The Role of Fertilizers and Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria in Improving Crop Productivity

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Physiology and Crop Production".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 435

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Department of Plant Health Rural Engineering and Soils, College of Engineering of Ilha Solteira, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Brasil Sul, 830–Centro, Ilha Solteira, SP 15385-000, Brazil
Interests: soil science; crop production; plant growth-promoting bacteria
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Guest Editor
Department of Plant Protection, Rural Engineering and Soils, São Paulo State University (UNESP)—Campus of Ilha Solteira, Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil
Interests: plant nutrition; fertilization; soil fertility; efficiency-enhanced fertilizers; plant growth-promoting bacteria associated with reduced fertilization
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Guest Editor
Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
Interests: soil fertility; nutrient cycling; soil microbial activity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

By 2050, crop production must increase by over 70% to meet future demands. This significant challenge requires integrated efforts to preserve natural resources, support intensive agriculture, and minimize environmental impacts. Achieving higher yields of grains, fiber, energy, and biomass will necessitate greater resource efficiency; otherwise, the world may face severe product shortages in the upcoming decades. However, the increased demand for food security may drive excessive agricultural input use, degrading soil and water quality globally, and exacerbating climate change.

Among various strategies for enhancing agricultural productivity, the rational use of plant nutrients, combined with biotechnologies such as inoculation with plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), is considered one of the most effective approaches for maintaining soil, crop, and environmental health. Over recent decades, numerous techniques have been developed to reduce fertilizer dependence, aiming to lower costs and mitigate the environmental risks associated with heavy chemical fertilization and extreme climatic conditions. Integrating nutrient management strategies and advanced technologies can significantly improve nutrient-use efficiency across diverse environmental settings.

PGPB inoculation plays a crucial role in mitigating environmental stress caused by climate extremes and excessive fertilizer application. This technique is increasingly recognized as a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative for crop management, enhancing plant nutrition while reducing reliance on synthetic fertilizers. A truly sustainable approach to nutrient use in agriculture, supported by PGPBs, requires a comprehensive reassessment of nutrient dynamics in soil, crop uptake, feeding systems, and nutrient runoff potential.

This Special Issue welcomes original research, perspectives, hypotheses, opinions, reviews, modeling approaches, and methodological studies focusing on plant nutrient–crop interactions, with an emphasis on PGPB applications in fertilization. Contributions exploring PGPBs in relation to beneficial elements (e.g., Se, Si, and Co), heavy metals (e.g., Pb, Cr, Cd, As, and Hg), and harsh environmental conditions are also encouraged.

Dr. Fernando Shintate Galindo
Dr. Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira Filho
Dr. Paulo Pagliari
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • nutrient acquisition
  • nutrient-use efficiency
  • plant growth-promoting bacteria
  • sustainable agriculture
  • biofertilizers
  • inoculants
  • nutrient solubilization
  • biological nitrogen fixation
  • beneficial elements
  • heavy metals Inoculants
  • nutrient solubilization
  • biological nitrogen fixation
  • beneficial elements
  • heavy metals

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 2441 KiB  
Article
Azospirillum brasilense in the Planting Furrow of Sugarcane to Minimize the Use of N Fertilizer
by José Augusto Liberato de Souza, Lucas dos Santos Teixeira, Gabriela da Silva Freitas, Lucas da Silva Alves, Maurício Bruno Prado da Silva, Juliana Françoso da Silva, Fernando Shintate Galindo, Carolina dos Santos Batista Bonini, Clayton Luís Baravelli de Oliveira and Reges Heinrichs
Plants 2025, 14(11), 1599; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14111599 - 24 May 2025
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Abstract
Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) stands out in the context of sustainable agricultural production due to its versatility and energy potential. However, management challenges, such as nitrogen (N) fertilization associated with microbiological action, require improvement. In this context, the use of the bacterium Azospirillum [...] Read more.
Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) stands out in the context of sustainable agricultural production due to its versatility and energy potential. However, management challenges, such as nitrogen (N) fertilization associated with microbiological action, require improvement. In this context, the use of the bacterium Azospirillum brasilense has been studied as an alternative to reducing the use of mineral fertilizers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the application of Azospirillum brasilense in the planting furrow of sugarcane in terms of leaf diagnosis, nutrient uptake, yield and technological quality of the stalks, and total fresh and dry biomass of the aerial parts of the plants. The experiment was conducted under field conditions at two locations during the 2022/2023 growing season. The soils in Areas 1 and 2 were classified as medium-textured oxisol and sandy-textured oxisol, respectively. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replications. The treatments were as follows: (T1) 28 kg ha−1 of N; (T2) 14 kg ha−1 of N; (T3) T2 + 0.2 L ha−1 of inoculant; (T4) T2 + 0.4 L ha−1 of inoculant; (T5) T2 + 0.6 L ha−1 of inoculant; (T6) T2 + 0.8 L ha−1 of inoculant. In Area 1, treatment T5 showed a total fresh biomass yield of the aerial parts that was 34% higher than T2. Total dry biomass, tillering, stalk yield, and technological parameters did not differ significantly between treatments in either area. In terms of nutrient uptake, treatment T5 consistently ranked among those with the highest averages for P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, and Zn in both experimental areas. The dendrogram showed similar results between treatments T1 and T5. The application of 0.6 L ha−1 of the solution containing Azospirillum brasilense, combined with 50% of the recommended N dose, increased total fresh biomass production. Total dry biomass, stalk yield, tillering, and technological variables of the crop were not affected by the presence of the bacterium. Full article
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