Fruit Development, Ripening and Quality

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Horticultural Science and Ornamental Plants".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2024 | Viewed by 1335

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Plant Breeding, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
Interests: fruit trees; Prunus; fruit quality; postharvest; sensory quality; genomics; transcriptomics; epigenetics
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fruit development, ripening, postharvest performance, and quality are crucial factors for consideration in any breeding program involving fruit tree species, as they allow growers to select the best genotypes depending on the desired fruit characteristics. Early developmental stages play critical roles in determining fruit size and quality. Fruit quality is typically defined by pomological traits, which are sensorially perceived by consumers and provide valuable insights into the sensory appeal of fruit. Consequently, fruit quality is closely intertwined with sensory perception, with each concept being reliant on the other for a comprehensive understanding.

Distinguishing between physiological and commercial maturity is essential for defining appropriate treatments and storage conditions, ensuring desirable postharvest behavior. Striking a balance between shelf life and fruit quality is paramount for establishing an extended marketing window for high-quality produce with superior sensory appeal. While extensive research has focused on fruit quality and ripening in stone fruit trees, understanding the molecular foundations involved in these phenotypic traits, including genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics, remains a priority. Despite substantial progress being made in recent decades, unanswered questions persist regarding fruit development, ripening, quality, and postharvest performance, as well as the intricate inter-relationships between these stages. Addressing the challenges associated with the polygenic nature and quantitative inheritance, primarily attributed to the multitude of physiological processes occurring during pre- and postharvest stages, remains a key focus.

This Special Issue, dedicated to different fruit development stages, aims to provide a comprehensive overview of related traits through the collaborative efforts of talented researchers. We invite researchers to submit advanced research into pre- and postharvest management factors associated with fruit development, ripening, fruit quality, and postharvest performance. Additionally, we welcome research focusing on molecular levels to enhance our understanding of these intricate processes.  

Dr. Juan A. Salazar
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • fruit trees

  • fruit growing
  • ripening
  • postharvest
  • fruit quality
  • sensory quality

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 1910 KiB  
Article
Changes in the Aroma Profile and Phenolic Compound Contents of Different Strawberry Cultivars during Ripening
by Kristyna Simkova, Robert Veberic, Mariana Cecilia Grohar, Massimiliano Pelacci, Tina Smrke, Tea Ivancic, Aljaz Medic, Nika Cvelbar Weber and Jerneja Jakopic
Plants 2024, 13(10), 1419; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13101419 - 20 May 2024
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Abstract
Secondary metabolites, namely, phenolic and volatile organic compounds, contribute to the nutritional and organoleptic quality of the strawberry fruit. This study focuses on the changes in the content of phenolic compounds and volatile organic compounds during the ripening, from green to overripe fruit, [...] Read more.
Secondary metabolites, namely, phenolic and volatile organic compounds, contribute to the nutritional and organoleptic quality of the strawberry fruit. This study focuses on the changes in the content of phenolic compounds and volatile organic compounds during the ripening, from green to overripe fruit, of five strawberry cultivars (‘Asia’, ‘CIVN 766’, ‘Aprica’, ‘Clery’, and ‘Malwina’). Additionally, these changes are compared with the colour of the fruit and peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity. Our results show that the accumulation of secondary metabolites (phenolic and volatile organic compounds) significantly changed during the ripening process for all of the studied cultivars. As for phenolic compounds, flavanols and hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives comprised between 87 and 95% of the total phenolic compound content in unripe green fruit. In contrast, anthocyanins and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives comprised between 64 and 77% of the total phenolic compound content in overripe fruit, except in the fruit of the cultivar ‘CIVN766’. When it comes to the aroma profile, the content of aldehydes decreased by 24–49% as the fruit ripened, and the accumulation of esters increased. Our study also shows that the ripening process differs among cultivars, and it is therefore necessary to define ripening indicators separately for each cultivar. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fruit Development, Ripening and Quality)
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25 pages, 199841 KiB  
Article
Identification and Characterization of the Glutathione S-Transferase Gene Family in Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) and Their Potential Roles in Anthocyanin Intracellular Transportation
by Xuxiang Wang, Jiajia Dong, Yiting Hu, Qiaoyu Huang, Xiaoying Lu, Yilin Huang, Mingyang Sheng, Lijun Cao, Buhuai Xu, Yongqiang Li, Yu Zong and Weidong Guo
Plants 2024, 13(10), 1316; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13101316 - 10 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 573
Abstract
The glutathione S-transferases (GSTs, EC 2.5.1.18) constitute a versatile enzyme family with pivotal roles in plant stress responses and detoxification processes. Recent discoveries attributed the additional function of facilitating anthocyanin intracellular transportation in plants to GSTs. Our study identified 178 VcGST genes from [...] Read more.
The glutathione S-transferases (GSTs, EC 2.5.1.18) constitute a versatile enzyme family with pivotal roles in plant stress responses and detoxification processes. Recent discoveries attributed the additional function of facilitating anthocyanin intracellular transportation in plants to GSTs. Our study identified 178 VcGST genes from 12 distinct subfamilies in the blueberry genome. An uneven distribution was observed among these genes across blueberry’s chromosomes. Members within the same subfamily displayed homogeneity in gene structure and conserved protein motifs, whereas marked divergence was noted among subfamilies. Functional annotations revealed that VcGSTs were significantly enriched in several gene ontology and KEGG pathway categories. Promoter regions of VcGST genes predominantly contain light-responsive, MYB-binding, and stress-responsive elements. The majority of VcGST genes are subject to purifying selection, with whole-genome duplication or segmental duplication serving as key processes that drive the expansion of the VcGST gene family. Notably, during the ripening of the blueberry fruit, 100 VcGST genes were highly expressed, and the expression patterns of 24 of these genes demonstrated a strong correlation with the dynamic content of fruit anthocyanins. Further analysis identified VcGSTF8, VcGSTF20, and VcGSTF22 as prime candidates of VcGST genes involved in the anthocyanin intracellular transport. This study provides a reference for the exploration of anthocyanin intracellular transport mechanisms and paves the way for investigating the spectrum of GST functions in blueberries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fruit Development, Ripening and Quality)
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