Bio-Based Solutions for Sustainable Plant Systems

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Physiology and Crop Production".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 October 2025 | Viewed by 131

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
Interests: bio-based product; wood distillate; biochar; crop production; secondary metabolites; sustainable agriculture
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sustainable agriculture is fundamental in addressing global challenges such as climate change, food security, and environmental protection. This Special Issue explores bio-based solutions that enhance plant systems while reducing the environmental impact of agricultural practices. A major focus is on biostimulants, natural substances that stimulate plant growth, improve nutrient uptake, and increase resilience to stress. Their role in enhancing root development, crop productivity, and overall plant health is crucial for sustainable agriculture.

Specifically, wood distillates and essential oils are gaining interest for their ability to enhance crop yield and nutritional value, providing eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic agrochemicals. Another key topic is biochar, a carbon-rich material that improves soil fertility, water retention, and carbon sequestration, making it an essential tool for regenerative agriculture.

This Special Issue also explores green solutions for mitigating abiotic stress, such as drought, salinity, and temperature fluctuations, which significantly impact crop growth. In addition, it examines the effects of bio-based products on crop species as well as spontaneous species within agroecosystems, which may be affected during the application of these products.

By integrating these bio-based strategies, this Special Issue provides innovative insights into sustainable agriculture, eco-friendly plant protection, and improved crop resilience, fostering a transition toward a more environmentally conscious agricultural model.

Dr. Riccardo Fedeli
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • biostimulant
  • wood distillate
  • biochar
  • essential oils
  • green solutions
  • sustainable agriculture
  • crop production
  • abiotic stress
  • spontaneous plants

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 1874 KiB  
Article
Soil Drenching with Wood Distillate Modifies the Nutritional Properties of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Seeds by Increasing the Protein Content and Inducing Targeted Changes in the Proteomic Profile
by Rossana De Salvo, Riccardo Fedeli, Alfonso Carleo, Luca Bini, Stefano Loppi and Laura Bianchi
Plants 2025, 14(13), 2046; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14132046 - 3 Jul 2025
Viewed by 5
Abstract
The production of food with a naturally enriched protein content is a strategic response to the growing global demand for sustainable protein sources. Wood distillate (WD), a by-product of the pyrolysis of woody biomass, has previously been shown to increase the protein concentration [...] Read more.
The production of food with a naturally enriched protein content is a strategic response to the growing global demand for sustainable protein sources. Wood distillate (WD), a by-product of the pyrolysis of woody biomass, has previously been shown to increase the protein concentration and bioavailability in chickpea seeds. Here, we evaluated the effect of 0.5% (v/v) WD soil drenching on chickpea productivity, nutritional profile, and proteomic pattern. WD treatment significantly improved the yield by increasing plant biomass (+144%), number of pods and seeds (+148% and +147%), and seed size (diameter: +6%; weight: +25%). Nutritional analyses revealed elevated levels of soluble proteins (+15%), starch (+11%), fructose (+135%), and polyphenols (+14%) and a greater antioxidant capacity (25%), alongside a reduction in glucose content, albeit not statistically significant, suggesting an unchanged or even lowered glycemic index. Although their concentration decreased, Ca (−31%), K (−12%), P (−5%), and Zn (−14%) in WD-treated plants remained within normal ranges. To preliminary assess the quality and safety of the protein enrichment, a differential proteomic analysis was performed on coarse flours from individual seeds. Despite the higher protein content, the overall protein profiles of the WD-treated seeds showed limited variation, with only a few storage proteins, identified as legumin and vicilin-like isoforms, being differentially abundant. These findings indicate a general protein concentration increase without a major alteration in the proteoform composition or differential protein synthesis. Overall, WD emerged as a promising and sustainable biostimulant for chickpea cultivation, capable of enhancing both yield and nutritional value, while maintaining the proteomic integrity and, bona fide, food safety. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bio-Based Solutions for Sustainable Plant Systems)
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