The Impact of Nanomaterials on Plant Growth, Development and Metabolism, Third Edition

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Development and Morphogenesis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2026 | Viewed by 11138

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Institute of Natural Science and Agriculture, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
Interests: plant tissue culture; secondary metabolites; hydroponics; environmental protection
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanotechnology involves the study and manipulation of materials at length scales below 100 nm. Nanomaterials (NMs) are widely used in the agricultural, biomedical, and industrial fields due to their unique physicochemical properties. We are in the midst of an uncontrollable nano-boom that has produced a wealth of positive changes. However, this technology generates a persistent form of pollution that is too small to detect or contain easily. NMs can enter the environment via the air, soil, and water. The external environment often influences the development of plants, as NMs in the natural environment may enter plant tissues and affect plant growth. The interactions between NMs and plants are yet to be fully understood. Thus, it is essential that we develop an understanding of the physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms of NMs in plants. This Special Issue welcomes original research or review articles focused on the impacts of NMs on seed germination, plant biomass, genetic modification, protection and yield, and the production of bioactive compounds.

Dr. Iyyakkannu Sivanesan
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • nanoparticles
  • bioactive metabolites
  • nanofertilizers
  • genetic transformation
  • plant disease control
  • plant growth
  • nanopesticides
  • nanotoxicity

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 3222 KB  
Article
Effects of Functionalized Iron Oxide Magnetic Nanoparticle Suspensions on Seed Morphology and Physiology in Yellow Maize and Chili Pepper
by Álvaro Velásquez, Jeaneth Urquijo, Yessica Montoya, Danna Susunaga and Diego Villanueva
Plants 2025, 14(23), 3592; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14233592 - 25 Nov 2025
Viewed by 351
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of suspensions of magnetite–maghemite nanocomposites functionalized with quaternized chitosan and phosphate groups on morpho-anatomical and physiological traits of yellow maize (Zea mays) and chili pepper (Capsicum annuum) seeds. A phytotoxicity assay was first conducted by [...] Read more.
We evaluated the effects of suspensions of magnetite–maghemite nanocomposites functionalized with quaternized chitosan and phosphate groups on morpho-anatomical and physiological traits of yellow maize (Zea mays) and chili pepper (Capsicum annuum) seeds. A phytotoxicity assay was first conducted by applying aqueous suspensions of these nanocomposites to maize seeds at iron concentrations up to 100 ppm, using deionized water as the control under humid chamber conditions. After incubation, seeds treated with concentrations above 100 ppm exhibited reductions in biomass and root length compared with the control, suggesting phytotoxicity at high levels. Based on these results, suspensions containing 25, 35, and 45 ppm of iron, with corresponding phosphorus concentrations of 2.9, 4.0, and 5.2 ppm, were selected for a second in vitro assay using both maize and chili seeds. No statistically significant differences between treatments and control were detected for the variables measured. Germinated seeds from this assay were further evaluated under greenhouse conditions, where measured parameters also showed no significant differences between treatments and control in either crop. Overall, the findings indicate that aqueous suspensions of magnetite–maghemite nanocomposites with iron concentrations below 100 ppm do not produce phytotoxic effects on seed germination or morpho-anatomical and physiological traits measured. Full article
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18 pages, 1180 KB  
Article
Sex-Related Differences in Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Populus nigra to Bifunctionalized Silver Nanoparticles and Silver Ions Exposure In Vitro
by Valentina Iori, Davide Gentile, Barbara Casentini, Lorenzo Camoni, Anna Fiorillo, Elena Kuzminsky, Iole Venditti and Maria Adelaide Iannelli
Plants 2025, 14(23), 3560; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14233560 - 21 Nov 2025
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Abstract
The aim of this research was to assess the sex-related responses to AgNPs stabilized with citrate (Cit) and glutathione (GSH), relative to silver ions supplied as AgNO3 in black poplar (Populus nigra L.), a dioecious, woody model species. The impact of [...] Read more.
The aim of this research was to assess the sex-related responses to AgNPs stabilized with citrate (Cit) and glutathione (GSH), relative to silver ions supplied as AgNO3 in black poplar (Populus nigra L.), a dioecious, woody model species. The impact of the AgNPs-cit-GSH on male and female clones was evaluated by measuring key parameters of oxidative stress. The results showed that exposure to nanosilver resulted in lower Ag accumulation and reduced MDA levels in both genders compared to AgNO3. The female clone exhibited a dose-dependent response, characterized by an increase in dry weight (DW), along with a reduction in nutrient uptake, protein content, and ATPase activity, as well as an upregulation of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity compared to the control. The male clone displayed a specific treatment response. Exposure to AgNPs-cit-GSH caused a decrease in DW, water content, and nutrient uptake, accompanied by a rise in protein content as well as GST activity. In AgNO3-treated male cells, the increase in Ag content and MDA levels corresponded to a decrease in DW and a rise in protein, Cu, and Ca content. These findings offer valuable insights into sexual dimorphism in dioecious woody plants, a topic that has been largely understudied yet is critical for sustainable resource management strategies. Full article
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Review

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29 pages, 2445 KB  
Review
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle: A Comprehensive Review on Synthesis, Applications and Toxicity
by Rakhi Chandoliya, Shivika Sharma, Vikas Sharma, Rohit Joshi and Iyyakkannu Sivanesan
Plants 2024, 13(21), 2964; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13212964 - 23 Oct 2024
Cited by 35 | Viewed by 9546
Abstract
Nanotechnology has garnered significant interest worldwide due to its wide-ranging applications across various industries. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles are one type of nanoparticle that is commonly utilised in everyday use and can be synthesized by different techniques using physical, chemical and biological extracts. Green [...] Read more.
Nanotechnology has garnered significant interest worldwide due to its wide-ranging applications across various industries. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles are one type of nanoparticle that is commonly utilised in everyday use and can be synthesized by different techniques using physical, chemical and biological extracts. Green synthesis is an economical, environmentally benign and non-toxic method of synthesising nanoparticles. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles have a positive impact on plant physiology, particularly in response to biotic and abiotic stresses, depending on various factors like size, concentration, exposure of the nanoparticles and other variables. Further, titanium dioxide nanoparticles have many applications, such as being used as nano-fertilizers, adsorption of heavy metal from industrial wastewater and antimicrobial activity, as discussed in this review paper. Previous studies investigated whether titanium dioxide nanoparticles also induce genotoxicity may be due to mishandling procedure, exposure time, size, concentration and other variables. This is still contradictory and requires more research. The present review is a pragmatic approach to summarize the synthesis, application, nanotoxicity, genotoxicity and eco-friendly method of nanoparticle synthesis and disposable. Full article
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