Pharmacist Workforce Challenges and Solutions: Perspectives from Research and Practice

A special issue of Pharmacy (ISSN 2226-4787).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2026) | Viewed by 2469

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Sociobehavioral and Administrative Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
Interests: health economics; public health policy; labor economics; pharmacist workforce; job satisfaction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Sociobehavioral and Administrative Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
Interests: human capital; pharmacist workforce; gender, ethnic, and age group comparisons; cultural diversity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce the launch of this Special Issue, entitled “Pharmacist Workforce Challenges and Solutions: Perspectives from Research and Practice.” This Special Issue will bring together diverse perspectives from practitioners in hospitals, the community, industry, academia, regulatory affairs, and other sectors, as well as socio-behavioral and policy researchers, to address the evolving workforce landscape in pharmacy. While the existing literature provides valuable insights into these issues, there remains a need for research that integrates academic evidence with practical solutions drawn from real-world experiences.

Pharmacists play a critical role in healthcare delivery, yet workforce challenges—shortages, geographic disparities, evolving practice models, expansion of scope, burnout, and the need for new skills (for example, those related to expanded clinical roles or service provision in underserved areas), among others—pose ongoing barriers to optimizing patient care. This Special Issue intends to bridge that gap by presenting studies that both expand upon the current body of work, offering new data, comparative analyses, and innovative strategies that can inform policy, education, and practice.

We welcome submissions from all areas relevant to the pharmacist workforce, including but not limited to workforce supply and demand, career pathways, workforce diversity, education and training models, job satisfaction, retention strategies, and interprofessional collaboration. Both research articles and practice-oriented contributions are encouraged, as well as reviews, commentaries, and case studies.

We hope this Special Issue will serve as a valuable resource for deepening the understanding of pharmacist workforce challenges while providing evidence-based solutions to strengthen the pharmacy workforce worldwide.

Dr. Ioana Popovici
Prof. Dr. Manuel J. Carvajal
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • burnout
  • earnings
  • geographic disparities
  • health policy
  • interprofessional collaboration
  • job satisfaction
  • pharmacist workforce
  • pharmacy education
  • salary
  • work input
  • workforce mobility
  • workforce retention
  • workforce trends
  • age
  • gender
  • location (resource-rich and resource-poor locations)
  • professional leadership associations or groups
  • global shortfall

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 245 KB  
Article
Pharmacists’ Work Experiences and Career Dynamics in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sector Study
by Mohammed Alnuhait, Ayidh Alqarni, Leena Alsharafi, Arjwan Alshreef, Renad Althebaiti, Alaa Shahbar, Foud Bahamdain, Abdulhamid Althagafi, Mohamed A. Albekery, Abdullah F. Alharthi and Abdulmalik S. Alotaibi
Pharmacy 2026, 14(1), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy14010018 - 27 Jan 2026
Viewed by 1286
Abstract
Background: Pharmacists in Saudi Arabia are assuming increasingly diverse and specialized roles amid rapid healthcare transformation. However, evolving expectations and expanding responsibilities may influence their job satisfaction, well-being, and career stability. This study aimed to assess job satisfaction, burnout, well-being, and career intentions [...] Read more.
Background: Pharmacists in Saudi Arabia are assuming increasingly diverse and specialized roles amid rapid healthcare transformation. However, evolving expectations and expanding responsibilities may influence their job satisfaction, well-being, and career stability. This study aimed to assess job satisfaction, burnout, well-being, and career intentions among pharmacists across multiple practice sectors in Saudi Arabia. Method: A nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted between December 2024 and January 2025 using an electronic questionnaire distributed to licensed pharmacists. The instrument assessed mental well-being, job satisfaction, burnout, workplace environment, and career mobility. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: A total of 531 pharmacists completed the survey; 65% were male, and 89.3% were Saudi nationals. Sector distribution differed significantly by gender (p < 0.001): females were more represented in clinical and hospital pharmacy, while males predominated in the pharmaceutical industry–related roles. Male pharmacists reported higher work environment scores (p = 0.028) and greater sector mobility (34.2% vs. 23.7%, p = 0.012). Approximately 30.5% of participants had changed their employment sector at least once. Community pharmacists reported the highest burnout levels, whereas those in regulatory and administrative roles demonstrated the greatest job satisfaction (both p < 0.001). Participation in professional development showed strong positive associations with job satisfaction and intention to remain in the current role. Conclusions: Marked variations exist in pharmacists’ well-being, satisfaction, and career mobility across sectors in Saudi Arabia, with notable gender differences. Enhancing professional development, ensuring equitable work environments, and promoting sector-specific support strategies may help inform discussions on pharmacist engagement and retention within the evolving national healthcare system. Full article

Other

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7 pages, 175 KB  
Brief Report
Community Pharmacies Face Critical Sustainability Challenges in the United States: Academic Pharmacy Can Help
by Karl M. Hess and Peter Lim
Pharmacy 2026, 14(2), 54; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy14020054 - 29 Mar 2026
Viewed by 472
Abstract
Community pharmacies in the United States (US) face an increasingly unsustainable future due to declining third-party reimbursement (remuneration) and ongoing cash flow challenges following the elimination of retroactive direct and indirect remuneration (DIR) fees. These pressures have contributed to widespread pharmacy closures, the [...] Read more.
Community pharmacies in the United States (US) face an increasingly unsustainable future due to declining third-party reimbursement (remuneration) and ongoing cash flow challenges following the elimination of retroactive direct and indirect remuneration (DIR) fees. These pressures have contributed to widespread pharmacy closures, the emergence of pharmacy deserts, and reduced access to care for millions of patients. Despite these challenges, community pharmacy remains the most common employment setting for pharmacy school graduates in the US. However, currently required community pharmacy Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience (APPE) student rotations may offer limited exposure to business, management, and entrepreneurial activities, potentially leaving students underprepared for practice in this setting. US colleges and schools of pharmacy are uniquely positioned to address this gap by partnering with their community pharmacy APPE rotation sites to intentionally integrate business- and practice-focused knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSAs) into the APPE. Equipping students with these KSAs may enhance early career readiness while also supporting the financial sustainability of US community pharmacies through the development of innovative, revenue-generating services. These efforts further align with the 2025 Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) Standards and may help advance the profession. Future research should examine optimal community pharmacy APPE structures, models, and assessment strategies to maximize student preparedness and long-term community pharmacy sustainability. Full article
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