Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Therapeutics, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923). This special issue belongs to the section "Gene and Cell Therapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2025) | Viewed by 2341

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Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate All'Ortopedia, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi–Sant’Ambrogio, Via Cristina Belgioioso 173, 20157 Milan, Italy
Interests: regenerative medicine; mesenchymal stromal cells; osteoarthritis; extracellular vesicles; miRNA
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FRACTAL–Flow Cytometry Resource, Advanced Cytometry Technical Applications Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
Interests: flow cytometry and cell sorting; extracellular vesicles analysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have gained attention in the field of regenerative medicine. MSCs’ differentiation potential, together with their paracrine properties, has made them a crucial option for tissue healing and repair. MSCs’ paracrine properties rely on the release of soluble factors and extracellular vesicles (EVs) such as exosomes and microvesicles. EVs’ origin is mainly endosomal, and they shuttle a cargo defined by several active molecules such as miRNA, mRNA, lipids and proteins that are transferred from their original cells to target cells. In the last decade, EVs have been postulated as crucial players for the therapeutic effect of MSCs in several in vitro and in vivo disease models. Moreover, a number of clinical trials using MSC-EVs have been started, covering cancer, neurological diseases, diabetes and COVID-19. Hence, MSC-EVs may be envisioned as a cell-free therapy in regenerative medicine and all those diseases where tissue healing is needed. Nevertheless, a thorough characterization of the cargo fingerprint associated with the MSC source and an explanation of MSCs’ properties are still largely missing. Therefore, the aim of this Special Issue is to collect reports from in vitro studies to clinical trials, thereby shedding light on MSC-EV features at both the physiological and molecular levels.

Dr. Enrico Ragni
Dr. Daniela Boselli
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • mesenchymal stromal cells
  • extracellular vesicles
  • regenerative medicine
  • miRNA
  • lipids
  • cytokines

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

22 pages, 6432 KiB  
Article
Priming Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Lipopolysaccharide Boosts the Immunomodulatory and Regenerative Activity of Secreted Extracellular Vesicles
by Aina Areny-Balagueró, Marta Camprubí-Rimblas, Elena Campaña-Duel, Anna Solé-Porta, Adrián Ceccato, Anna Roig, John G. Laffey, Daniel Closa and Antonio Artigas
Pharmaceutics 2024, 16(10), 1316; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16101316 - 10 Oct 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1703
Abstract
Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been proposed as an alternative to live-cell administration for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). MSC-EVs can be chiefly influenced by the environment to which the MSCs are exposed. Here, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) priming of MSCs [...] Read more.
Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been proposed as an alternative to live-cell administration for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). MSC-EVs can be chiefly influenced by the environment to which the MSCs are exposed. Here, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) priming of MSCs was used as a strategy to boost the natural therapeutic potential of the EVs in acute lung injury (ALI). Methods: The regenerative and immunemodulatory effect of LPS-primed MSC-EVs (LPS-EVs) and non-primed MSC-EVs (C-EVs) were evaluated in vitro on alveolar epithelial cells and macrophage-like THP-1 cells. In vivo, ALI was induced in adult male rats by the intrapulmonary instillation of HCl and LPS. Rats (n = 8 to 22/group) were randomized to receive a single bolus (1 × 108 particles) of LPS-EVs, C-EVs, or saline. Lung injury severity was assessed at 72 h in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage. Results: In vitro, LPS-EVs improved wound regeneration and attenuated the inflammatory response triggered by the P. aeruginosa infection, enhancing the M2 macrophage phenotype. In in vivo studies, LPS-EVs, but not C-EVs, significantly decreased the neutrophilic infiltration and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in lung tissue. Alveolar macrophages from LPS-EVs-treated animals exhibited a reduced expression of CXCL-1, a key neutrophil chemoattractant. However, both C-EVs and LPS-EVs reduced alveolar epithelial and endothelial permeability, mitigating lung damage. Conclusions: EVs from LPS-primed MSCs resulted in a better resolution of ALI, achieving a greater balance in neutrophil infiltration and activation, while avoiding the complete disruption of the alveolar barrier. This opens new avenues, paving the way for the clinical implementation of cell-based therapies. Full article
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