPC), a plant-specific transcription factor family, is a group of GAGA_motif binding factors controlling multiple developmental processes of growth and response to abiotic stresses. BPCs recruit histone remodeling factors for transcriptional repression of downstream targets. However, the information about BnaBPCs from Brassica napus remains unclear. Here, we identified 25 BnaBPC genes that were mainly localized in the nucleus, randomly localized on 16 chromosomes, and grouped into three subfamilies based on phylogenetic analysis. Twenty-five BnaBPC genes exhibit syntenic relationships with AtBPC genes, and the polypeptides encoded by BnaBPC genes within the same subfamily share similar conserved motifs and protein domains. The expansion of BnaBPC genes underwent whole-genome duplication events and purifying selection in genomes, and all the BnaBPC genes had the same conserved GAGA binding domains. Additionally, the promoter of each BnaBPC gene consisted of various cis-elements associated with stresses, phytohormones, and growth and development. Notably, the seed-specific regulatory element was found only in the BnaC04.BPC4 promoter. Further expression pattern analysis showed that BnaBPC members are widely expressed in stems, buds, developing seeds and siliques. These findings provide insights into BnaBPC genes and enrich our understanding of their functional characterization in B. napus. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Brassica napus L.)
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20 pages, 2675 KiB  
Article
GABA and Proline Application Induce Drought Resistance in Oilseed Rape
by Sigita Jurkonienė, Virgilija Gavelienė, Rima Mockevičiūtė, Elžbieta Jankovska-Bortkevič, Vaidevutis Šveikauskas, Jurga Jankauskienė, Tautvydas Žalnierius and Liudmyla Kozeko
Plants 2025, 14(6), 860; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14060860 - 10 Mar 2025
Viewed by 558
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and proline, both individually and in combination, on the growth of oilseed rape under drought stress and following the resumption of irrigation. The goal was to determine whether the exogenous application of these compounds [...] Read more.
This study investigates the effects of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and proline, both individually and in combination, on the growth of oilseed rape under drought stress and following the resumption of irrigation. The goal was to determine whether the exogenous application of these compounds enhances the plants response to prolonged water deficit and, if so, to identify the biochemical processes involved in the plant tissue. The experiment was conducted under controlled laboratory conditions. After 21 days of plant cultivation, at the 3–4 leaf stage, seedlings were sprayed with aqueous solutions of GABA (0.1 mM) and proline (0.1 mM). The plants were then subjected to 8 days of severe drought stress, after which irrigation was resumed, and recovery was assessed over 4 days. The results showed that both amino acids alleviated the drought-induced stress as indicated by higher relative water content (RWC), increased levels of endogenous proline and photosynthetic pigments in leaves, and enhanced survival and growth recovery after drought. GABA-treated plants maintained membrane integrity and preserved plasma membrane (PM) ATPase activity during prolonged drought stress while reducing ethylene, H2O2, and MDA levels. Proline also influenced these biochemical responses, though to a lesser extent. The combination of GABA and proline facilitated better recovery of oilseed rape compared to the drought control group following rewatering. Notably, GABA treatment resulted in a significant increase in gene expression compared to the untreated control. Molecular analysis of drought-responsive genes revealed that the gene expression in plants treated with both proline and GABA was typically intermediate between those treated with proline alone and those treated with GABA alone. Based on these findings, we propose that GABA application could serve as an alternative to proline for improving oilseed rape’s drought tolerance, potentially increasing both crop yield and quality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Brassica napus L.)
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11 pages, 2580 KiB  
Article
Introgression of Herbicide-Resistant Gene from Genetically Modified Brassica napus L. to Brassica rapa through Backcrossing
by Subramani Pandian, Young-Sun Ban, Eun-Kyoung Shin, Senthil Kumar Thamilarasan, Muthusamy Muthusamy, Young-Ju Oh, Ho-Keun An and Soo-In Sohn
Plants 2024, 13(20), 2863; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13202863 - 13 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1206
Abstract
Interspecific hybridization between two different Brassicaceae species, namely Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis (♀) (AA, 2n = 2x = 20) and genetically modified Brassica napus (♂) (AACC, 2n = 4x = 38), was performed to study the transmission of a herbicide resistance gene from [...] Read more.
Interspecific hybridization between two different Brassicaceae species, namely Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis (♀) (AA, 2n = 2x = 20) and genetically modified Brassica napus (♂) (AACC, 2n = 4x = 38), was performed to study the transmission of a herbicide resistance gene from a tetraploid to a diploid Brassica species. Initially, four different GM B. napus lines were used for hybridization with B. rapa via hand pollination. Among the F1 hybrids, the cross involving the B. rapa (♀) × GM B. napus (♂) TG#39 line exhibited the highest recorded crossability index of 14.7 ± 5.7. However, subsequent backcross progenies (BC1, BC2, and BC3) displayed notably lower crossability indices. The F1 plants displayed morphological characteristics more aligned with the male parent B. napus, with significant segregation observed in the BC1 generation upon backcrossing with the recurrent parent B. rapa. By the BC2 and BC3 generations, the progeny stabilized, manifesting traits from both parents to varying degrees. Cytogenetic analysis revealed a substantial reduction in chromosome numbers, particularly in backcrossing progenies. BC1 plants typically exhibited 21–25 chromosomes, while BC2 progenies showed 21–22 chromosomes, and by the BC3 generation, stability was achieved with an average of 20 chromosomes. SSR marker analysis confirmed the progressive reduction of C-genome regions, retaining minimal C-genome-specific bands throughout successive backcrossing. Despite the extensive elimination of C-genome-specific genomic regions, the glyphosate resistance gene from the male parent B. napus was introgressed into BC3 progenies, suggesting that the glyphosate resistance gene located and introgressed in A-chromosome/genome regions of the Brassica plants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Brassica napus L.)
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17 pages, 6025 KiB  
Article
Genotyping-by-Sequencing Analysis Reveals Associations between Agronomic and Oil Traits in Gamma Ray-Derived Mutant Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)
by Woon Ji Kim, Baul Yang, Dong-Gun Kim, Sang Hoon Kim, Ye-Jin Lee, Juyoung Kim, So Hyeon Baek, Si-Yong Kang, Joon-Woo Ahn, Yu-Jin Choi, Chang-Hyu Bae, Kanivalan Iwar, Seong-Hoon Kim and Jaihyunk Ryu
Plants 2024, 13(11), 1576; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13111576 - 6 Jun 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1509
Abstract
Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) holds significant commercial value as one of the leading oil crops, with its agronomic features and oil quality being crucial determinants. In this investigation, 73,226 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across 95 rapeseed mutant lines induced by gamma rays, [...] Read more.
Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) holds significant commercial value as one of the leading oil crops, with its agronomic features and oil quality being crucial determinants. In this investigation, 73,226 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across 95 rapeseed mutant lines induced by gamma rays, alongside the original cultivar (‘Tamra’), using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) analysis were examined. This study encompassed gene ontology (GO) analysis and a genomewide association study (GWAS), thereby concentrating on agronomic traits (e.g., plant height, ear length, thousand-seed weight, and seed yield) and oil traits (including fatty acid composition and crude fat content). The GO analysis unveiled a multitude of genes with SNP variations associated with cellular processes, intracellular anatomical structures, and organic cyclic compound binding. Through GWAS, we detected 320 significant SNPs linked to both agronomic (104 SNPs) and oil traits (216 SNPs). Notably, two novel candidate genes, Bna.A05p02350D (SFGH) and Bna.C02p22490D (MDN1), are implicated in thousand-seed weight regulation. Additionally, Bna.C03p14350D (EXO70) and Bna.A09p05630D (PI4Kα1) emerged as novel candidate genes associated with erucic acid and crude fat content, respectively. These findings carry implications for identifying superior genotypes for the development of new cultivars. Association studies offer a cost-effective means of screening mutants and selecting elite rapeseed breeding lines, thereby enhancing the commercial viability of this pivotal oil crop. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Brassica napus L.)
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