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Breeding and Cultivation Management of Legumes, Volume II
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Breeding and Cultivation Management of Legumes, Volume II

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Physiology and Crop Production".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2024) | Viewed by 8878

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Barbara Pipan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Crop Science Department, Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, Hacquetova ulica 17, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Interests: molecular biology of plants; population genetics; MAS and breeding; genomic selection; DNA markers; NGS-based applications.
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Vladimir Meglič

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Crop Science Department, Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, Hacquetova ulica 17, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Interests: genetic resources; genetics and breeding; biotechnology; molecular breeding
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Legumes make up one of the most diverse groups of agronomically important plant species. Exploiting their characteristics on different levels will help to improve available genetic resources by employing advanced breeding approaches and assessing promising cultivation management practices. The Special issue of Plants on Breeding and Cultivation Management of Legumes provides a unique opportunity to publish results related to key trait-related aspects for genetic, genomic, morphologic, agronomic, metabolomic, and other omics improvements, as well as the breeding of diverse legume species and their efficient cultivation management strategies. Much remains to be discovered, and it would be of great importance to contribute your scientific findings to accelerate the breeding, agronomic performance, and sustainability of different legumes around the world.

Dr. Barbara Pipan
Dr. Vladimir Meglič
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • legume germplasm
  • diversity
  • selection
  • superior traits
  • agronomic performance

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

24 pages, 6764 KiB  
Article
Salicylic Acid-Induced Expression Profiles of LRR and LRR-RLK Candidate Genes Modulate Mungbean Yellow Mosaic India Virus Resistance in Blackgram and Its Two Wild Non-Progenitors
by Mansi Shukla, Priyanka Kaundal, Shalini Purwar, Mukul Kumar, Chandragupt Maurya, Chirag, Awdhesh Kumar Mishra, Kwang-Hyun Baek and Chandra Mohan Singh
Plants 2024, 13(24), 3601; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13243601 - 23 Dec 2024
Viewed by 780
Abstract
Blackgram is an important short-duration grain legume, but its yield is highly affected by various stresses. Among biotic stresses, yellow mosaic disease (YMD) is known as a devastating disease that leads to 100% yield loss under severe conditions. The cultivated lines possess resistance, [...] Read more.
Blackgram is an important short-duration grain legume, but its yield is highly affected by various stresses. Among biotic stresses, yellow mosaic disease (YMD) is known as a devastating disease that leads to 100% yield loss under severe conditions. The cultivated lines possess resistance, but exploring more diverse sources of resistance may be useful for pyramiding to improve the durability of said resistance. Some wild Vigna species have potentially demonstrated a high level of resistance. R-genes, including gene families of leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) and leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs), are known for modulating the resistance in plants against various biotic stresses. The first comprehensive analysis of the LRR and LRR-RLK gene families in mungbean is reported in the present study. A total of forty-six candidate genes were identified and grouped into eight clades. Protein motif analysis showed that the “Pkinase domain” and “LRR domains” were conserved in most of the R-proteins. The expression of candidate genes viz. VrNBS_TNLRR-8, VrLRR_RLK-20, VrLRR_RLK-17, and VrLRR_RLK-19 demonstrated significantly up-regulated expression upon YMD infection in control and salicylic acid-primed (SA-primed) plants. The analysis provides insight into the diversity and robust candidate genes for functional studies modulating YMD resistance altered by salicylic acid. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Breeding and Cultivation Management of Legumes, Volume II)
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18 pages, 3691 KiB  
Article
Diversity of Major Yield Traits and Nutritional Components Among Greenhouse Grown Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Breeding Lines, Landraces, and Cultivars of Different Origins
by Yu-Mi Choi, Hyemyeong Yoon, Myoung-Jae Shin, Sukyeung Lee, Jungyoon Yi, Xiaohan Wang and Kebede Taye Desta
Plants 2024, 13(21), 3078; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13213078 - 1 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1023
Abstract
This study analyzed the diversity of major yield traits and nutritional components across 122 chickpea breeding lines, cultivars, and landraces of different origins. All parameters showed significant variations, with a variance ranging from 4.61% in days to maturity (DM) to 43.04% in oleic [...] Read more.
This study analyzed the diversity of major yield traits and nutritional components across 122 chickpea breeding lines, cultivars, and landraces of different origins. All parameters showed significant variations, with a variance ranging from 4.61% in days to maturity (DM) to 43.04% in oleic acid. Six accessions, including CP021, CP022, CP026, CP037, CP066, and CP109, outperformed in yield traits and nutritional value. Origin significantly affected all phenotypic traits except total fatty acid contents, with Indian and Ukrainian accessions demonstrating contrasting performances. Most traits, except for the number of seeds per pod (SPP), palmitic acid, and total fatty acid contents, differed significantly among breeding lines, cultivars, and landraces. Breeding lines were the earliest to flower and to mature with average days to flowering (DF) of 50.23 days and DM of 101.50 days. They also had the highest average SPP, number of pods per plant (PPP), total seeds per plant (TSPP), total protein, crude fiber, dietary fiber, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid contents making them preferable for high yield and nutrition. Hierarchical cluster analysis classified the chickpea accessions into seven clusters, showing significant variations in yield traits and nutritional components. Principal component and Pearson’s correlation analyses indicated positive correlations between DM and DF, and between SPP, PPP, and TSPP. Nutritional components also displayed varying associations, with a notable negative correlation between oleic and linoleic acids, the two essential fatty acids. Overall, this study showed the diversity of key phenotypic traits in chickpea breeding lines, cultivars, and landraces of different origins. The significant effects of genotype and origin differences on these traits could be used as a basis for future metabolomics and genomics research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Breeding and Cultivation Management of Legumes, Volume II)
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21 pages, 3392 KiB  
Article
How Nutritious Are French Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) from the Citizen Science Experiment?
by Lovro Sinkovič, Vanja Blažica, Bojan Blažica, Vladimir Meglič and Barbara Pipan
Plants 2024, 13(2), 314; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13020314 - 20 Jan 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2822
Abstract
French beans are tender, immature, edible pods that are harvested early in the plant’s growth cycle and are usually eaten cooked. The growth habits of French beans were studied for the first time in a Citizen Science experiment, and 19 pod samples were [...] Read more.
French beans are tender, immature, edible pods that are harvested early in the plant’s growth cycle and are usually eaten cooked. The growth habits of French beans were studied for the first time in a Citizen Science experiment, and 19 pod samples were collected for further nutritional analysis. Various macronutrients (e.g., protein, ash, fat, carbohydrates, amino acids) and multi-element profiles were determined. A survey of their growing habits revealed that beans are usually planted once or twice a year in May and June at a length of 5–10 m, with a predominance of dwarf beans cultivation over climbing varieties, and pest resistance and stringless pods are the most important characteristics when deciding on a bean. Homogenised freeze-dried pod samples contained 16.1–23.1% protein, 4.5–8.2% ash, 0.1–1.1% fat, and 62.0–70.6% carbohydrates and had a caloric value of 337–363 kcal/100 g. Of the 17 free amino acids identified, 8 were essential (histidine, threonine, methionine, valine, lysine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine) and 9 were non-essential (cysteine, aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, glycine, arginine, alanine, proline, tyrosine); meanwhile, of the 12 elements, 5 were macroelements and 7 were microelements. The predominant free amino acids were aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and serine. In the multiple comparisons (Box and Whisker plot), the parameters caloric value and iron showed the strongest response. A very strong positive significant Pearson correlation (≥0.95) was found for five pairs of variables within the free amino acids. Comparison of the nutrient data obtained in the pods showed near-perfect or high complementarity (85.2–103.4%) with the food composition databases for half of the parameters, suggesting that the home-grown French beans from the Citizen Science experiment are a highly nutritious vegetable. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Breeding and Cultivation Management of Legumes, Volume II)
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16 pages, 701 KiB  
Article
Effectiveness and Selectivity of Pre- and Post-Emergence Herbicides for Weed Control in Grain Legumes
by Angeliki Kousta, Christos Katsis, Anastasia Tsekoura and Dimosthenis Chachalis
Plants 2024, 13(2), 211; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13020211 - 11 Jan 2024
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3348
Abstract
Grain legumes represent important crops for livestock feed and contribute to novel uses in the food industry; therefore, the best cultivation practices need to be assessed. This study aimed to identify herbicides to meet the current need for controlling broadleaf weeds without phytotoxicity [...] Read more.
Grain legumes represent important crops for livestock feed and contribute to novel uses in the food industry; therefore, the best cultivation practices need to be assessed. This study aimed to identify herbicides to meet the current need for controlling broadleaf weeds without phytotoxicity in the grain legume crop per se. Field experiments were undertaken during the 2019 and 2020 growing seasons and laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates as follows: four grain legume crops (vetch, pea, faba bean, and white lupine) and nine pre-emergence (PRE) or post-emergence selective (POST) herbicide treatments (PRE: aclonifen, pendimethalin plus clomazone, metribuzin plus clomazone, benfluralin, terbuthylazine plus pendimethalin, S-metolachlor plus pendimethalin, flumioxazin; POST: pyridate, imazamox) alongside weedy check plots. Plant phytotoxicity, crop dry matter, yield features, weed presence, and weed dry matter were assessed during the experiments. There was differential efficacy among the nine herbicide treatments; the weed control was more effective in the case of Veronica arvensis L. and Sonchus spp. L. compared with Chenopodium album L., Sinapis arvensis L., and Silibum marianum L. regardless of the herbicide treatment. The most effective PRE herbicide was flumioxazin, which had the greatest control over the majority of weeds (>70%) resulting in the lowest total weed biomass. The second-best treatment was benfluralin and the mixture of terbuthylazine plus pendimethalin (both had only limited control in S. arvensis). The best POST herbicide was imazamox, with only limited control in S. arvensis. The tested herbicides caused low to medium and transient levels of phytotoxicity mainly in vetch and secondly in peas but not in faba beans and lupines. Concerning all weed management treatments, benfluralin resulted in the highest grain yields for all four grain legume crops during both growing seasons. Among grain legumes, vetch had the highest competitive ability against weeds, whereas peas were the least tolerant against weed competition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Breeding and Cultivation Management of Legumes, Volume II)
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