Plant Adaptation and Responses to Stress in Forest Trees

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Response to Abiotic Stress and Climate Change".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2026 | Viewed by 1116

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Forestry Institute, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
Interests: forest; root system; soil nutrients; tree growth
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
Interests: organic matter; soil fertility; nutrient cycling; plant nutrition; soil and water conservation
State Forestry and Grassland Administration Engineering Research Center of Chinese Fir, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
Interests: heavy metal stress; nutrition deficiency; resistant physiology; signal transduction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Forest trees are long-lived organisms that are continuously exposed to a wide range of environmental stresses throughout their life cycles. Unlike annual plants, trees must cope with fluctuating and often simultaneous stress factors over extended temporal and spatial scales, which requires highly coordinated adaptive and regulatory mechanisms. Recent advances in molecular biology, physiology and high-throughput omics technologies have substantially improved our understanding of how forest trees perceive stress signals and translate them into adaptive responses. These responses involve complex interactions among signaling pathways, gene regulatory networks, metabolic reprogramming and physiological adjustments that ultimately determine stress tolerance, survival and productivity. This Special Issue, entitled “Plant Adaptation and Responses to Stress in Forest Trees”, aims to bring together recent advances and emerging perspectives on stress adaptation in forest tree species. By integrating studies across multiple levels of biological organization, this collection seeks to enhance our understanding of stress response mechanisms in trees and to provide scientific insights that support forest resilience, conservation and sustainable management in the face of increasing environmental challenges.

This Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the adaptive strategies and stress response mechanisms of forest trees under diverse environmental challenges. The scope encompasses studies addressing both abiotic and biotic stresses, as well as their interactions, including, but not limited to, drought, salinity, temperature extremes, nutrient limitation, heavy metals, pests and pathogens.

We welcome contributions that explore the morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular responses of forest trees to stress, with particular emphasis on regulatory mechanisms, signaling pathways and adaptive plasticity. Studies employing omics approaches (e.g., genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics), integrative multi-omics analyses and systems biology frameworks are especially encouraged. In addition, this Special Issue invites research on stress tolerance, resilience and acclimation in natural forests and managed plantations, as well as studies linking molecular responses to tree growth, productivity, forest health and sustainable forest management under changing environmental conditions. Both original research articles and high-quality review papers are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Pengfei Wu
Dr. Lili Zhou
Dr. Yiquan Ye
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • forest trees
  • timber
  • plant adaptation
  • stress response
  • resistance mechanisms
  • morphological response
  • physiological response
  • molecular response
  • gene regulation
  • metabolic reorganization

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 2431 KB  
Article
Appropriate Nitrogen Addition Boosts Coastal Wetland Carbon Sequestration: Kandelia obovata Optimizes Microbial Carbon Use Strategies
by Huiming You, Wanlong Ni, Jiangrong Lv, Fanglin Tan, Xiaoxue Yu, Jianliang Han and Weibin You
Plants 2026, 15(10), 1470; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15101470 - 12 May 2026
Abstract
Mangrove ecosystems in coastal wetland restoration areas are experiencing escalating nitrogen stress, yet the microbial metabolic mechanisms underlying soil carbon sequestration in Kandelia obovata systems under exogenous nitrogen input remain unclear. In this laboratory tidal simulation experiment, five nitrogen addition levels (N0–N4) were [...] Read more.
Mangrove ecosystems in coastal wetland restoration areas are experiencing escalating nitrogen stress, yet the microbial metabolic mechanisms underlying soil carbon sequestration in Kandelia obovata systems under exogenous nitrogen input remain unclear. In this laboratory tidal simulation experiment, five nitrogen addition levels (N0–N4) were applied to two treatments, namely the planted group and the unplanted group. Results showed that total carbon (TC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) were all higher under nitrogen addition than in the N0 control. TC showed a unimodal response to nitrogen addition, with the highest values observed at N2, while the planted group exhibited the greatest relative increase in TC over the unplanted group at N3 (53.49%). MBC and MBN contents initially increased and then decreased with elevated nitrogen addition, peaking at the N3 treatment. Compared with the N0 control, MBC and MBN contents under N3 increased by 31.83% and 206.24% in the planted group, and by 23.46% and 279.03% in the unplanted group, respectively. Microbial carbon source utilization was stronger in the planted group, where microorganisms preferred amino acid and lipid carbon sources. Microbial communities in the unplanted group fluctuated markedly under nitrogen input, whereas those in the planted group were more stable with higher evenness. In the planted group, nitrogen addition promoted carbon sequestration by enhancing microbial activity and biomass accumulation, while in the unplanted group, nitrogen input exerted complex effects and directly suppressed soil carbon sequestration. These findings suggest that the introduction of Kandelia obovata may enhance microbial biomass, stabilize microbial carbon-use strategies, and promote short-term soil carbon accumulation under moderate nitrogen addition in a laboratory tidal simulation system. Overall, the N3 treatment (20 g N m−2 a−1) serves as a key nitrogen threshold, and exceeding this addition level may weaken the beneficial effects on microbial biomass, metabolic activity, and the relative carbon accumulation advantage of the planting system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Adaptation and Responses to Stress in Forest Trees)
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24 pages, 3495 KB  
Article
Enhanced Polar Auxin Transport and Reduced Brassinosteroid Activity Drive Internode Elongation in Chinese Fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata)
by Chao Wu, Fang-Fang Wang, Fang-Fang Ma, Ling-Peng Ye, Shi-Yan Mu, Ya-Ting Yang, Xiao-Yu Qu, Ya-Ling Zhang, Shu-Bin Li, Shan-Shan Xu, Xiang-Qing Ma, Guang-Qiu Cao, Si-Zu Lin and Yu Chen
Plants 2026, 15(9), 1411; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15091411 - 5 May 2026
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Abstract
Knot-free timber production in Cunninghamia lanceolata depends critically on internodal characteristics, yet the mechanisms governing internode elongation remain poorly understood, hindering breeding efforts for longer-internode varieties. In this study, we selected two clones with distinct internodal traits (the C1 clone exhibited a 25.03% [...] Read more.
Knot-free timber production in Cunninghamia lanceolata depends critically on internodal characteristics, yet the mechanisms governing internode elongation remain poorly understood, hindering breeding efforts for longer-internode varieties. In this study, we selected two clones with distinct internodal traits (the C1 clone exhibited a 25.03% longer internodal length than the C11 clone) as materials. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and RNA sequencing were used to investigate dynamics in endogenous hormones and transcriptional regulation in internodal growth. Results showed that the difference in indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) rhythms in apical buds is a key factor of C1’s longer internodal growth; higher levels of IAA and cytokinins in the apical buds of C1 may support sustained internodal growth; upregulated IAA-related genes in upper phloem (PIN1 and SAURs), which are involved in polar transport and signal response, indicates a stronger capacity to establish apical dominance. Hormone transport may be regulated by very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs). Consistent with reduced brassinosteroid activity, genes involved in VLCFA biosynthesis and transport were generally lower in C1, implying excessive VLCFA accumulation in C11 may be negative to IAA transporting and internode growth. This study offers a preliminary insight into internodal growth mechanisms influenced by hormone biosynthesis and transport in C. lanceolata., providing a basis for genetic improvement, germplasm selection, and exogenous hormone applications in knot-free timber cultivation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Adaptation and Responses to Stress in Forest Trees)
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17 pages, 2756 KB  
Article
Changes in Litter Organic Acid Release Characteristics During Litter Decomposition in Plantations Comprising Different Tree Species
by Jiangfei Li, Yanmin Ren, Zhanling Wang, Xiaojian Wu, Kai Wang, Aiqin Liu and Xiangqing Ma
Plants 2026, 15(7), 1005; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15071005 - 25 Mar 2026
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Abstract
Phosphorus deficiency restricts the productivity of plantation forests in southern China. Low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) can promote insoluble P activation and improve P availability in red soils. However, few studies have investigated organic acids (OAs) released during litter decomposition under field conditions. A [...] Read more.
Phosphorus deficiency restricts the productivity of plantation forests in southern China. Low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) can promote insoluble P activation and improve P availability in red soils. However, few studies have investigated organic acids (OAs) released during litter decomposition under field conditions. A one-year litterbag decomposition experiment with monthly sampling was conducted using four common plantation tree species in subtropical China, namely, Phoebe bournei, Michelia macclurei, Schima superba, and Cunninghamia lanceolata, to determine changes in LMWOA composition, content, and release characteristics during decomposition. Seventeen LMWOAs were detected during litter decomposition, and OA types differed among tree species. The total amount of litter-derived OAs varied among species, following the order S. superba > P. bournei > C. lanceolata > M. macclurei, with the amount in S. superba being 1.15 times that in M. macclurei. The release characteristics of OAs differed significantly. C. lanceolata, S. superba, and M. macclurei exhibited a net release pattern, whereas P. bournei exhibited a release–enrichment–release pattern. S. superba and M. macclurei litter released significantly more OAs than C. lanceolata. Overall, this study provides field-based evidence for interspecific differences in litter-derived OAs dynamics and offers a basis for tree species selection in mixed plantations with potential implications for nutrient return and phosphorus cycling. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Adaptation and Responses to Stress in Forest Trees)
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