Bioactive Compounds in Plants: Sources, Identification and Applications

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Phytochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2026 | Viewed by 1261

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
Interests: plant extracts; bioactive compounds; enzymes; enzyme inhibition; protein purification and characterization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
Interests: plant extracts; phenolic composition; enzyme inhibition; antioxidant activity; cellular assays

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The plant kingdom represents an interesting and great source of biological activities for and isolation of several bioactive molecules. The great variability in compounds identified from plant extracts makes it possible to identify and isolate novel and structurally complex bioactive molecules with potential roles in human health and disease prevention. These compounds, which include phenolics, alkaloids and terpenoids, are known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties and inhibitory activities against target enzymes. This multidisciplinary field spans botany, biochemistry, and pharmacology, providing a comprehensive understanding of the potential health benefits derived from plant sources.

The identification and characterization of bioactive compounds involves advanced analytical techniques such as chromatography and spectrometry, which allow researchers to identify, quantify, and isolate the compounds effectively, as well as determine their structures and potential mechanisms of action. Additionally, in silico methods and bioassays are utilized to predict biological activity and assess the efficacy of these compounds.

This Special Issue will collect the latest discoveries involving plant extracts and emphasize the positive biological effects of these materials or their isolated compounds, in particular with regard to human health.

Dr. Francesca Pintus
Dr. Sonia Floris
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • plant extract
  • bioactive compounds
  • enzyme inhibition
  • antioxidant activity
  • chemical composition
  • biological activity
  • human diseases

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 2052 KB  
Article
Inhibition of α-Glucosidase Activity and Islet Amyloid PolyPeptide Fibril Formation by Rubus ulmifolius Fruit Extract: A Potential Therapeutic Approach for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
by Sonia Floris, Barbara Noli, Cristina Cocco, Antonella Fais, Benedetta Era, Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso, Valentina Masala, Franca Piras, Valeria Sogos, Amalia Di Petrillo, Antonio De Agostini, Francesca Pintus and Cinzia Sanna
Plants 2025, 14(21), 3247; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14213247 - 23 Oct 2025
Viewed by 870
Abstract
This study examines the antidiabetic potential of Rubus ulmifolius, a shrub traditionally used for medicinal and nutritional purposes. The aim was to assess the fruit extract’s inhibitory effect on α-amylase and α-glucosidase, therapeutic targets in type 2 diabetes (T2D), given their role [...] Read more.
This study examines the antidiabetic potential of Rubus ulmifolius, a shrub traditionally used for medicinal and nutritional purposes. The aim was to assess the fruit extract’s inhibitory effect on α-amylase and α-glucosidase, therapeutic targets in type 2 diabetes (T2D), given their role in carbohydrate digestion. Considering the role of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) aggregation in pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in T2D, the extract’s effect on inhibiting this process was also evaluated. Cytocompatibility and antioxidant effects were tested in Caco-2 cells, while caspase-1 activity was measured to evaluate anti-inflammatory potential. Phytochemical analysis of R. ulmifolius fruits revealed various phenolic compounds, with anthocyanin as the most abundant one. The cyanidin-3-O-glucoside accounted for 86% of all anthocyanins. Among flavonoids, the most represented ones were quercetin-HMG-glucoside and a kaempferol derivative, while ellagic acid glucuronide was the predominant ellagitannin. The extract showed significantly higher α-glucosidase inhibition with an IC50 value of 2.8 µg/mL, 32 times more effective than acarbose, and it markedly inhibited IAPP aggregation in a dose-dependent manner. It demonstrated antioxidant activity in cellular and acellular systems, without cytotoxicity. Caspase-1 activity was also reduced in intestinal cells. These findings support R. ulmifolius fruits as a promising functional food for managing T2D and preserving pancreatic function. Full article
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