Metabolic Pathways and Hormonal Regulation in Plant Defense and Growth

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Physiology and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 924

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
Interests: plant growth–defense trade-off; phytohormone signaling; phytoalexin; phosphate starvation signaling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to explore the intricate interplay between metabolic pathways and hormonal regulation in shaping plant defense and growth. Plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to balance growth and defense through the production of secondary metabolites and the action of various hormones. These interactions are crucial for optimizing crop yield while maintaining resistance to biotic stresses. By elucidating the underlying mechanisms, we can develop strategies to enhance crop resilience and productivity. The issue will cover three main research directions:

  1. The role of hormones and secondary metabolites in plant growth and defense: Investigating how hormones and secondary metabolites influence plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, and their impact on plant development and yield;
  2. Hormone regulation of secondary metabolism affecting crop growth and resistance: Examining the mechanisms by which hormones regulate the synthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites, and how this affects plant growth and resistance to pathogens;
  3. The impact of secondary metabolism on hormone-regulated growth and defense: Exploring how secondary metabolites influence hormone signaling pathways and their effects on plant growth and defense responses.

Dr. Yuqing He
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • plant hormones
  • secondary metabolites
  • plant defense
  • growth regulation
  • metabolic pathways
  • plant–pathogen interactions

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 4730 KB  
Article
Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme Positively Regulates Salicylic Acid and Jasmonic Acid Biosynthesis to Confer Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana
by Xianglong Zhang, Zihao Chen, Shijie Jiang, Lin Xie, Jingjing Fan, Nengbing Hu and Xiangxiang Zhang
Plants 2025, 14(20), 3234; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14203234 - 21 Oct 2025
Viewed by 133
Abstract
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (UBC) plays a significant role in plant hormone signal transduction. In this study, we observed that TuMV infection markedly upregulates UBC mRNA expression, suggesting a close association between UBC and viral infection. Using Tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-based virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) [...] Read more.
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (UBC) plays a significant role in plant hormone signal transduction. In this study, we observed that TuMV infection markedly upregulates UBC mRNA expression, suggesting a close association between UBC and viral infection. Using Tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-based virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) to downregulate UBC expression in Nicotiana benthamiana, we found that UBC-silenced plants exhibited enhanced susceptibility to TuMV compared with control plants. Conversely, transient overexpression of UBC protein suppressed viral propagation. Further analysis by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) revealed a substantial downregulation in the expression of SA and JA biosynthetic genes in UBC-silenced plants. Accordingly, liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) confirmed a marked decrease in the accumulation of the corresponding hormones. Exogenous application of SA or JA partially restored antiviral resistance in UBC-silenced plants, indicating that hormonal deficiency contributes to enhanced viral susceptibility. Collectively, our results demonstrate that UBC positively regulates SA and JA biosynthesis. UBC silencing impairs both SA- and JA-mediated defense pathways, thereby facilitating viral infection in N. benthamiana. Full article
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15 pages, 6940 KB  
Article
Integrative Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Elucidate the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Enhanced Yield and Bacterial Blight Resistance in the RXN2 Rice Cultivar
by Ji’an Bi, Jingqi Wang, Xuan Huang, Jiefeng Jiang, Xianbo Shi, Genliang Bao, Qiufeng Meng and Chengqi Yan
Plants 2025, 14(18), 2921; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14182921 - 19 Sep 2025
Viewed by 376
Abstract
Achieving high yield while maintaining disease resistance is a crucial goal in rice breeding programs. In this research, two cultivated rice varieties, Jia58 and Runxiang3, were selected as parental lines. A new variety, designated as the new variety RXN2, was generated and identified [...] Read more.
Achieving high yield while maintaining disease resistance is a crucial goal in rice breeding programs. In this research, two cultivated rice varieties, Jia58 and Runxiang3, were selected as parental lines. A new variety, designated as the new variety RXN2, was generated and identified through a breeding process that involved hybridization of the parental lines followed by irradiation-induced mutagenesis of the offspring. Compared with its parental lines, RXN2 shows increased plant height, higher yield, and stronger resistance to bacterial blight. Comprehensive transcriptomic and metabolic analyses indicate that pathways associated with growth, such as gibberellin and auxin signaling, are upregulated in RXN2. Meanwhile, defense-related pathways, especially those involving jasmonic acid and peroxidase metabolism, are significantly enhanced. These results provide new insights into the trade-offs between growth and defense and elucidate the genetic and metabolic underpinnings of the simultaneous improvement in grain yield and disease resistance in rice. Full article
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